Global Awareness of Myocardial Infarction Symptoms in General Population: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Akash Sharma,Karavadi Vidusha,Harshini Suresh,Ajan M. J.,Kavinkumar Saravanan,Madhvi Dhamania,Nisha B,Rabbanie Tariq Wani 대한심장학회 2021 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.51 No.12

Background and Objectives: Knowledge about myocardial Infarction (MI) symptoms is crucial because inadequate awareness ensures direct association with patient delay and adverse health events subsequently. Methods: PRISMA guidelines were followed while conducting the systematic review with PROSPERO number CRD42020219802. An electronic search was conducted comprehensively through 5 databases to find those relevant articles systematically. Prevalence was calculated for each typical symptom of MI separately and subgroup analysis according to continent, country, gender and ethnicity was done. Meta-Analysis was conducted by using statistical software R version 3.4.3. A random-effects model was used. Results: Studies from 35 different countries with 120,988,548 individuals were included in the final analysis. The prevalence of chest pain awareness was highest, while it was lowest for jaw, back, and neck pain. There was no difference in terms of awareness in males and females. Prevalence of awareness of typical MI symptoms was higher in the Caucasian white, white, and non-Hispanic white groups than in other groups. The prevalence varies from less than 5% in African countries such as Kenya, Tanzania and Asian countries such as Nepal to as high as 90% in Germany. Conclusions: People are well aware of chest pain as a symptom of MI. However, there is limited knowledge regarding other typical symptoms of MI.

Experimental estimation and optimization of process parameters under minimum quantity lubrication and dry turning of AISI-4340 with different carbide inserts

Akash Saini,Suresh Dhiman,Rajesh Sharma,Sunil Setia 대한기계학회 2014 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.28 No.6

An experimental study has been performed on AISI 4340 steel in this paper. The influence of approach angle, feed rate, cutting speedand depth of cut has been on cutting forces and tool tip temperature has been experimentally investigated. Before conducting experimentson the AISI 4340 steel work-piece, the chemical composition test, microstructure test were performed and hardness of the work-piecewas improved by heat treatment. A total of 64 experiments each by two different coated carbide inserts (PVD and CVD-coated) wereconducted on AISI-4340 steel under different environmental conditions (dry and MQL machining). During the experiments, approachangle, cutting speed, feed rate are varied to four levels and the depth of cut is kept constant to investigate the effect of the same on thethree cutting forces component and the temperature variations on the tool-tip. It is observed that the main cutting force was largest amongthe three cutting force components in case of AISI 4340 steel turning and MQL machining show beneficial effects compared to dry machining.

Incidence of Dural Tears in Open versus Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery: A Single-Center Prospective Study

Sharma Ayush,Shakya Akash,Singh Vijay,Deepak Priyank,Mangale Nilesh,Jaiswal Ajay,Marathe Nandan 대한척추외과학회 2022 Asian Spine Journal Vol.16 No.4

Study Design: A prospective comparative study. Purpose: To compare the incidence of unintended durotomy and return to work after open surgery versus minimally invasive spine surgery (MIS) for degenerative lumbar pathologies. Overview of Literature: The incidence of accidental durotomy varies between 0.3% and 35%. Most of these are from open surgeries, and only a handful of studies have involved the MIS approach. No single-center studies have compared open surgery with MIS, especially in the context of early return to work and dural tear (DT). Methods: This study included 420 operated cases of degenerative lumbar pathology with a prospective follow-up of at least 6 months. Patients were divided into the open surgery and MIS groups, and the incidences of DT, early return to work, and various demographic and operative factors were compared. Results: A total of 156 and 264 patients underwent MIS and open surgery, respectively. Incidental durotomy was documented in 52 cases (12.4%); this was significantly less in the MIS group versus the open surgery group (6.4% vs. 15.9%, p<0.05). In the open surgery group, four patients underwent revision for persistent dural leak or pseudomeningocele, but none of the cases in the MIS group had revision surgery due to DT-related complications. The incidence of DT was higher among patients with high body mass index, patients with diabetes mellitus, and patients who underwent revision surgery (p<0.05) regardless of the approach. The MIS group returned to work significantly earlier. Conclusions: MIS was associated with a significantly lower incidence of DT and earlier return to work compared with open surgery among patients with degenerative lumbar pathology.

