재하속도가 철근 콘크리트 보-기둥 접합부의 거동에 미치는 영향

정란,조동철,박현수 대한건축학회 1988 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.8 No.2

분석/설계 패턴의 재사용을 위한 Analogical Matching 기법에 관한 연구

정란,Jeong, Ran 한국정보과학회 소프트웨어공학 소사이어티 1998 소프트웨어공학회지 Vol.11 No.1

보수 부위의 깊이, 폭에 따른 보수 성능 비교

정란,정상진,임남기,백민수,김연경,이영도,최옹규 대한건축학회 1997 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.17 No.1

대형판조립식 구조 수직.수평접합부의 전단강도에 미치는 보강방법의 영향-수직접합부 및 슬래브-슬래브 수평접합부를 중심으로-

정란,박현수,조승호,Chung, Lan,Park, Hyun-Soo,Cho, Seung-Ho 한국콘크리트학회 1996 콘크리트학회지 Vol.8 No.4

PC판넬 조립식 구조의 수직.수평접합부의 유용한 접합형태에 따라 접합부 전단내력을 상승시킬 수 있는 접합부 설계의 기본 형태를 제시하는데 연구의 목적이 있다. 시험체는 수직접합부의 경우 전단키의 개수 및 보강철물의 종류에 변수를 주고 수평접합부의 경우에는 전단키의 갯수 및 가력방향에 변수를 주어 총 22개의 시험체를 제작하여 실험하였다. 결론적으로 수직접합부의 경우, 수평보강철물이 있는 시험체는 기존의 다른 실험결과와 마찬가지로 수평보강철물이 없는 시험체에 비하여 연성이 크게 나타났다. EH한 와이어로프와 원형철근 두 종류의 보강철물을 사용하여 실험한 결과 와이어 로프를 사용한 시험체는 원형철근을 사용한 시험체와 최대내력 및 전단강성 등 전체적인 구조거동이 거의 비슷하게 나타났다. A proposal of the basic fbrm on the design of joint parts that can increase the shear strength by the useful joint shapes of each member is intended. The vertical joint parameters are the number of' shear key and a variety of' reinfbrcement details and the horizontal joint paramctcrs arc t,hc number of shear key and the direction of' shear f'orcc. 10 PC panel vortical joint arid 12 PC panel horizontal joint specimens were tested to investigate the effects of these parameters. Test results show that : 1. The ductility of the test specimen that has the horizontal reinforcing steels is larger than that does not have. 2. The maximum resisting force of round bar specimen is similar to that of strand wire specimen under the condition of fixed horizontal displacement.

대형판 조립식 구조 수직접합부 지압강도 평가에 관한 연구

정란,조승호,황민하,Chung, Lan,Cho, Seung-Ho,Hwang, Min-Ha 한국콘크리트학회 1996 콘크리트학회지 Vol.8 No.4

PC판넬 조립식 구조는 다양한 접합부 상세로 인하여 구조적인 거동 규명이 매우 어려우므로 패널 상호 접합부 거동에 대하여 역학적 거동을 규명하고 이를 정립하여 실용적인 설계 방안이 제시되어야 할 필요가 있다. 이 연구는 대형판 조립식 구조의 수직접합부 전단키의 적절한 형상을 제안하여 전단내력을 결정하는 식 중 일반적으로 가장 작게 계산되는 전단키의 지압내력에 관한 식을 개선하는데 연구의 목적이 있다. 전단키 지압내력에 영향을 주는 그라우트의 압축 가도, 전단키의 각도 및 지압면적 등을 변수로 총 21개의 시험체를 제작하여 실험하였다. 실험결과를 분석.검토한 결과를 정리하면 그라우트의 압축 강도가 증가할 때에 지압내력은 강도 증가에 비례하여 증가하는 반면 지압면적에 대하여는 면적 증가에 비례하여 강도가 증가되지는 않았다. 또한 전단키를 이루는 각도는 지압내력에 중요한 영향을 미치며 전단키 각도가 $20^{\circ}$에 근접할 때에 최대지압내력값을 나타내었다. It is well-known that the hearing strength in vertical joints of precast concrete large panel system is affected by grout compressive strength angle of shear key and bearing area. 21 vertical joint specimens were tested to investigate the effects of these parameters The analysis of test results shows that : 1. The higher be grout compressive strength, the higher will shear strength be. And the bearing strength does not so increase in proportion of bearing area. 2. The shear key with the angle of $20^{\circ}$shows the highest bearing strength among three angle variables of $20^{\circ}$, $25^{\circ}$, $30^{\circ}$.

