도시민의 도시농업 경험이 농촌체험관광에 미치는 영향

이인환,이효정,이슬비,전인철,김용근,Lee, In-Hwan,Lee, Hyo-Jeong,Lee, Seul-Bi,Jeon, In-Cheol,Kim, Yong-Geun 한국조경학회 2012 韓國造景學會誌 Vol.40 No.6

본 연구는 도시민 중 도시농업을 경험한 집단과 경험하지 않은 집단 간의 농촌체험관광 참여의사와 인식차이에 관한 연구로 도시농업의 경험유무를 구분하고 농촌체험관광의 참여의사, 참여이유, 불참이유, 긍정적 이미지, 부정적 이미지를 파악하고자 하였다. 도시농업의 비경험자와 경험자 간 비교분석을 하기위해 서울시 우수텃밭농장과 도심지 여가공간을 방문한 수도권 도시민을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 도시농업 경험자들은 비경험자들에 비해 상대적으로 농촌체험관광 참여의지가 높지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 농촌체험관광이 가지고 있는 도시와 다른 자연환경과 자녀교육효과를 가장 큰 목적으로 두고 있다고 나타났다. 셋째, 바쁜 일상생활 때문이라는 응답이 농촌체험관광 불참이유의 대부분인 것을 알 수 있었다. 넷째, 농촌체험관광에 대한 긍정적 이미지는 전반적으로 수긍하였고, 특히 집단 간 비교하였을 때 작물재배 및 도시와 다른 자연환경에 대한 인식차이를 보였다. 다섯째, 농촌체험관광의 부정적 이미지로 집단 간 낯선 환경, 흥밋거리 부족, 농촌마을을 방문하는데 많은 시간과 비용이 필요하다는 인식차이를 가지고 있었다. 따라서 본 연구는 도시민들이 생각하고 있는 농촌체험관광에 대한 인식을 확인할 수 있었으며, 도시농업 경험 유무에 따라 참여의사에 부정적인 영향을 주고 있음을 밝혀냈다는 점에서 연구의 의의를 가지고 있다고 할 수 있겠다. The purpose of this study were to classify the Y/N in participating the urban farming and to analyze the intention in farm village experience tourism, reason to participate and non-participation, the positive image and negative image between the urbanite group experience in urban farming and the other group that does not experience it. Questionnaire was implemented to the metropolitan urbanite who visited exemplary field farmhouse and urban recreation space to analyze the comparison of groups that experience or do not experience urban farming. The result of this research is as follows: first, experiencing urban farming are relatively less in willingness to participate in the farm village tourism experience than those who do not experience it. Second, the largest reason to participate in farm village tourism experience is found to be the natural environment of farm village tourism experience that is different from that of the city and the effect on children's education. Third, most answers on the reason for not participating in farm village tourism experience is because of the busy daily life. Fourth, urbanite have positive image in general about farm village tourism experience. Especially, when the comparison between the groups was made, it was showed that the difference in understanding the crops growing and the natural environment difference in the city. Fifth, about the negative image on the farm village tourism experience, it showed the difference in understanding the unfamiliar scenery, shortage of eye catching and fun, and the necessity and cost between the groups. Consequently, this study may be significant in the recognition of the farm village tourism experience on urbanite were checked, it was revealed that Y/N experience in the urban farming made negative influence to the willing.

기계적 자극을 고려한 bioreactor 개발

박정훈(Jeong Hun Park),이인환(In Hwan Lee),이승재(Seung-Jae Lee),조동우(Dong-Woo Cho) 대한기계학회 2008 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2008 No.5

Articular cartilage has a limited capacity to repair damage resulting from injury or disease because of its avascular nature. In this regard, it has been studied that regeneration of cartilage at in-vitro environment in tissue engineering. And it is reported that mechanical stimuli take a role in improving cell growth in articular cartilage. In this study, we designed a custom bioreactor capable of applying controlled compression to cell-seeded scaffolds. This device consisted of a circulation system and compression system. In circular system, culture chamber was sealed for prohibiting contamination and media solution was circulated by pump. In compression system, mechanical stimuli were controlled by LabVIEW software and mechanical transfer system. Control program was divided two modes such as continuous mode and discrete mode. Therefore, developed bioreactor can be produced two conditions of mechanical stimulation.

