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흰쥐에서의 관상동맥 결찰/재관류도 유도된 심근경색에 대한 칼륨통로 개방제 KR-30450의 약리학적 효과
이재흥(Jae Heung Lee),권광일(Kwang Il Kwon),신화섭(Hwa Sup Shin) 대한약학회 1997 약학회지 Vol.41 No.1
The pharmacological effects of benzopyran potassium channel openers (lemakalim, KR-30450 and KR-30818) on the occlusion/reperfusion-induced myocardial infarction were investigated. In anesthetized rats, subjected to 45-min occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) followed by 90-min reperfusion, the infarct size was measured by calculating the ratio of infarct zone to area at risk (IZ/AAR) with the Evans blue/TTC technique. Rats were intravenously given vehicle (1% DMSO), lemakalim, KR-30450, and KR-30818 alone or in combination with a selective KATP blacker glibenclamide, 30 min prior to coronary occlusion. Compared to vehicle, lemakalim (30 mcg/kg i.v.), the active enantiomer of cromakalim, had a tendancy to decrease infarct size. KR-30450(30 mcg/kg, i.v.). the newly synthetized potassium channel openers (PCOs), caused a reduction of infarct size (from 70+/-4%to 57+/-5%). but KR-30818 (30mcg/kg, i.v.), a metabolite of KR-30450. did not modify infarct size. It seem ed likely that glibenclamide (0.3mcg/kg, i.v.), given in combination, reduced the effects of these PCOs, especially KR-30450 (30mcg/kg, i.v.) on the infarct size. These results indicate that. in the coronary occluded rat model of ischemia, lemakalim and KR-30450 may exert cardioprotective activity through a reduction of infarct size, the effect being considered related to the opening of KATP channel.
델파이 기법을 활용한 대학의 기술료 사용제도 개선방안 연구
이재흥(Jae-Heung Lee),신준우(Jun-Woo Shin) 한국기술혁신학회 2013 기술혁신학회지 Vol.16 No.1
본 연구는 자체 연구재원 확보 및 연구역량 확충을 위해 기술료의 정부 반납제도 폐지(2008년)에 따라 기술료 사용의 재량권이 확대된 대학의 기술료 사용 현황을 진단하고, 기술료 제도의 의의라 할 수 있는 연구개발 선순환 관점에서 기술료 사용제도 개선방안을 모색해 보고자 각 대학 산학협력단에 근무하는 기술료 징수ㆍ관리 전문가 등을 대상으로 델파이 기법을 활용하여 조사하였다. 참여연구원 보상금 지급기준 미비 및 극히 소수(교수 중심)에 대한 보상금 지급, 연구개발 재투자 소홀, 각 부처기술료 규정 상이 등이 문제점으로 조사되었는데, 이에 대해, ① 과도한 수준의 참여연구원 보상금사용비율 축소, ② 기술이전ㆍ사업화 기여자에 대한 보상금 사용비율 확대 및 보상금 지급에 대한 교수 등 이해관계자들의 인식전환 노력, ③ 연구개발 재투자 규모 확대, ④ 각 부처의 기술료 사용기준 통일 및 대학 자체의 기술료 사용기준(학칙) 구체화, ⑤ 기술료 사용 우선순위 제도화 등 제도적 보완이 필요하다. 본 연구결과 도출된 기술료 사용 문제점 및 개선방안을 토대로 대학의 기술료 사용제도가 대학의 재정확충을 통해 자체 연구역량을 강화할 수 있는 방향으로 정착되기를 기대한다. In this paper, problems with the Korean system regulating the use of university royalties are identified and investigated in order to suggest measures to improve the system in a way that provides a better R&D environment at universities. The Delphi technique was used to gather data from royalty specialists at universities and government ministries. The first Delphi survey conducted used open questions to identify problems in the use of university royalties. Then, closed questions were used for the second Delphi survey. The number of responses and the frequency of answers were analyzed after the first survey, and validity, stability, and reliability analyses were conducted for the second survey. The measures suggested to improve the system regulating the use of university royalties are as follows: First, bonuses for researchers, which are currently 50% or more of collected royalties, need to be decreased, as they are rather high compared to similar bonuses in developed countries, which are around 30% of collected royalties. The guideline for limiting the bonuses, which is explained as XX% or less of collected royalties, is suggested to prevent the excessive use of royalties. Second, rewards for those who contribute to technology transfer and commercialization should be increased. It is also important to build a consensus around the need to reward those who contribute to technology transfer and commercialization. Third, the scale of re-investment into R&D needs to increase. Regulations on royalties should be meaningfully applied to create a positive feedback structure for R&D, which can be described as the process of research, R&D outcomes, technology transfer, collecting royalties, rewarding researchers, and re-investing in R&D. To build a university’s R&D capability, re-investment into R&D needs to be regularized as XX% or more of royalties. Fourth, regulations on the royalties of ministries and universities need to be unified. Each category for using royalties needs to be regularized, with detailed matters such as the guideline, process and method for using royalties specified. Also, universities need to make their own specific regulations. Fifth, specific priorities on the use of royalties need to be suggested. Regulation is necessary for the categories that do not have guideline and priorities for the use of royalties. It is hoped that the findings of this research will contribute to reinforcing the R&D capability of universities.
1950년에서 2016년까지 한국에서 발표된 기공관련 연구 동향
이재흥(Jae Heung Lee),백지유(Ji You Beag),조민군(Min Gun Cho),정재훈(Jae Hun Jung),이은미(Eun Mi Lee),안훈모(Hun Mo Ahn) 대한의료기공학회 2018 醫療氣功 Vol.18 No.1
Objective : The purpose of this study is to understand trends of “Gi-Gong" related studies from 1950 to 2016 and to help guide the research direction of Gigong study. Methods : The computerized Korean database was searched from 1950 to 2016. The search terms used were only Korean language terms such as ‘기, ‘기공’, ‘도인’, ‘명상’, ‘생체에너지', ‘수련’, '양생'. Results : 1. A total of 310,184 (155,565(1950~2007) + 13,705(2016) + 140,914(2008~2016)) studies were searched in this study. A total of 6,240 studies were finally selected as Gigong related studies. 2. In the results according to the Main Subject Categories(KCI;Korea Citation Index), the ‘Humanities’ was the largest with 2,686 studies and the ‘Marine Agriculture, Fishery’ was the least with 10 studies. 3. In the results according to the Middle Subject Categories(KCI;Korea Citation Index), the ‘Philosophy’ was the largest with 1,014(16.26%) studies. 4. A result of the Gigong Categories showed that the ‘Philosophy of Gi’ was the highest with 2,151(33.82%) not including duplication. 5. As a result of Research Method, the most frequently used method was ‘Analysis Research’ with 4,199(67.33%) studies. 6. In the author search, 'Kim Nak Pil' was searched 112 times and was the most.. 7. The journal that published the most relevant studies with Gigong was 『Conference Proceedings OF The Korean Society OF Jungshin Science』 (189), and the university that had the largest number of studies related to Gigong was ‘Wonkwang University’(212). Conclusions : 1. The number of Gigong related studies had increased rapidly from the late 1990s to the early 2000s, and reached to a peak in 2007 and has been gradually increasing since 2008. 2. The three major academic fields of Gigong related studies are Thought Field, Korean Medicine Field, and Kinesic Field. 3. In the Gigong related studies, the best authority is 'Kim Nak-pil' and the most active academy is the ‘Korean Society OF Jungshin Science’. 4. Although most categories of Gigong have been generally studied evenly, studies on External Gi Therapy and Taoist Sexual Practices are very insufficient.