유비철석을 함유하는 황철석 약광물의 수치 후 비소 제거효과

황 정(Hwang Jeong),허순도(Hur Soon Do) 대한자원환경지질학회 2003 자원환경지질 Vol.36 No.6

황철석은 흔히 유비철석과 밀접히 공생하여 산출되므로 유비철석을 포함하는 황철석을 약광물로 이용할 때에는 비소의 독성에대한 세심한 주의가 필요하다 . 독성을 감소시키기 위해서는 약재를 가열하여 식초에담금질하는 전통적 초쉬법을 적용하여 왔다 . 초쉬법의 과학적 효과를 검토하기 위해 유비철석을 포함하는 황철석 약재를 450 o C, 650 o C 그리고 850 o C 각각의 온도에서 가열하여 식초에 담금질하는 과정을 5 회까지 반복하였다 . 약재 내 유비철석은 450 o C 에서 초쉬법을 5 회 실시하여도 잔존하나 , 650 o C 에서는 초쉬법을 1 회 실시하면 완전히 제거된다 . 450 o C 에서 수치된 약재에서는 비소가 상당량 함유되어 있으나 , 650 o C 와 850 o C 에서 수치된 약재에서는 비소함량이 급격히 감소한다 . 약재 로부터 수용액으로 용출되는 비소 용출량이 가장 적은 수치조건이 가장 효과적인 수치법일 것임을 전제로 비소 용출 실험을 실시하였다 . 수용액내 비소의 용출량은 450 o C 에 서 가장 높고 , 650 o C 와 850 o C 에서는 급격히 감소한다 . 그러나 850 o C 에서 수치된 약재의 비소 용출량도 음용수 수질기준을 초과한다 . 수치온도가 높을수록 유비철석의 제거가 증대 되고 약재 내 비소함량과 비소 용출량이 감소하나 , 수치횟수의 효과는 뚜렷하지 않다 . 수치횟수 보다는 수치온도가 상대적으로 비소제거에중요한 요인이며 , 비소제거를 위해서는 650 o C 이상의 온도에 서 황철석을 수치하는 것이 필요하다 . As pyrite is commonly associated with arsenopyrite, the use of pyrite including arsenopyrite for medicine requires close attention on arsenic toxicity. The toxicity was reduced by traditional processing operations include heating and quenching in vinegar. To verify the scientific effects of this process, pyrite containing many crystals of arsenopyrite was processed at temperatures from 450 o C to 850 o C and through as many as 5 processing cycles. Arsenopyrite completely disappeared when processed only once at 650 o C while it remained even after 5 processing cycles at 450 o C. Arsenic was most abundant in medicinal mineral samples processed at 450 o C and sharply decreased when processed at 650 o C or 850 o C. And arsenic extraction test in water was carried out from the processed pyrite medicine on the assumption that pyrite medicines with the lowest As metal content would be most desirable. Arsenic were most abundant in water extracted from medicinal mineral samples processed at 450 o C and sharply decreased when processed at 650 o C or 850 o C. But the extracted As concentrations in water exceeded drinking water standards even when processed at 850 o C. Increasing temperature promoted elimination of arsenopyrite and reduction of As in medicinal minerals and the extraction solutions. But the effects of processing cycles at the same processing temperature were not clear. Heating temperature is more important than number of processing cycles for the removal of arsenic, and it is necessary to heat pyrite to over 650 o C to remove it.

미얀마 NGO 활동가들의 젠더교육과 실천 - 까친주 활동가들의 경험을 중심으로

황정아 ( Hwang Jeong Ah ),신지원 ( Shin Julia Jiwon ) 부산대학교 여성연구소 2021 여성학연구 Vol.31 No.1

