Molecular analysis of genetic diversity, population structure, and phylogeny of wild and cultivated tulips (Tulipa L.) by genic microsatellites

Ali Pourkhaloee,Morteza Khosh-Khui,Paul Arens,Hassan Salehi,Hooman Razi,Ali Niazi,Alireza Afsharifar,Jaap van Tuyl 한국원예학회 2018 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.59 No.6

Tulip ( Tulipa L.) is one of the most important ornamental geophytes in the world. Analysis of molecular variability of tulipsis of great importance in conservation and parental lines selection in breeding programs. Of the 70 genic microsatellites, 15highly polymorphic and reproducible markers were used to assess the genetic diversity, structure, and relationships among280 individuals of 36 wild and cultivated tulip accessions from two countries: Iran and the Netherlands. The mean valuesof gene diversity and polymorphism information content were 0.69 and 0.66, respectively, which indicated the high discriminatorypower of markers. The calculated genetic diversity parameters were found to be the highest in wild T . systolaStapf (Derak region). Bayesian model-based STRU CTU RE analysis detected fi ve gene pools for 36 germplasms whichcorresponded with morphological observations and traditional classifi cations. Based on analysis of molecular variance, toconserve wild genetic resources in some geographical locations, sampling should be performed from distant locations toachieve high diversity. The unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean dendrogram and principal component analysisplot indicated that among wild tulips, T . systola and T . micheliana Hoog exhibited the closest relationships with cultivatedtulips. Thus, it can be assumed that wild tulips from Iran and perhaps other Middle East countries played a role in the originof T . gesneriana , which is likely a tulip species hybrid of unclear origin. In conclusion, due to the high genetic variabilityof wild tulips, they can be used in tulip breeding programs as a source of useful alleles related to resistance against stresses.

Impact of Time Interval Between Chemoradiation and Surgery on Pathological Complete Response and Survival in Rectal Cancer

Akbar, Ali,Bhatti, Abu Bakar Hafeez,Niazi, Samiullah Khan,Syed, Amir Ali,Khattak, Shahid,Raza, Syed Hassan,Kazmi, Ather Saeed Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.1

Background: Limited data are available regarding the impact of time duration between chemoradiation (CRT) and surgery on pathological complete response (PCR). A PCR translates into better overall and disease free survival. The objective of this study was to determine effect of time duration on outcome after preoperative CRT in rectal cancer. Materials and Methods: A retrospective review of patients undergoing operations for rectal adenocarcinoma between January 2005 and December 2010 was performed. Patients were divided in two groups: Group 1 underwent surgery in ${\leq}8weeks$ post neoadjuvant CRT and Group 2 after 8 weeks. Patient characteristics, surgical procedure, histopathological details and number of loco-regional and distant failures were compared. Expected 5 year overall survival and disease free survival was calculated using Kaplan Meier curves and significance was determined using the log rank test. Results: There were 66 patients in group 1 and 93 in group 2. No significant difference in PCR was observed between the two. However, estimated 5 year DFS was significantly higher in Group 1 (66.7%) as compared to Group 2 (53.8%) (P=0.04). Estimated overall 5 year overall survival was not significantly different at 68.2% versus 54.3% (P= 0.09). Conclusions: Delaying surgery more than 8 weeks after preoperative CRT does not impact for PCR in rectal cancer.

Bayes and robust Bayes prediction with an application to a rainfall prediction problem

Ali Karimnezhad,Sara Niazi,Ahmad Parsian 한국통계학회 2014 Journal of the Korean Statistical Society Vol.43 No.2

In this paper, we consider the prediction problem of a future observation in a family of scaleparameter models under a class of precautionary prediction loss function in the context ofBayes and robust Bayes methodology. Under three members of the precautionary predictionloss functions, which are suitable members when considering scale invariant models,we deal with Bayes, Minimax, Posterior Regret Gamma Minimax and Least Sensitiveprediction of future observation Y based on currently observed data X. We also conducta simulation study and a data analysis to illustrate the practical utility of the predictionprocedure and to compare performance of the proposed predictors, as well.

