Exogenous Silicon Application Alleviates Salt Stress in Okra

Tahira Abbas,Abdul Sattar,Muhammad Ijaz,Muhammad Aatif,Samina Khalid,Ahmad Sher 한국원예학회 2017 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.58 No.4

Salt stress is known to adversely affect a variety of processes in plants, inhibiting growth and decreasingcrop yield. Silicon (Si) protects plants against a variety of environmental stresses. In the present study, seedlings oftwo genotypes of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench; salt-tolerant OH-713 and salt-sensitive Okra-7080) weresubjected to four treatments; control (no NaCl or Si added), only Si (150 mg·L-1Si), only salinity (6.0 dS·m-1), orsalinity + Si, to observe their response at the morphological, physiological, and enzymatic level. The application ofSi in stressed okra cultivars led to significant improvements, including increasing the leaf area and leaf area index,decreasing the leaf water potential and osmotic potential, and enhancing the turgor potential and relative watercontents. It also increased the activity of the enzymatic antioxidants ascorbate peroxidase and guaiacol peroxidase, aswell as increasing nitrate reductase levels and activity. The suppressed concentrations of calcium (Ca) and magnesium(Mg) ions under salt stress were alleviated by the application of Si. The results of the current investigationsuggested that Si confers salt tolerance to okra, potentially by enhancing their water status, improving antioxidantactivity, and enhancing nitrogen metabolism.

Foliage applied proline induces salt tolerance in chili genotypes by regulating photosynthetic attributes, ionic homeostasis, and antioxidant defense mechanisms

Madiha Butt,Abdul Sattar,Tahira Abbas,Ahmad Sher,Muhammad Ijaz,Sami Ul-Allah,Muhammad Rashid Shaheen,Fawad Kaleem 한국원예학회 2020 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.61 No.4

Globally, soil salinity is a serious threat to horticultural crop productivity. Chili ( Capsicum annum L.) is a major spice horticulturalcrop. Its growth and production is severely aff ected by salt stress. To address this problem, a sand culture experimentwas conducted in which two contrasting chili genotypes ‘ Plahi ’ (salt tolerant) and ‘A-120’ (salt sensitive) were grown undersalt stress (50 mM NaCl) with foliar application of proline (0.8 mM). Proline application enhanced salt tolerance in bothgenotypes by osmoregulation of sodium and potassium. It enhanced chili growth and fruit yield by improving plant waterrelations and gas exchange attributes under salt stress. Antioxidants were increased with proline application under salt stress. There was also a signifi cant positive correlation found among glycinebetaine and proline contents. In conclusion, proteintreatedchili plants performed better than untreated plants as evidenced by normal function of photosynthetic machinery andantioxidant mechanisms under salt stress.

Assessment of Real Time, Multi-Satellite Precipitation Products under Diverse Climatic and Topographic Conditions

Muhammad Masood,Abdul Sattar Shakir,Aftab Hussain Azhar,Guhlam Nabi,Habib-u-Rehman 한국기상학회 2020 Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Vol.56 No.4

A preliminary assessment of real-time multi-satellite precipitation products, Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) IMERG real time (IMRT), TMPA 3B42 real time (TMPA), PERSIANN (PERS) and CMORPH (CMOR) was carried out in Pakistan on entire study area basis and by dividing the study area in to five regions. It is extended from 61o to 77o East and 23.5 o to 37 o North, with varied climatic and topographic conditions. In south coastline along the Arabian Sea, plateaus, deserts and plain areas in the center and in north snow caped mountains. A set of evaluating (continuous) statistical indices, correlation coefficient (CC), bias (Bias), root mean square error (RMSE) and detective (categorical) statistical indices, probability of detection (POD), false alarm ratio (FAR), critical success index (CSI) were applied to evaluate the satellite products against rain gauge data at daily time scales. However CC values were computed at monthly time scale and comparison between average annual values of satellite data and gauge values was also conducted. At annual basis significant resemblance was observed between spatial distribution of satellite and gauge data. At monthly time scale satellite products showed correlation in the range of 0.7 to 0.9 against reference data at major portion of the study area. But at daily time scale a weak correlation from 0.2 to 0.45, higher values of bias and RMSE in hilly terrains with highest average annual rainfall and the adjacent foot hill areas as compared to the plain areas, lower values of POD, CSI and higher values of FAR were observed. An inter comparison among the used satellite products revealed that overall performance of IMRT was better in the study area.