이 연구는 미얀마 까친주 지역 NGO 활동가들의 젠더교육 경험을 중심으로 지방, 소수민족 그리고 IDP 캠프라는 분쟁의 공간에서 실천되고 있는 젠더교육이 대도시인 양곤과 어떻게 연계되어 있고 어떠한 차이를 함의하고 있는지를 분석하고, 지역 내 젠더교육의 실천과정에서 지역활동가들이 겪는 문제를 조명한다. 이 연구는 또한 국제원조의 유입과 미얀마의 여성운동 안에서 이루어지고 있는 여성NGO의 젠더교육 확산과정을 탈식민주의 페미니즘의 맥락에서 분석한다. 135개의 소수민족이 연방을 이루고 있는 미얀마는 문화와 관습, 언어의 차이, 민족 간 분쟁으로 인해 여성운동 내부에서 차이의 문제는 민감하고 중요한 사안이다. 그러나 이 연구에서 살펴본 까친주에서 이루어지는 젠더교육은 지역, 계층, 민족, 분쟁, IDP와 같은 차이의 변수들이 충분히 다루어지지 않고, 국제사회의 여성개발담론의 틀 안에서 벗어나지 않는 보편적 권리담론에 치우쳐 탈정치화되어있다. 이는 국제사회의 성평등 원조사업이 양곤의 단체들의 주도하에 지역으로 전달되는 수직적 흐름과 연관되어 있다. 미얀마의 젠더교육은 서구의 발전담론의 틀과 민족국가의 제도 안에서 이루어지고 있으며, 지역활동가들은 복지서비스의 전달자로서 역할이 더 두드러져 보인다. 따라서 여성 억압의 교차적 요인들을 고려한 다양한 측면에서의 젠더교육이 요구된다. Based on the qualitative analysis of the experience of NGO activists in Kachin State, this study examines the process of expanding gender education of women's NGOs in Myanmar. It critically examines the ways in which gender educations are conducted in the various spaces of states, districts, and IDP camps, and connected to international organizations and a metropolitan city, Yangon. According to the findings of the study, gender education in Myanmar is depoliticized based on the universal rights discourse that does not sufficiently deal with the variables of differences among women, such as class, ethnicity, conflict situations and IDPs. This is related to the vertical flow of the international community's aid projects to the region, led by organizations in Yangon. Myanmar's gender education is being carried out within the framework of the Western development discourse and the system of the nation-state, and the local NGO’s role as a mere provider of welfare services appears to be more prominent. Gender education is, therefore, required to consider the intersectional factors of women's oppression, including localities, poverty, ethnicities, and socio-economic positions.

중증 지역사회획득 폐렴환자의 예후에 영향을 미치는 면역지표에 대한 연구

황재경 ( Hwang Jae Gyeong ),이호명 ( Lee Ho Myeong ),서일혜 ( Seo Il Hye ),남귀현 ( Nam Gwi Hyeon ),송광식 ( Song Gwang Sig ),박계영 ( Park Gye Yeong ),박정웅 ( Park Jeong Ung ),박재경 ( Park Jae Gyeong ),정성환 ( Jeong Seong H 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2001 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.50 No.4

백년초의 PC-12 신경세포 보호 및 콜린가수분해효소(cholinesterase) 저해 효과

황정승(Jeong-Seung Hwang),임성빈(Sungbin Im),이인일(Inil Lee),김태락(Tae-Rahk Kim),김대옥(Dae-Ok Kim) 한국식품과학회 2016 한국식품과학회지 Vol.48 No.1

백년초를 80% (v/v) 에탄올-물 혼합용액으로 추출하여 총페놀 함량, 총플라보노이드 함량, 산화방지능, 신경세포 보호효과, AChE 및 BChE 활성저해능을 평가하였다. 백년초 100 g FW당 총페놀함량은 409.9 mg GAE, 총플라보노이드 함량은 72.2 mg CE이었다. 백년초(100 g FW)의 산화방지능은 ABTS, DPPH, ORAC법에서 각각 381.2, 298.2, 3,219.9 mg VCE였다. 백년초 추출물은 H₂O₂의 산화 스트레스로부터 세포 내 산화 스트레스를 감소시켜 신경세포 PC-12의 생존율을 농도의존적으로 증가시켰다. 또한, 백년초 추출물은 AChE 및 BChE 활성을 저해하였다. 본 연구 결과로부터 백년초의 세포 내 산화 스트레스 감소에 의한 신경 세포 보호능과 AChE 및 BChE 저해능이 확인 되었으며, 이러한 결과를 통해 향후 백년초를 이용한 기능성 제품 및 여러 가공품 개발에 활용이 가능할 것으로 기대한다. Oxidative stress caused by reactive oxygen species is ascribed to many neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s disease. Phenolic antioxidants can reduce the oxidative stress. In this study, ripe fruits of Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten (OFS) were extracted using 80% (v/v) aqueous ethanol. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the OFS fruits (100 g) were 409.9 mg gallic acid equivalents and 72.2 mg catechin equivalents, respectively. The OFS fruits had antioxidant capacity at 381.2, 298.2, and 3,219.9 mg vitamin C equivalents/100 g in ABTS, DPPH, and ORAC assays, respectively. The OFS fruits showed protective effects on PC-12 cells against oxidative stress in a dose-dependent manner, partly due to decrease of intracellular oxidative stress. Furthermore, the OFS fruits inhibited both acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase. Consequently, these results suggest that the OFS fruits might be served as a source of functional materials to reduce oxidative stress in neuronal cells and to inhibit cholinesterases.

