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Effect of Highly Pressurized Hydrogen Gas Charging on the Hydrogen Embrittlement of API X70 Steel
Dong-Su Bae,Chi-Eun Sung1,Hyun-Ju Bang,Sang-Pill Lee,Jin-Kyung Lee,In-Soo Son,조영래,Un-Bong Baek,Seung-HoonNahm 대한금속·재료학회 2014 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.20 No.4
During the use of API X70 steel as a pipeline structural material for the transportation of natural gas,hydrogen embrittlement can occur due to the hydrogen contained in natural gas. The aim of this study is toinvestigate the effects of the hydrogen content under high-pressure hydrogen gas conditions on the hydrogenembrittlement of air-cooled API X70 steel. The air-cooled API X70 steel was manufactured by hot rollingand was then air-cooled to room temperature. Tensile test specimens were held for 0 h, 1000 h, and 2000 hwithin a pressure vessel filled with 100% hydrogen gas at a gas pressure of 10 MPa, with the tensile teststhen performed at room temperature. The microstructure of the API X70 steel consists of coarse polygonalferrite, coarse pearlite, and fine acicular ferrite. The yield and tensile strength increased and elongationdecreased considerably after a holding time of 2000 h compared to those of 0 h and 1000 h within the pressurevessel. The morphology of the fracture surface changed from ductile to brittle upon hydrogen gas charging. Secondary cracks were observed in both of the hydrogen-gas-charged specimens. No external cracks wereformed on the surface of the tensile-tested specimen with a 0 h holding time; however, many external crackswere observed on the specimen surface subjected to hydrogen gas charging.
Bae, Yong Jin,Park, Kyung Man,Ahn, Sung Hee,Moon, Jeong Hee,Kim, Myung Soo Springer New York LLC 2014 Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrome Vol.25 No.8
<P>Previously, we reported that MALDI spectra of peptides became reproducible when temperature was kept constant. Linear calibration curves derived from such spectral data could be used for quantification. Homogeneity of samples was one of the requirements. Among the three popular matrices used in peptide MALDI [i.e., α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (CHCA), 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB), and sinapinic acid (SA)], homogeneous samples could be prepared by conventional means only for CHCA. In this work, we showed that sample preparation by micro-spotting improved the homogeneity for all three cases.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>
Sung Min Bae,Soo Dong Woo 한국응용곤충학회 2014 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2014 No.10
The baculovirus expression vector system (BEVS) is an effective and widely used method for the production of recombinant proteins in insect cells or larvae. However, the expression efficiency of foreign proteins using the polyhedrin promoter could not obtain the protein yields observed for native polyhedrin. To enhance the production efficiency of foreign protein in baculovirus expression system, the effects of various polyhedrin fragments were investigated by fusion expressing them with the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP). Among the fusion-expressed protein in nucleus and cytoplasm, the most hyper-expression was observed in the fusion of amino acids 19 to 110 and 32 to 59 of polyhedrin. Additionally, the several proteins expressed by the partial polyhedrin-fused expression system was markedly increased. However, we identified that hyper-expression of target protein varied depending on the partial polyhedrin. Therefore, we constructed the virus inducible partial polyhedrin fusion transient expression system. This system amenable for screening of suitable partial polyhedrin to produce the target protein. The present study suggests a new option for higher expression of useful foreign recombinant protein using the partial polyhedrin fusion expression in baculovirus.
Sung Min Bae,Hee Jung Kim,Tae Young Shin,Jae Bang Choi,Yeon Ho Je,Byung Rae Jin,Soo Dong Woo 한국응용곤충학회 2014 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2014 No.04
Polyhedrin is the major component of the nuclear viral occlusions produced during replication of the baculovirus Autographa californica multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV). To enhance the production efficiency of foreign protein in baculovirus expression system, the effects of various polyhedrin fragments were investigated by fusion expressing them with the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP). Recombinant viruses were generated to express EGFP fused with polyhedrin fragments based on the previously reported minimal region for self-assembly and the KRKK nuclear localization signal (NLS). The marked increase of EGFP by these fusion expressions was confirmed through protein and fluorescence intensity analyses. Among the fusion-expressed protein in nucleus and cytoplasm, the most hyper-expression was observed in the fusion of amino acids 19 to 110 and 32 to 59 of polyhedrin. Also these fragments, some degradation of only the fused polyhedrin was observed in the fusion of amino acids 19 to 85 and 32 to 85. The production of E2 protein, which is a major antigen of classical swine fever virus, was dramatically increased by fusion expression with polyhedrin amino acids 19 to 110, and its preliminary immunogenicity was verified using experimental guinea pigs. The production of luciferase was approximately two folds increased by fusion expression with polyhedrin amino acids 32 to 59, and its activity was measured using Luminometer. This study suggests a new option for higher expression of useful foreign recombinant protein using the partial polyhedrin fusion expression in baculovirus.
A Forwarded-Clock Receiver With Constant and Wide-Range Jitter-Tracking Bandwidth
Sang-Hye Chung,Young-Ju Kim,Kyung-Soo Ha,Seung-Jun Bae,Jung-Bae Lee,Lee-Sup Kim IEEE 2014 IEEE transactions on circuits and systems. a publi Vol.61 No.3
<P>A source synchronous architecture with constant and wide jitter-tracking bandwidth (JTB) is presented. The proposed receiver is based on an injection-locked oscillator (ILO), which provides jitter filtering and phase deskew simultaneously. While using only the ILO has intrinsic two dependence problems (JTB versus deskew and JTB versus a voltage-controlled oscillator tuning range required for 1 unit interval deskew), the proposed receiver makes them independent. Therefore, the proposed receiver can achieve the optimal JTB in a wide range supporting various applications by controlling deskew phase and JTB independently. A test chip was implemented to prove 11-Gb/s data recovery with constant 70-MHz to 1-GHz JTB in 0.13-μm CMOS.</P>