엘크 사슴의 인공수정시 수정율에 영양을 미치는 번식장애 요인에 관한 연구

이봉식,정지원,김찬규,Lee Bong-Sik,Jung Ji-Won,Kim Chan-Kyu 대한수의사회 2001 대한수의사회지 Vol.37 No.12

This study was carried out to investigate the main causes of sterility influenced on conception rate for artificial insemination in Elk deer. We carried out A.I work for 202 hinds elk deers at breeding season during the period of 02 Sep. thru 01 Oct. of 2

3D 프린팅을 활용한 입체 조형 수업 사례 연구 : 초등학교 5학년을 대상으로

이봉식(Lee, Bong-sik) 한국조형디자인학회 2021 조형디자인연구 Vol.24 No.3

본 연구는 3D 프린팅을 활용한 입체 조형 수업에 관한 사례 연구이다. 4차 산업 시대는 다양한 기술 혁신이 실생활과 밀접하게 연결되어 있다. 기술 혁신 중 3D 프린팅은 산업현장 외에도 바이오, 예술 분야에서 광범위하게 활용되고 있다. 하지만 초등학교 미술에서는 3D 프린팅의 원리를 간략하게 소개하고 있을 뿐 입체 조형 실기 활동에 활용하는 경우는 미비하다. 이에 초등학생을 대상으로 3D 프린팅을 활용하여 입체 조형 수업의 가능성을 알아보고자 5학년 학생 10명을 대상으로 15차시의 3D 프린팅 수업 프로그램을 구성 및 적용하였다. 3D 프린팅 수업 프로그램을 적용한 후 3D 프린팅에 대한 인식과 수업 태도를 알아보았다. 또, 3D 프린팅을 활용한 입체 표현 능력을 파악하여 본 연구에 활용한 수업 프로그램의 교수 학습 적용 가능성을 모색해 보았다. 수업 프로그램을 적용한 후 학생들의 3D 프린팅에 대한 인식이 변하였고, 자기 주도적으로 학습하여 입체 조형 작품을 우수하게 제작하였다. 이에 본 연구에서 활용한 3D 프린팅 수업 프로그램은 초등학생들에게 적용할 수 있다고 생각한다. 다만 15차시 동아리 활동으로 구성된 프로그램이므로 학습 환경을 고려하여 재구성할 필요가 있으며, 제한된 연구 대상과 방법으로 일반화의 한계가 있다. 또 다른 3D 모델링 프로그램을 기반으로 한 후속 연구가 필요하다. This study is a case study on classes for creating three-dimensional structures using 3D printing techniques. In the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, our life is closely linked to a variety of technological innovations. Among them, 3D printing is widely utilized in the fields of biotechnology and art as well as industrial sites. However, the principles of 3D printing are little known to elementary school art education. In addition, almost none of them are used for practical applications to create three-dimensional artworks for elementary education. With this situation in mind, a feasibility study on the 3D printing class for elementary school students was done. For the study, a class program of ten 5th grade students was designed and it was divided into 15 class hours. In addition to the perceptions and class attitudes toward 3D printing, the possibility of introducing 3D printing into set curriculum and the applicability as a part of education were checked during the program. After participating in the program, positive changes in the perceptions of the participants on 3D printing could be observed, and they actively joined in the process of creation of excellent three-dimensional works. Therefore, I believe that the 3D printing class program used in this study can be applied to elementary school students. However, considering the short period of the feasibility study, it seems necessary to reorganize the program in consideration of learning environments. Besides, there can also be a limitation of generalization of the study due to the limited number of research participants and methods. It is with this in mind that further research on 3D modeling program is considered necessary.