Arsenic(V) biosorption by charred orange peel in aqueous environments

Abid, Muhammad,Niazi, Nabeel Khan,Bibi, Irshad,Farooqi, Abida,Ok, Yong Sik,Kunhikrishnan, Anitha,Ali, Fawad,Ali, Shafaqat,Igalavithana, Avanthi Deshani,Arshad, Muhammad Taylor Francis 2016 International journal of phytoremediation Vol.18 No.5

Transformation of the L-Asparaginase II Gene to Potato Hairy Roots for Production of Recombinant Protein

Azadeh Mohammadi,Ali Niazi,Farzaneh Aram,Farshid Hassani,Younes Ghasemi 한국작물학회 2020 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.23 No.1

Nowadays, transgenic plants are considered as an expression system for therapeutic recombinant proteins. One of the approaches to recombinant protein production is the introduction of the relevant genes to plant cells and produce hairy roots from these cells using the plant tissue culture methods. L-asparaginase II is one of the important therapeutic enzymes used in the treatment of cancer, especially in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in children. In this study, L-asparaginase II (ansB) gene was isolated from Escherichia coli YG001 and overexpressed in Solanum tuberosum. The sequence of L-asparaginase II gene was optimized according to the codon usage table of S. tuberosum and cloned into the plant expression vector pBI121. Protein, DNA, and RNA of transgenic hairy roots were investigated. It was demonstrated that the ansB gene was correctly integrated into the genomic DNA of transgenic plants. The whole protein of transgenic roots was used for the assay of L-asparaginase II activity, the higher activity of L-asparaginase II was observed in transgenic hairy roots when compared with non-transgenic ones, and the recombinant protein was detected using western blot.

CrMYC1 contributes to catharanthine and ajmalicine accumulation by regulating the TIA pathway in Catharanthus roseus hairy roots

Sazegari Sima,Niazi Ali,Shahriari-Ahmadi Farajollah,Afsharifar Alireza 한국원예학회 2022 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.63 No.5

Terpenoid indole alkaloids (TIA) are important pharmaceuticals produced in low amounts through the terpenoid indole alkaloid pathway in Catharanthus roseus. Production of these alkaloids is controlled by biosynthetic and regulatory genes. CrMYC1 is a chief transcription factor that regulates terpenoid indole alkaloid production. In this study, we cloned CrMYC1 and overexpressed it in C. roseus hairy roots to investigate its effect on the production of the TIAs ajmalicine and catharan- thine. qRT-PCR results revealed that CrMYC1 expression in transgenic CrMYC1-overexpressing hairy root lines was 3–6 times higher than that of the wild-type hairy root control line. Also, we detected a significant increase in strictosidine β-D- glucosidase (SGD) expression, a critical enzyme in TIA biosynthesis, in the overexpression lines. HPLC analysis showed that CrMYC1 overexpression significantly improved the accumulation of ajmalicine (13 to 14-fold) and catharanthine (3 to 4.4-fold) compared to the control hairy root line. These results provide insight into the role of this understudied transcription factor in TIA pathway regulation and emphasize further research objectives.

Biosynthesis of hyaluronic acid in Nicotiana tabacum plants: an efficient and safe method for large-scale production

Nazeri Arezoo,Aram Farzaneh,Niazi Ali 한국작물학회 2024 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.27 No.1

Thus far, the industrial production of Hyaluronic Acid (HA) has focused on two main methods, extraction from animal tissues or bacterial fermentation. The main drawbacks to these systems are contamination with microbial toxins and animal pathogens, the time-consuming processes of extraction and purification, and expensive investment in scaling-up production systems. Although HA precursors are naturally produced in plants, no HA is produced in plants due to the lack of Hyaluronic Acid Synthase (HAS). In this study, the human hyaluronic acid synthase2 (hHAS2) sequence was optimized and expressed in Nicotiana tabacum using Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. HA quantitative and qualitative analysis confirmed the integration and expression of the hHAS2 in transgenic plants. The highest hHAS2 concentration of 42 ng/kg (wet weight) in transgenic lines was measured by the hHAS2 ELISA kit. The production of HA polymers in the transgenic plants was verified and quantified by the HA ELISA kit. The antioxidant activity of HA with the highest concentration of 0.17 g/kg showed a maximum activity of 52%.