Depth Camera-Based Facial Expression Recognition System Using Multilayer Scheme

Siddiqi, Muhammad Hameed,Ali, Rahman,Sattar, Abdul,Khan, Adil Mehmood,Lee, Sungyoung Taylor Francis 2014 IETE TECHNICAL REVIEW Vol.31 No.4

A review on the properties and applications of chitosan, cellulose and deep eutectic solvent in green chemistry

Xin Xiong Chang,Nabisab Mujawar Mubarak,Shaukat Ali Mazari,Abdul Sattar Jatoi,Awais Ahmad,Mohammad Khalid,Rashmi Walvekar,E.C. Abdullah,Rama Rao Karri,M.T.H Siddiqui,Sabzoi Nizamuddin 한국공업화학회 2021 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.104 No.-

The concept of green chemistry has attracted attention due to the green synthesis and ecofriendly natureof the compounds leading to the green and sustainable chemical industries and processes. Chitosan is anecofriendly material, which is biodegradable, non-toxic, and biocompatible. It has the potential to bemodified into biofilms for various applications such as biomedical, packaging, and pharmaceutical fields. Nevertheless, some poor properties of chitosan restrict its wide applications. The incorporation ofnanocellulose fillers into chitosan matrix can enhance the mechanical and thermal properties of chitosan. Cellulose nanomaterials can be achieved through chemical and mechanical modifications. The commontype of nanocellulose are cellulose nanofibers (CNFs), cellulose nano-whiskers (CNWs), tunicate CNCs (t-CNCs), algae cellulose particles (AC) and bacterial cellulose particles (BC). Nanocellulose are applied asthe reinforcement fillers in various polymer matrices such as polysaccharides, proteins, lipids, polylacticacid etc. Deep eutectic solvents (DES) are relatively novel green solvents, which can be applied in variousfields. DES are widely applied in metal processing, polymer processing and synthesis. Even though thereare not much studies available on DES for synthesis of nanocomposite films; however they are used aseco-friendly solvents in manufacturing processes. This study reviews the discovery, structure, propertiesof chitosan and cellulose, their derivatives and applications. In addition, the paper also discusses theproperties of DES and their applications.

Flow Trends in River Chitral due to Different Scenarios of Glaciated Extent

Usman Ali Naeem,Hashim Nisar Hashmi,Habib-ur-Rehman,Abdul Sattar Shakir 대한토목학회 2013 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.17 No.1

Glaciers are considerably important machinery which is necessary to keep the equilibrium of the earth. The rapid boost in the mean temperatures of the globe and abnormal precipitations are the direct warnings for glaciers to survive. Mostly the perennial rivers of the world emerge from glaciers. In an agricultural country like Pakistan the existence of the glaciers is of prime importance. The major river of the country originates from the Himalayan and Karakorum glaciated mountains. River Indus is a vital example. Moreover the mega and world renowned Tarbela dam also exists on the same river. This can be surly concluded that the future of a country is directly associated with the flows available in the rivers and hence the existence of glaciers. The rapid disintegration of the glaciers has been reported throughout the world which is obviously not a healthy sign. Therefore, a careful study is required to estimate the variations of the flows with the receding glaciers. As a case study, Chitral watershed in Pakistan has been selected. The UBC watershed model has been used to forecast the flows. The model was calibrated for the daily flows observed in 2009 at Chitral stream gauging station. The percentage contributions to the total annual flow were simulated as 23%, 31%, 1% and 45% due to glacier melt, snow melt, rain-fall runoff and groundwater, respectively for year 2009. Model results were validated for the flows of year 2006 and 2007. The further analysis was performed by assuming reduction in glaciated areas and considering the climatological conditions same as observed in year 2009. The model results show that a significant decrease in the flows of Chitral River appears due to the assumed reduction of glaciated extent.