Recognition and Classification of Human Actions Using 2D Pose Estimation and Machine Learning

Monika Dhiman,Akash Sharma,Sarbjeet Singh 한국정보과학회 2022 Journal of Computing Science and Engineering Vol.16 No.4

Recognition and classification of human actions is a fundamental but difficult computer vision task that has been studied by several researchers worldwide in recent years. Pose estimation is a widely used technology for recognizing human actions. It has several applications, especially in the field of computer vision, where it can be used to recognize basic as well as complex human actions. This research provides a novel framework for identifying and classifying human actions which include five categories: standing, walking, waving, punching, and kicking. The dataset used for recognition and classification purposes is generated using the videos that are recorded using a smartphone and a 2D pose estimation technique has been applied to extract the features from the human body. The machine learning (ML) classifiers have been trained on a custom-built dataset. While all algorithms nearly performed well in the classification task, the light gradient-boosting machine (LGBM) outperformed the rest in terms of accuracy (98.80%).

Optimal Placement of SVC Incorporating Installation Cost

Ankit Kumar Sharma,Akash Saxena,Rajive Tiwari 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Hybrid Information Techno Vol.9 No.8

As the FACTS controllers are an inequitable part of power system due to their fast and very flexible control. With the enhancement of FACTS technology, their role in the marginal cost determination should be considered taking their cost function into account. The aim of this paper is to compare the optimal performance of static VAR compensator (SVC) in voltage stability enhancement problem. During last decade, FACTS devices are broadly used for maximizing the margin of voltage stability and loadability of existing power system transmission networks. To get the optimal system, cost analysis might be necessary. In the cost analysis of SVC, authors analyzed the installation cost of SVC devices in USD, the cost of SVC in USD/KVAR and the average value of installation cost for given systems. Here, the voltage stability enhancement problem is solved applying Gravitational Search algorithm incorporating SVC. The following conditions are investigated with the incorporation of SVC: the role of SVC for improving the voltage profile, loss minimization and the approximate analysis on cost recovery and payback period with SVC in voltage stability enhancement problem. With this motivation, the location of SVC is finalized through weak bus identification methods. Voltage stability indices namely Fast Voltage Stability Index (FVSI) is utilized to identify weak buses in the systems. For calculation of the Size of SVC, an optimization routine Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA) is established. The main purpose of optimization is to minimize the FVSI. The proposed approach has been tested on three standard IEEE bus systems with different loading scenarios. General Terms: Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS), Marginal Cost, Voltage Stability Assessment, Static VAR Compensators.

Simultaneous detection of Lead and Cadmium using a composite of Zeolite Imidazole Framework and Reduced Graphene Oxide (ZIF-67/rGO) via electrochemical approach

Naini Garg,Akash Deep,Amit L Sharma 대한환경공학회 2023 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.28 No.4

Present work reports the application of a composite of ZIF-67/rGO for the simultaneous detection of traces of lead and cadmium via square wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV) technique. For this, graffoil sheets were modified with synthesized composite for the electrode fabrication [(ZIF-67/rGO)/Graffoil] for its use in sensing studies. The SWASV response of (ZIF-67/rGO)/Graffoil electrode was optimized against deposition potential (-1.0 V) and time (350 s), required for the accumulation of metal ions onto the sensor electrode. The performance of the sensing electrode was then evaluated for lead (Pb<SUP>2+</SUP>) and cadmium (Cd<SUP>2+</SUP>) ions at various concentrations. The sensor displayed linear response in a wide concentration range of 5-100 ppb. The peak current of the electrode was found to be shifted towards the higher potential at higher metal ion concentrations. Based on the response measured, the limit of detection (LOD) of the fabricated sensor has been estimated and found to be 5 and 2.93 ppb for Pb<SUP>2+</SUP> and Cd<SUP>2+</SUP> ions, respectively. The results obtained revealed good specificity of the proposed sensor towards Pb<SUP>2+</SUP> and Cd<SUP>2+</SUP> ions in the co-presence of several other ions. In addition, the sensor exhibited good reproducibility with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of ~2% for both Pb<SUP>2+</SUP> and Cd<SUP>2+</SUP> ions.

A novel CdTe/Eu-MOF photoanode for application in quantum dot-sensitized solar cell to improve power conversion efficiency

Rajnish Kaur,Amit L. Sharma,김기현,Akash Deep 한국공업화학회 2017 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.53 No.-

The quantum dots (QDs) and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as the efficient nanomaterials for light harvesting, photocatalysis, and photovoltaic applications. Here, the application of a composite of CdTe QDs with a europium-MOF was demonstrated as a novel photoanode to achieve the improvement in the short circuit current density from 19.8 (CdTe QD) to 28.45 mA/cm2 (CdTe QD/Eu- MOF). So does power conversion efficiency (PCE) between the former (1.67%) and the latter (3.02%). This 1.35% of difference (or absolute enhancement) in the PCE can be attributed to an enhanced surface area and increased photon absorption capacity.