STAD 협동 학습이 초등학생의 듣기ㆍ말하기에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

황미정(Hwang Mi-Jeong),차경애(Cha Kyung-Ae) 한국초등영어교육학회 2006 초등영어교육 Vol.12 No.2

Although cooperative learning has been widely recognized to be a highly effective instructional approach, there have not been many studies suggesting approaches to implementing it in an EFL classroom. The purpose of this study is to explore the effect of STAD cooperative learning as part of the cooperative learning methods on the listening and speaking skills of elementary school students. The subjects for this study were forty students in the third grade selected from a private elementary school located in Seoul. The lessons were given four hours a week according to a differentiated method for two months. The results revealed statistically significant positive effects of STAD cooperative learning. First, there was a significant difference in the listening skills between the two groups. It was shown that small group work enhanced promotive interaction and positive interdependence. Second, there was also a significant difference in the speaking skills between the two groups. Throughout the experimental procedure, the group work improved not only the quantity of students" conversation skills, but also its quality through a process of peer collaboration.

의료 및 실생활에 활용 가능한 뇌파 응용 개발

황한정(Han-Jeong Hwang) 대한인간공학회 2021 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2021 No.6

세계 교회사 속의 한국 교회

황정욱(Jeong-Uck Hwang) 연세대학교 신과대학(연합신학대학원) 2011 신학논단 Vol.66 No.-

Until the 18th century Korea remained, for the most part, unknown to Europeans for many reasons: First, Korea was acessible via the land route, but due to high mountains and wild beasts there the land journey was very dangerous. The journey by sea route was more dangerous than by land. Second, Korea was known as a barbaric country which neither permitted the foreigners to enter nor the shipwrecked strangers to return to their homeland. Third, Korea was said to make no dealings with countries except China and Japan. Missionaries thought that it was very difficult and dangerous to enter Korea. Therefore Korea was isolated internationally for a long time. Only the negative rumors about Korea were spreaded in Europe. Even into the first half of the 20th century Korea was not properly known to the Westerners. Martino Martini’s work had exerted a great influence on the later writers, before Dallet’s work was published. Although Martini’s informations on the Korean church relied completely on the hearsay in China and was, therefore, incorrect, they were often cited by writers before Dallet. They described Korea as the vassal country of China and the Korean missions as an appendix to those of China. Some writers of the 19th century believed that Korea was evangelized by the Japanese in the end of 16th century. Although the theory of the origins from Japan was refuted by Dallet, even some writers of the 20th century were inclined to think that Korea must have been evangelized by foreign missionaries in China or Japan. The above mentioned theory was embraced especially by those writers who wrote about the Korean church in the time of annexation by Japan (i. e. Pichon, Latourette, Laures). Since Dallet’s monograph appeared, most works written by the Westerners have dealt with Korean missions as a mere appendix to the Chinese or Japanese missions (Dallet’s work being the notable exception). Dallet relied mainly on reports, letters and the opinions of French missionaries. Writers after Dallet relied primarily on Dallet’s work and other reports by missionaries. Therefore their descriptions on the Korean church were necessarily swayed by the opinions of missionaries. All the missionaries who visited Korea from the end of the 19th until the first half of the 20th century, both Catholic and Protestant, were the representatives of the mission civilisatrice. The works written in European languages by the Koreans were rare, until L’erection du premier vicariat apostolique by A. Choi appeared. In 1927 R.-J. Paik submitted The History of Protestant mission in Korea, 1832-1919 as a doctorate thesis to the University Yale. But his work has been hardly noticed by the Western scholars. I as a Korean believe that our duty in the future is to write the church history of Korea in Western languages so that the Westerners may better understand their Korean brothers and sisters than before. The history is part of a deeper understanding of our fellow Christians and their experience through history. Until the 18th century Korea remained, for the most part, unknown to Europeans for many reasons: First, Korea was acessible via the land route, but due to high mountains and wild beasts there the land journey was very dangerous. The journey by sea route was more dangerous than by land. Second, Korea was known as a barbaric country which neither permitted the foreigners to enter nor the shipwrecked strangers to return to their homeland. Third, Korea was said to make no dealings with countries except China and Japan. Missionaries thought that it was very difficult and dangerous to enter Korea. Therefore Korea was isolated internationally for a long time. Only the negative rumors about Korea were spreaded in Europe. Even into the first half of the 20th century Korea was not properly known to the Westerners. Martino Martini’s work had exerted a great influence on the later writers, before Dallet’s work was published. Although Martini’s informations on the Korean church relied completely on the hearsay in China and was, therefore, incorrect, they were often cited by writers before Dallet. They described Korea as the vassal country of China and the Korean missions as an appendix to those of China. Some writers of the 19th century believed that Korea was evangelized by the Japanese in the end of 16th century. Although the theory of the origins from Japan was refuted by Dallet, even some writers of the 20th century were inclined to think that Korea must have been evangelized by foreign missionaries in China or Japan. The above mentioned theory was embraced especially by those writers who wrote about the Korean church in the time of annexation by Japan (i. e. Pichon, Latourette, Laures). Since Dallet’s monograph appeared, most works written by the Westerners have dealt with Korean missions as a mere appendix to the Chinese or Japanese missions (Dallet’s work being the notable exception). Dallet relied mainly on reports, letters and the opinions of French missionaries. Writers after Dallet relied primarily on Dallet’s work and other reports by missionaries. Therefore their descriptions on the Korean church were necessarily swayed by the opinions of missionaries. All the missionaries who visited Korea from the end of the 19th until the first half of the 20th century, both Catholic and Protestant, were the representatives of the mission civilisatrice. The works written in European languages by the Koreans were rare, until L’erection du premier vicariat apostolique by A. Choi appeared. In 1927 R.-J. Paik submitted The History of Protestant mission in Korea, 1832-1919 as a doctorate thesis to the University Yale. But his work has been hardly noticed by the Western scholars. I as a Korean believe that our duty in the future is to write the church history of Korea in Western languages so that the Westerners may better understand their Korean brothers and sisters than before. The history is part of a deeper understanding of our fellow Christians and their experience through history.