Economical Gas Chamber for In-situ Gas Measurement and Analysis of Gas Response Characteristics according to Sensor Voltage

Yun-Suk Choi(최연석),In Hwan Lee(이인환) 한국기계가공학회 2019 한국기계가공학회지 Vol.18 No.5

Breath analysis using a portable device is better than the classical breath analysis system in terms of installation and operation. There is an increasing need to develop cost-effective equipment for testing gas sensors from the viewpoint of functionalities that can be applied applicable to portable devices. In the present study, an economical gas chamber for in-situ gas measurement is implemented with a single gas chamber without using expensive gas storage and control equipment; the gas response characteristics are analyzed using the above-described chamber. The main features of the implemented gas chamber are simple injection procedure, improved gas diffusion, easy measurement and cleaning, support for low-power mode measurement function for portable devices, and open source platform. Moreover, an analysis of gas response characteristics based on changes in sensor voltage show that the sensitivity and 90% response time are affected by the sensor voltage. Furthermore, the sensitivity graph has an inflection point in a specific range. The gas sensor applied in this study showed fast response speed and high sensitivity for sensor voltages of 3.0-3.5 V, regardless of the concentration of acetone gas, the target gas used in this study.

영남지역 지하수에서 대장균군의 분포 및 분리한 세균의 특성

이인환,김수경,최윤희,김종설,Lee In-Hwan,Kim Soo-Kyung,Choi Yun-Hee,Kim Jong-Seol 한국미생물학회 2006 미생물학회지 Vol.42 No.2

생활용수로 사용하는 영남지역 지하수의 세균학적 수질을 평가하기 위해, 여름 123개 지점, 겨울 117개 지점에서 지하수 시료를 채수하였다. 일반세균 수의 중앙간은 여름 30 CFU/ml, 겨울 40 CFU/ml이었고, 25% 이상의 조사지점에서 일반세균 수는 먹는물 수질기준 100 CFU/ml을 초과하였다. 전체 조사지점 중 여름 46%, 겨울 30%의 지점에서는 대장균군이 검출되었으며, 이들 지점에서 대장균군 수의 중앙간은 여름 20 CFU/ml, 겨울 4 CFU/ml로 여름이 겨울보다 높았다. 분리한 대장균군 세균은 Citrobacter속, Enterobacter속, Eschericitia속, Klebsiella속, Pantoea속, Rahnella속, 그리고 Serratia속으로 동정되었으며, Enterobacter속이 48%를 차지하여 가장 많았다. 종별로는 E. cloacae, E. amnigenus, K. pneumoniae등이 빈도가 높게 분리되었으며, 반면 E. coli는 1개 조사지점에서만 분리되었다. 대장균군 수는 일반세균 수와 양의 상관관계를 보였으며, 일반세균 수는 수온과도 양의 상관관계가 있었다. 본 연구의 결과는 지하수에서 대장균군의 오염에 대한 보다 자세한 정보를 제공해 주며, 영남지역의 지하수에서 병원성 미생물의 오염 가능성이 여전히 높음을 시사한다. To evaluate bacteriological water quality of groundwater in Yeungnam Province, samples were taken from 123 locations during summer and 117 locations during winter. The medians of heterotrophic plate counts.(HPCs) were 30 CFU/mL for the summer samples and 40 CFU/ml for the winter, and more than 25% showed HPCs higher than 100 CFU/ml. Coliform bacteria were detected from 46% of the summer samples and 30% of the winter. In these coliform-positive samples, the medians of coliform counts were 20 CFU/ml for the summer samples and 4 CFU/ml for the winter. Genera such as Citrobacter, Enterobacter, Escherichia, Klebsielia, Pantoea, Rahnellia, and Serratia were identified from the coliform isolates; among them, 48% were members of the genus Enterobacter. While E. cloacae, E. amnigenus, and K. pneumoniae were the most frequently isolated species, E. coli was isolated only from 1 location. The coliform counts were positively correlated with the HPCs, which also positively correlated with water temperature. The results of present study provide further insight on the extent of groundwater contamination with coliform bacteria.