Remediation of arsenic-contaminated water using agricultural wastes as biosorbents

Shakoor, Muhammad Bilal,Niazi, Nabeel Khan,Bibi, Irshad,Murtaza, Ghulam,Kunhikrishnan, Anitha,Seshadri, Balaji,Shahid, Muhammad,Ali, Shafaqat,Bolan, Nanthi S.,Ok, Yong Sik,Abid, Muhammad,Ali, Fawad Informa UK (TaylorFrancis) 2016 Critical reviews in environmental science and tech Vol.46 No.5

<P>Arsenic (As) contamination of groundwater reservoirs is a global environmental and health issue given to its toxic and carcinogenic nature. Over 170 million people have been affected by As due to the ingestion of As-contaminated groundwater. Conventional methods such as reverse osmosis, ion exchange, and electrodialysis are commonly used for the remediation of As-contaminated water; however, the high cost and sludge production put limitations on their application to remove As from water. This review critically addresses the use of various agricultural waste materials (e.g., sugarcane bagasse, peels of various fruits, wheat straw) as biosorbents, thereby offering an eco-friendly and low-cost solution for the removal of As from contaminated water supplies. The effect of solution chemistry such as solution pH, cations, anions, organic ligands, and various other factors (e.g., temperature, contact time, sorbent dose) on As biosorption, and safe disposal methods for As-loaded biosorbents to reduce secondary As contamination are also discussed.</P>

Transient expression of fusion and hemagglutinin-neuraminidase epitopes of Newcastle disease virus in maize as a potent candidate vaccine

Amir Ghaffar Shahriari,Ali Niazi,Maziar Habibi-Pirkoohi 대한백신학회 2021 Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research Vol.10 No.3

Purpose: Newcastle disease (ND) represents a major viral disease across the world which imposes high costs to poultry producers for vaccination. Hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) and fusion (F) proteins are the major immunogenic epitopes of Newcastle disease virus and hence, have been the main targets for development of anti-ND vaccines. This paper reports transient expression of a synthetic gene composing of four tandem repeats of HN and three tandem repeats of F epitopes in maize leaves as initial step toward production of recombinant vaccine against ND. Materials and Methods: The synthetic gene was cloned in pBI121 plasmid to yield an expression vector. The vector was sophisticated by the addition of AUG codon, polyhistidine-tag, tobacco mosaic virus omega sequence, stop codon, and restriction sites. Leaf transformation was conducted by the agroinfiltration method. Molecular detection assays including polymerase chain reaction, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were carried out to evaluate transgene expression in infiltrated leaves of the corn plant. Results: The result obtained in this research revealed that the transgene was transcribed and translated in maize leaves only 48 hours after infiltration. In the second phase of the experiment, the expressed protein was injected into rabbits. The result of the ELISA assay indicated induction of immune response in the rabbits after injection with the heterologous protein. Conclusion: These results confirm the feasibility of agroinfiltration for transient gene expression of viral epitopes in monocot plants which naturally resist stable transformation by Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Practical implications of this finding are discussed in detail and some recommendations for future studies are proposed.

In planta Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of L-Asparaginase gene into potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cv. Agria: an efficient and novel method

Gharghi Amir,Nazeri Arezoo,Niazi Ali 한국식물생명공학회 2023 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.17 No.2

Since potato is the fourth most important crop, the development of a practical and simple transformation method for cultivars recalcitrant in tissue culture is absolutely vital. When the potato is fried at temperatures higher than 120 °C, acrylamide that is probably carcinogenic in humans is formed in French fries and potato chips during the Maillard reaction. An effective solution to diminish the level of acrylamide is to transform potato cultivars by overexpressing the L-Asparaginase gene in potato tubers. In this study, a vector was constructed with the L-Asparaginase gene downstream of the laccase tuber-specific promoter using the expression vector pBI121. Agrobacterium tumefaciens suspension was injected into the eyes of potato tubers using insulin syringes. Out of all selected plants, 127 putative transgenic lines were resistant to 0.5% glyphosate, and the mean transformation efficiency turned out to be 31.75%. This is the first report of in planta transformation utilized for potato. The expression of the transgene in the tubers of transgenic lines at RNA and protein level was validated by RT-PCR and ELISA respectively. The recombinant enzyme containing a 6xHistidine-tag was easily purified by Ni–NTA chromatography and its molecular weight was determined to be 40.18 kDa by SDS-PAGE.