재생에너지 보조금과 WTO 보조금협정의 ‘특정성’ 원칙

정란 국제법평론회 2020 국제법평론 Vol.0 No.57

As climate change threatens to become a major global problem, many governments are adopting a variety of measures to reduce green house gases. The conclusion of the Paris Agreement would spark a new climate regime and also participate the enactment and implementation by each country of additional measures to battle climate change. Renewable energy is a key tool in the fight against climate change. Governments are eager to reduce reliance on fossil fuels which release carbon dioxide. Thus, governments are implementing various renewable energy subsidy policies. Because of the specific features of electricity and the nature of electricity markets, government intervention will be necessary in order to secure an electricity supply that is safe and sustainable. The WTO’s Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures (“SCM Agreement”) regulates subsidies at the international level. These Agreement seeks to avoid or limit the market-distorting effects of protectionists policies. Recently, a growing number of countries have alleged that other countries’ renewable energy support programs constitute illegal subsidies under the SCM Agreement. Governments depend on the interpretation of the WTO Dispute Settlement Body (“WTO DSB”) to formulate and implement renewable energy policies in a manner that does not cause disputes with other countries in violation of SCM Agreement. This is why WTO panel and Appellate Body reports have important implications as to whether renewable energy subsidies can play a role to mitigate global warming. Although Canada-Renewable Energy / Feed-in Tariff Program case shed some light on the relationship between renewable energy programs and the SCM Agreement, the extent to which the SCM Agreement regulates governmental-sponsored renewable energy programs remains highly uncertain. As of July 2019, the WTO’s adjudicatory bodies have never found that the SCM Agreement regulates government-sponsored renewable energy support programs. Today, governments generally do not know whether or not their renewable energy subsidies violate the SCM Agreement, on which only subsidies specifically within the meaning of Article 2 SCM Agreement can be subject to the discipline on the agreement. Therefore, the understanding and application of the “specificity” play key roles in order to achieve effective and sound implementation of multilateral subsidy discipline. WTO panels and the appellate body have determined “specificity” as a unit of “subsidy program”. Most of the renewable energy subsidies will be deemed specific if the determination of their specificity is based on each law or regulation. This is caused by the dominance of fossil fuels in the energy industry and the fact that most forms of renewable energy subsidies are producer/production subsidies. Unfortunately, the SCM Agreement does not include any exceptions to these programs. Under such circumstances, a practical solution should be found within the existing framework and be derived from an interpretation of the present SCM Agreement. Therefore, the WTO DSB should fully consider the value and significance of renewable energy subsidies as countermeasures against climate change in interpreting the “subsidy programme” in Article 2(1)(c) of the SCM Agreement. The interpretation of the WTO covered agreement is governed by Articles 31 to 33 of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties (“VCLT”). Article 3(2) of the Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes(“DSU”) provides that the WTO DSB role is to clarify the existing provisions of those agreements in accordance with customary rules of public international law interpretation. Article 1.1(a)(1)(iii) of the SCM Agreement explicitly excludes the provision of ‘general infrastructure’ from the definition of the ‘financial contribution by the government’. As it is properly interpreted and considered as the ‘context’ of a treaty, t...

초고층 빌딩 건설에 적용되는 콘크리트 미래기술

정란,박태원,한주연 한국콘크리트학회 2019 콘크리트학회지 Vol.31 No.6

건축물의 구조안전을 위한 제언

정란,Jeong, Ran 한국건축구조기술사회 2004 건축구조 Vol.11 No.2

자동 지식 추출을 위한 대안

鄭蘭 三陟大學校 1995 論文集 Vol.28 No.1

Knowledge acquisition process is the biggest bottleneck in the development of expert systems. So, alternative methods of knowledge acquisition process are required. This paper deals with reviews for some indirect knowledge acquisition methods. They are multidimensional scaling, hierarchical clustering, general weighted networks, ordered trees, repertory grid analysis, ID3 algorithm. Also, This paper deals with reviews for some automated knowledge acquisition procedure recently proposed. They include following concepts. ·Building a knowledge base through natural language text analysis ·Knowledge acquisition process from database ·Acquisition of knowledge from form document

반복하중을 받는 철근의 부착 응력도에 관한 실험적 연구

정란,박현수,조동철 단국대학교 신소재기술연구소 1991 신소재 Vol.1 No.-

지진하중에 대한 철근콘크리트 구조물의 거동을 예측하기 위해 지금까지 진행하였던 많은 실험들이 단순증가 반복하중을 작용시키고 있다. 그러나 실제 지진에 의해 발생되는 하중은 불규칙 반복하중으로써 이전까지 관례적으로 행해졌던 규칙적인 단순증가 반복하중에 의한 실험결과가 얼마만큼 신빙성이 있는가를 검토할 필요가 있다. 본 연구에서는 지진하중에 대한 실험에서는 어떠한 하중을 가져야 실제 거동과 근사한 결과를 얻을 수 있는가를 예측하기 위하여 철근콤크리트 구조물의 구조적 취약부분인 보-기둥 접합부에 규칙적인 단순증가 반복하중과 불규칙 반복하중을 작용시켜 접합부의 부착응력도의 분포를 비교 분석하였다. The prediction and estimation of R/C structure behavlor subjected to earthquake type loading is partly based on the experimental results of the monotonically increased cyclic loading, rather than that of the irregularly increased cyclic loading. However, actual earthquake is typical random vibration. In this respect, comparing and analysing experimental test results of R/C specimens subjected to monotonically increased cyclic loading and irrcgularly increased cyclic loading, this study proposes the research direction of irregularly increased cyclic loading during earthquake.