권두에세이

이인환,Lee, In-Hwan 대한결핵협회 2007 보건세계 Vol.54 No.5

공항상주직원의 감정노동에 대한 내부마케팅과 고객지향성에 대한 연구

이인환,김기웅,박성식,Lee, In-Hwan,Kim, Kee-Woong,Park, Sung-Sik 한국항공운항학회 2015 한국항공운항학회지 Vol.23 No.2

Airport is not only a public facility but a place where multiple cultural and ethnic groups are visiting. It has been reported though several researches that the level of emotional labor is more heavier than any other job. The more complex our society become, the more frequently emotional labor has been focused. Emotional labor became recently the issue of integrated studies above. Considering the level of emotional labor of airport employees, this paper believes their emotional labor has not been focused compared to such as tourism and service industry. This paper tried to research empirically the impact of internal marketing on airport employees' customer-oriented attitude based on their emotional labor using SEM (Structural Equation Modeling). According to the SEM results, it was proven that 'Autonomy of Airport Employee', a latent variable of internal marketing has a significant negative effect on employees' outside emotion. The outside emotion has also a significant effect on their customer-oriented attitude. It could be concluded the effort to increase decision making authority of employees should be implemented to provide them with deeper customer oriented insight.

LTE/WLAN 이종망 환경에서 퍼지제어와 정책적 다기준 의사결정법을 이용한 적응적 VHO 방안 연구

이인환,김태섭,조성호,Lee, In-Hwan,Kim, Tae-Sub,Cho, Sung-Ho 한국정보처리학회 2010 정보처리학회논문지 C : 정보통신,정보보안 Vol.17 No.3

차세대 이동통신 시스템에서는 3세대 진화망인 LTE(long-Term Evolution), WiMAX/WiBro, 차세대 WLAN등 다양한 무선 접속 기술이 All-IP 기반의 핵심망을 중심으로 통합되는 형태로 발전하고 있다. 이러한 발전에 따라 중첩된 다양한 무선 이종망 환경에서 최적의 조건을 제공하는 망으로의 접속을 제공하는 수직적 핸드오버가 필요하다. 그러나 현재까지는 각각의 네트워크가 독자적 서비스 제공을 위해 독립적인 무선자원관리 기능을 제공하여 왔으므로, 이종망 환경에서의 다양한 네트워크를 끊김없이 서비스를 제공하기 위해서는 개별 네트워크의 무선자원들을 통합적으로 관리하여 최적의 서비스를 제공할 수 있어야 할 것이다. 최근 이러한 무선 이종망 환경에서의 문제점을 해결하기 위해 적응적이동성을 위한 범용링크계층(GLL)과 통합무선자원관리(CRRM) 방식의 개념이 도입되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 LTE와 WLAN 사이에서의 효율적인 수직적 핸드오버를 위한 범용링크계층을 기반으로 정책기반과 다기준 의사결정법(MCDM)을 혼합한 수직적 핸드오버 알고리즘을 제안하고, 퍼지 로직 제어기(FLC)를 이용하여 핸드오버 시점을 적응적으로 결정하는 방안을 제안한다. 시뮬레이션 연구 결과 본 논문에서 제안하는 수직적 핸드오버 기법은 수신신호의 세기를 기반으로하는 방법과 MCDM 만을 사용하는 방법에 비해 데이터 처리량, 핸드오버 성공확률, 서비스 사용비용 그리고 핸드오버 시도 횟수 측면에서 우수한 성능을 보였다. For the next generation mobile communication system, diverse wireless network techniques such as beyond 3G LTE, WiMAX/WiBro, and next generation WLAN etc. are proceeding to the form integrated into the All-IP core network. According to this development, Beyond 3G integrated into heterogeneous wireless access technologies must support the vertical handover and network to be used of several radio networks. However, unified management of each network is demanded since it is individually serviced. Therefore, in order to solve this problem this study is introducing the theory of Common Radio Resource Management (CRRM) based on Generic Link Layer (GLL). This study designs the structure and functions to support the vertical handover and propose the vertical handover algorithm of which policy-based and MCDM are composed between LTE and WLAN systems using GLL. Finally, simulation results are presented to show the improved performance over the data throughput, handover success rate, the system service cost and handover attempt number.