Ranking Sensitive Calibrating Parameters of UBC Watershed Model

Usman Ali Naeem,Habib-ur-Rehman,Hashim Nisar Hashmi,Abdul Sattar Shakir,Abdul Razzaq Ghumman,Muhammad Ali Shamim 대한토목학회 2015 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.19 No.5

Almost in all hydrological models, calibrating parameters are tuned to best match the simulated results with the observed. In the present study sensitivity analysis was carried on the fifteen calibrating parameters of University of British Columbia Watershed Model (UBCWM). The study focuses to impart information to the modelers while calibrating UBCWM. To achieve the objectives of the study, UBC Watershed Model was applied on Chitral watershed in Pakistan. UBC Watershed Model is a semi distributed Hydrological model which divides the entire watershed in several elevation bands. The model was calibrated for the year 2006 with the coefficient of efficiency as well as the coefficient of determination equal to 0.94. The numerical values of the calibrating parameters were changed by increasing 20% and then by decreasing 20% of the standard calibrated values one by one. Sensitivity of the model was evaluated by computing the Absolute Sensitivity Index for each parameter. The sensitivity analysis results showed that the P0SREPO as the most sensitive parameter with 3.31525 Absolute Sensitivity Index (ASI) whereas C0IMPA found to be least sensitive giving a value of 0.0452 as Absolute Sensitivity Index (ASI). The logical trends in the results of sensitivity analysis show the robustness of the model.

A review on recent advances in the treatment of dye-polluted wastewater

Maira Shabir,Muhammad Yasin,Murid Hussain,Iqrash Shafiq,Parveen Akhter,Abdul-Sattar Nizami,전병훈,Young-Kwon Park 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.112 No.-

The textile effluent has an unfavorable effect on the waterbodies as well as on the human health due tothe poor penetration of light by increased turbidity and higher oxygen demands. Therefore, the treatmentof dye-polluted wastewater is gaining an urgent attention. This review emphasizes on the sate-of-the-arttechnologies that have been developed for treating dye-polluted wastewater, including chemical, physical,and biological techniques alongside their benefits, challenges, and upcoming prospects. The studyconcludes that the single process alone may not be appropriate for the treatment of a range of dyepollutedwastewaters and approaching the quality demands as these technologies requires more timeand are complex. Literature exhibiting a range of approaches for treating large volumes of effluents withoutproducing secondary pollutants are reviewed. Moreover, the ecological impact was among the mainconcern due to the loss of catalysts and the production of waste sludge. On the other hand, reusability andregeneration are the integrated strategies to deal with such limitations. This review also provides adetailed environmental and techno-economic analysis, life cycle assessment, and practical implications. Moreover, the key bottlenecks requiring a major consideration concerning the universal appreciation ofhybrid frameworks are emphasized.

Impact of salicylic acid and calcium chloride on quality attributes of peach stored at refrigeration temperature

Nosheen Khalid,Shehla Sammi,Sumaira Miskeen,Imran Khan,Inam-u-llah,Muhammad Liaquat,Khurshid Anwar,Adnan Khan,Abdul Majeed Shah,Abdul Sattar Shah,Awatif Abid Mohammed Al-Judaibi,하재원,Muhammad Jahangir 한국식품과학회 2023 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.32 No.9

Salicylic acid (SA) in different concentration were used to assess its individual effect as well as combined impact with 3% calcium chloride (CaCl2) on Swat No. 8 variety of peach stored at refrigerated temperature (6 ± 2 °C) for 21 days. Interestingly, the results revealed that applying 2 mmol L−1 SA with 3% CaCl2 maintained maximum nutritional value and least decay percent (44.1%) as compared to other treatments during storage. Moreover, this combination also exhibited significant weight loss and chilling injury at 6 ± 2 °C whereas increased levels of total phenolic, flavonoids, tannin, alkaloid, ascorbic acid, and antioxidant activity were observed as compared to other treatments. The combination treatment (2 mmol L−1 SA with 3% CaCl2) maintained other sensory attributes of peach fruit during refrigerated storage, therefore, its commercial use was recommended to store peach fruit for up to three weeks without any significant nutritional and physical loss.