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홍민 통일연구원 2006 統一 政策 硏究 Vol.15 No.2
The Market Exchange Order and Amoral Familism in North KoreaSince the 1990s, North Korea has been faced with social changes. In conjunction with these changes, this study aims to examine characteristics of market exchanges and social relations. In this study, I refer to Karl Polanyi’s concept of ‘reciprocity,’ ‘redistribution,’ and ‘market,’ as three possible patterns of allocation.In the socialist societies including North Korea, resources were allocated by the principles of redistribution and reciprocity. Also, these societies were organized on the basis of a hierarchical order integrated by the mechanism of a political appropriation and a redistribution, chains of personal dependencies (nomenklatura) and reciprocity relations based on the exchange of favors. The state apparatus was organized on the basis of a hierarchy of status. Status order was defined by the institution of the nomenklatura. Nomenklatura meant the list of available positions within the bureaucratic system. The mechanism of political redistribution served the state employees who pursued for their own economic interests and thereby reproduced the centralist structure and hierarchy.Since the 1990s, in North Korea, these niches and personal network have occupied more space, particularly in the economic terms, within the informal exchanges system and within the reciprocity relations. The characters of social relations can be described as a fragmented morality and an ‘amoral familism.’ The amoral familism does not mean that people are immoral, but refers to as a tribal mentality that perceives social relations as the only personal relations and the structures as the social world with a dichotomy of us and ‘strangers.’ In North Korea, the amoral familism is a mirror for understanding the appropriation of market exchange within the social exchange order.
Analysis and Evaluation for Constraint Enforcement System
홍민,박두순,최유주,Hong, Min,Park, Doo-Soon,Choi, Yoo-Joo The Korea Society for Simulation 2009 한국시뮬레이션학회 논문지 Vol.18 No.2
Stable and effective constraint enforcement system is one of the crucial components for physically-based dynamic simulations. This paper presents analysis and evaluation for traditional constraint enforcement systems(Lagrange Multiplier method, Baumgarte stabilization method, Post-stabilization method, Implicit constraint enforcement method, Fast projection method) to provide a guideline to users who need to integrate a suitable constraint enforcement system into their dynamic simulations. The mathematical formulations for traditional constraint enforcement systems are presented in this paper. This paper describes a summary of evaluation which consists of constraint error comparison, computational cost, and dynamic behavior analysis to verify the efficiency of each traditional constraint enforcement system.
반응표면분석법을 이용한 흰목이버섯의 기능성 성분 추출 조건 최적화
홍민,최다혜,한준희,권태형,이선엽,이용진,유근형 한국버섯학회 2020 한국버섯학회지 Vol.18 No.4
Snow fungus (Tremella fuciformis) with functional contents has satisfactory effects on various diseases, including atherosclerosis, high cholesterol, healthy skin, cancer, diabetes, and anti-inflammation. In this study, the extraction yield and functional contents (ergothioneine and β-glucan) of white jelly fungus were compared based on the extraction conditions using response surface methodology. Results revealed the extraction conditions for optimization of the dependent variables to be 60oC and 4.33 h, when 16.6 mg/mL of sample concentration was used. Under these conditions, the extraction yield was 24.9%, including ergothioneine (66.8 μg/g) and β-glucan (34.9 g/100 g). These results can be useful in understanding the functional ingredients and mass extraction process in mushroom.