Development of an advanced electrochemical biosensing platform for <i>E. coli</i> using hybrid metal-organic framework/polyaniline composite

Gupta, Arushi,Bhardwaj, Sanjeev K.,Sharma, Amit L.,Kim, Ki-Hyun,Deep, Akash Elsevier 2019 Environmental research Vol.171 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Because of numerous merits (e.g., the possibility of their synthesis in 1-D, 2-D, and 3-D forms, large surface-to-volume ratio, and flexible framework functionality), metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are envisaged as excellent media for the development of biosensors for diverse analytes present in environmental media. The present research work, for the first time, reports the development of a Cu-MOF based electrochemical biosensor for highly sensitive detection of <I>E. coli</I> bacteria. In order to realize an MOF-based electrochemically active platform, Cu<SUB>3</SUB>(BTC)<SUB>2</SUB> (BTC = 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid) was mixed with polyaniline (PANI). The spectroscopic/morphological characterizations of the resulting composite were established with the aid of FT-IR, UV–visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, and surface area analysis. The thin films of Cu<SUB>3</SUB>(BTC)<SUB>2</SUB>-PANI, on an indium-tin oxide (ITO) substrate, were bio-interfaced with anti-<I>E. coli</I> antibodies for use as a novel biosensing electrode. Based on the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) technique of signal measurement, the above sensor exhibited high sensitivity to detect very low concentrations of <I>E. coli</I> (2cfu/mL) in a short response time (~2 min) and was also selective in the presence of other non-specific bacteria. As a novel highlight of the research, this new MOF/PANI based detection platform for <I>E. coli</I> has shown improved performance than many of the previously reported electrochemical biosensors.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Cu<SUB>3</SUB>(BTC)<SUB>2</SUB>-PANI based electrochemical biosensor developed for <I>E. coli</I> bacteria. </LI> <LI> EIS based quantification offers highly sensitive detection with LOD of 2 cfu/mL. </LI> <LI> Detection is highly specific even in presence of other non-specific bacteria. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

A New Electrolytic Synthesis Method for Few-Layered MoS₂ Nanosheets and Their Robust Biointerfacing with Reduced Antibodies

Kukkar, Manil,Tuteja, Satish K.,Sharma, Amit L.,Kumar, Vinod,Paul, Ashok K.,Kim, Ki-Hyun,Sabherwal, Priyanka,Deep, Akash American Chemical Society 2016 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.8 No.26

<P>We report an efficient method for the synthesis of few-layered MoS2 nanosheets and demonstrate their application in the label-free detection of the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) cancer marker. As a novel strategy, the electro-dissolution of molybdenum metal sheets in the presence of Na+ and S2- ions led to the formation of Na+ intercalated MoS2. Further exfoliation by ultrasonication yielded the desired formation of few-layered MoS2 nanosheets. After comprehensive characterization, the synthesized MoS2 nanosheets were channeled in a field-effect transistor (FET) microdevice. Chemically reduced anti-PSA antibodies were immobilized on the MoS2 channel above the FET microdevice to construct a specific PSA immunosensor. The antibodies were deliberately reduced to expose the hinge-region disulfide bonds. This approach offered a robust and site-directed immunosensing device through biointerfacing of the sulfhydryl groups (SH) in the reduced antibody with the surface S atoms of MoS2. This device was validated as an effective immunosensor with a low detection limit (10(-5)ng/mL) over a wide linear detection range (10(-5) to 75 ng/mL).</P>

A comparison of femoral tunnel placement in ACL reconstruction using a 70° arthroscope through the anterolateral portal versus a 30° arthroscope through the anteromedial portal: a pilot 3D-CT study

Kosy Jonathan D.,Walmsley Katie,Sharma Akash D.,Gordon Elizabeth A.,Heddon Sadie V.,Anaspure Rahul,Schranz Peter J.,Mandalia Vipul I. 대한슬관절학회 2020 대한슬관절학회지 Vol.32 No.-

Background: Graft malposition is a risk factor for failure of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. A 70° arthroscope improves visualisation of the medial wall of the lateral femoral condyle without switching portals. We investigated whether the use of this arthroscope affected the accuracy and precision of femoral tunnel placement. Methods: Fifty consecutive adult patients were recruited. Following one withdrawal and two exclusions, 47 patients (30 in group 1 (70° arthroscope), 17 in group 2 (30° arthroscope)) underwent three-dimensional computed tomography imaging using a grid-based system to measure tunnel position. Results: No difference was found in the accuracy or precision of tunnels (mean position: group 1 = 33.3 ± 6.0% deep–shallow, 27.2 ± 5.2% high–low; group 2 = 31.7 ± 6.9% deep–shallow, 29.0 ± 6.2% high–low; not significant). A post-hoc power analysis suggests a study of 106 patients would be required. Conclusions: This pilot study suggests that tunnel position is not affected by the arthroscope used. An appropriately powered study could investigate this finding alongside other potential benefits of using a 70° arthroscope for this procedure.