경주지역 주민들의 약선요리 이용형태에 관한 연구

황영정(Young Jeong Hwang),김경모(Kyoung Myo Kim) 한국조리학회 2013 한국조리학회지 Vol.19 No.1

The purpose of this study is to examine medicinal food consumption patterns focusing on the consumers living in Gyeongju area, and it attempts to provide database about developing medicinal food products as tourist attractions grounded on the results. For this study, the data was analyzed using SPSS WIN 20.0 for an empirical analysis. Moreover, the survey questions were sent out to 300 people, and total 256 copies of questionnaire were returned for the sample data. For the result that It will have a significant impact on the selecting attributes of medicinal food according to gender, there was a meaningful difference between gender on the average cost. For the result that It will have a significant impact on the selecting attributes of medicinal food according to marital status, there was a significant difference between married and single for comparing tastes. For the result that It will have a significant impact on the selecting attributes of medicinal food according to age, there was a meaningful difference on the degree of awareness, comparing tastes, and comparing health. For the result that It will have a significant impact on the selecting attributes of medicinal food according to occupation and education, there was a meaningful difference on the degree of awareness. Based on the results of this study, medicinal restaurants should offer various menu items and services to prepare methods to remind consumers of their professionalism in order to enhance competitive power of medicinal food.

성인에서 발생한 비장의 림프관종

황정기(Jeong Kye Hwang),김기환(Kee Hwan Kim),서학준(Hak Jun Seo),김지일(Ji Il Kim),김정수(Jeong Soo Kim),유승진(Seong Jin Yoo),구영미(Young Mi Ku),장은덕(Eun Deok Chang),임근우(Keun Woo Lim) 대한외과학회 2005 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.68 No.1

850℃에서의 Alloy 617 용접재의 저사이클 피로 거동

황정준(Jeong-Jun Hwang),김선진(Seon-Jin Kim),김태수(Tae-Su Kim),랜도디와(Rando Tunnga Dewa),김우곤(Woo-Gon Kim),김응선(Eung-Seon Kim) 대한기계학회 2016 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2016 No.4