Guinea peg에서 실험적 치아이종에 따른 압박측 치아주위 조직의 변화에 관한 전자현미경적 연구

이인환(Lee In Hwan) 대한치과교정학회 1983 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.13 No.2

Many different appliances have been used to move teeth or to attempt to inhibit or stimulate growth of the jaws. Especially. Orthopedic force was used to apply a constant force on the mandible. Various orthopedic forces bring the changes of surrounding tissue, growth and development on the mandibular joint Authoe carried out this study to find the histological changes of. the mandibular joint in rats when the mandible applied posterior displacement. For the purpose of this study, 009- x 036inch closed coil spring and 030inch orthopedic wire were used between the post occipital region and the chin region in order to render the orthopedic forces, posteriorly. The experimental animals were used 1 month old (Groupl), 3 months old (Group. II), and 12 months old (Group III) rats. Following results were obtained; 1. At the beginning of the experimental Group I, there were predominant increment of Cartilage layer in the posterior parts of condylar head. Especially, the mature chondrocyte zone was increased. 2. In the experimental Group II, the chondroblastic zone was decreased while it showed slightly increased mature cartilage zone. 3. In the experimental Group III, the mature chondrocyte zone was disappeared gradually and there was a tendency to reduce the endochondral bone formation in condylar head. 4. After 30 days of experimental Group I and in experimental Group II, there was a tendency to decrease the immature cellular zone in the glenoid fossa by pressure. 5. There were no histological changes in the articular disc by pressure.

노인의 건강관련 삶의 질과 골밀도 및 신체활동과의 연관성 검증

이인환(In-Hwan Lee),강현식(Hyun-Sik Kang) 한국생활환경학회 2018 한국생활환경학회지 Vol.25 No.5

This study investigated the associations of bone mineral density (BMD) and physical activity with healthrelated quality of life (HRQoL) in elderly. Data from the 2008-2011 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) involving 5,776 elderly aged ≥ 60 years were used. Based on femur neck BMD T-scores, subjects were classified as normal BMD and osteopenia/osteoporosis. According to WHO recommendations of physical activity for elderly, the subjects were classified as sufficiently active, insufficiently active, and completely inactive groups. Logistic regression analyses were used to determine the odds ratio (OR) for lowest EuroQoL-5 dimension (EQ-5D) and EuroQoL-visual analogue scale (EQ-VAS). Compared to the sufficiently active group (reference), completely inactive group had a higher OR for lowest EQ-5D (OR=1.649, P=.002) and EQ-VAS (OR=1.451, P=.021) in normal BMD of men, and in terms of osteopenia/osteoporosis, completely inactive group had a higher OR than sufficiently active group for lowest EQ-5D (OR=1.427, P=.010) and EQ-VAS (OR=1.986, P<.001). Similarly, in comparison to the sufficiently active group, completely inactive group had a higher OR for lowest EQ-VAS (OR=1.283, P=.008) in osteopenia/osteoporosis in women. The current findings suggested that the prognostic importance of BMD status and physical activity for quality of life might be sex-specific in elderly.

IEEE802.16j 기반의 2-홉 셀룰러 중계시스템에서 하향링크 접근영역과 중계영역에 대한 최적 무선자원 할당방법 연구

이인환 ( In Hwan Lee ),김세진 ( Se-jin Kim ),조성호 ( Sung Ho Cho ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2010 인터넷정보학회논문지 Vol.11 No.3

본 논문에서는OFDMA-TDD 구조를 갖는 IEEE802.16j 기반의 2-홉 셀룰러 중계시스템에서 non-transparent 방식의 무선 중계기를 이용하여 서비스 영역을 확장할 때, 시스템 전송률 및 하향링크 접근영역(Access zone)과 중계영역(Relay zone)에 대한 최적 무선자원 할당방법을 연구한다. 분석을 위해 먼저 non-transparent 방식의 MAC (Media Access Control) 프레임 구조를 알아보고, 접근영역과 중계영역에서 단말과 중계기 등의 네트워크 구성요소들에 대한 간섭요소들을 조사한다. 모의실험을 통하여 기지국과 중계기의 거리에 따라 확장되는 2-홉 셀 커버리지 크기와 전송률을 분석하고, 분석된 결과를 이용하여 하향링크 접근영역과 중계영역에 대한 최적 무선자원 할당량을 제시한다. In this paper, we evaluate the system throughput and the method of optimal wireless resource allocation for the access zone (AZ) and relay zone (RZ) in downlink when the cell coverage is extended using the non-transparent Relay Station (RS) in a 2-hop cellular relay system based on IEEE802.16j, which uses the OFDMA-TDD structure. For the analyses, we first introduce the MAC (Media Access Control) frame structure in the non-transparent mode, then we investigate the interfering elements in both AZ and RZ for the network devices such as the Mobile Station (MS) and RS. Through computer simulation, we analyze the cell coverage extension and system throughput in terms of the distance between Base Station (BS) and RS, then we present the amount of the optimal allocation of wireless resource for the AZ and RZ in downlink using our results.