동영상 콘텐츠와 모델링을 통한 ‘모빌’ 이해 능력 신장 방안 연구 : 알렉산더 콜더의 모빌 작품을 중심으로

이봉식(Lee, Bong-sik) 한국조형디자인학회 2021 조형디자인연구 Vol.24 No.2

초등학교 미술 교과서에서는 동적(動的)인 ‘모빌’을 정적(靜的)인 사진으로 제시하여 감상과 이해의 한계가 있다. 이에 본 연구는 움직임을 관찰할 수 있는 동영상 콘텐츠와 조각가들의 작품 제작과정 중 일부인 모델링의 융합으로 모빌 작품의 이해를 돕는 지도 방안을 찾고자 하였다. 먼저 선행 연구 분석을 통하여 동영상 콘텐츠의 교육적 효용성에 대한 이론적 배경을 마련하였고, 교과서 분석을 통하여 초등학교 학생을 위한 ‘콜더의 모빌 제작 방법’을 개발하여 ‘초등학생을 위한 모빌 작품 이해 능력 신장 방안’을 구안(具案)하였다. 이 연구 결과를 분석하기 위하여 미술과 성취기준을 기반으로 질문지를 만들어 적용하였으며 그 결과를 사례 분석하였다. 교과서 분석 결과 개발된 ‘콜더의 모빌 모델링 방법’을 통해 모빌 제작이 가능하였고, 동영상 콘텐츠의 활용을 통하여 ‘모빌’의 조형 요소와 조형 원리를 이해하게 되었다. 또한, 모델링 전 과정에서 능동적인 동기가 부여되어 작품을 세밀히 관찰하게 되었다. 이는 ‘모빌’ 이해의 하나의 방안이 될 수 있다는 근거로 제시할 수 있다. In art textbooks, ‘kinetic art,’ which are dynamic, are presented by means of printed pictures that are static. It can cause limitations on appreciation and understanding of this kind of artworks. To solve the problem, this study tried to find a proper guidance to help students understand kinetic art more appropriately without posing heavy limitations on the appreciation and understanding of kinetic art by combining video contents through which motions can be observed with modeling, part of creation process of sculptors. First, the theoretical background on the educational utility of video contents was devised through analyzing earlier studies, and it was followed by textbook analysis, which led to the creation of Calder s Mobile Modeling Method for elementary school seniors to improve understanding of kinetic art. To analyze the test results, questionnaires based on achievement standards for art class were introduced and the results were analyzed for a case study. Through the Calder s Mobile Modeling Method, developed by analyzing art textbooks, mobile production was made possible, and the use of video contents facilitated the understanding of the elements and principles. In addition, active motivation to observe the works with increased interest levels could be seen during the entire modeling process. This can be regarded as a basis for understanding moving sculpture.

VR과 모델링을 통한 조각 작품 이해 능력 신장 방안:초등학교 미술 수업을 중심으로

이봉식(Lee, Bong Sik) 한국미술교육학회 2021 美術敎育論叢 Vol.35 No.2

미래 사회의 핵심 경쟁력은 융합 능력을 통한 창의적 사고력이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 IT 기술과 모델링의 융합으로 조각 작품의 이해를 돕는 지도 방안을 찾고자 한다. 이를 위해 초등학교 미술 교과서의 조각 관련 교과 내용을 분석하고, VR 기반 온라인 전시장과 조각 기법을 이용한 모델링을 적용하여 미술 작품 이해 능력 신장 방안 5단계를 구성하였다. 이를 위하여 학생들의 입체 표현 특성에 맞게 5종의 질문지를 만들어 제공하였고 그 결과를 미술 이해 영역별로 분석하였다. 분석 결과 모델링 전 과정에서 작품을 세밀히 관찰하게 되었고, 작품에 대한 궁금한 점이 많아졌다. 또한, 작품의 제목이 변경되었으며 조각 표현 기법도 자기주도적으로 학습하고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 이는 작품 이해 능력을 신장시키는 하나의 방법이 될 수 있다는 의미이다. 다만, 특정 연구 대상과 사례 연구 방법으로 연구 결과를 일반화하는 데는 한계가 있다. The core competitiveness in the future of society will be determined by one’s ability to think creatively through the ability to converge. Therefore, in this study, the main focus was to find a teaching plan to heighten the ability to understand sculptures by using IT technology and modeling. In search for this, the contents of sculpture-related subjects in elementary school art textbooks were analyzed, and a five-stage plan to enhance students’ ability to comprehend art work was constructed by applying VR-based online exhibition and a modeling process using sculpting techniques. To further develop this, a five-question questionnaire was made to find out students’ capability to express about three-dimensional works, and the results were analyzed based on the areas of art understanding. Results of the analysis showed students making closer observations throughout the entire process of modeling, including an increase of curiosity of the work itself. In addition, students were personalizing the title of the work while also applying expressions of self-taught sculpting techniques. Results showed that this method can be used to increase students’ ability to better understand sculptures. However, there are limitations in generalizing research results with specific research subjects and case study methods.

제7차 초등학교 과학과 교육목표의 분석

이봉식,백남권 진주교육대학교 초등교육연구소 2005 科學敎育硏究 Vol.28 No.-

The research aims to be a helpful material for declaring a systematic, consistent educational objective when establishing the next national school curriculum, by analyzing the 7th Elementary science educational objective of 3, 4, 5th grade. The result is as follows: 1. the total agreement of educational objectives were analyzed as 0.651. it was able to confirm that the agreement was lacking, and that too much of it were emphasized in some educational objective areas. 2. the agreement of 3rd grade was analyzed as the lowest, which in fact should be the highest, because of low recognition level. 4th grade was the highest, marking 0.696. 5th grade was 0.637, showing very inclusive educational objective declarations. 3. the consistency between the unit objective and school year objective was analyzed as 0.63. the educational objective declared in the school year objective must also be stated in the unit objective. By this point of view, the consistency above was very deficient. 4. the consistency between class objective and unit objective was analyzed as 0.73. Examinations by grade showed the consistency of 3rd grade as 0.79, marking the highest. The next was 4th grade with 0.73, and 5th grade was 0.67. The consistency decreases as the grade gets higher. 5. as for the composition rate of the educational objective according to different areas, the educational objective of cognitive domain was at 51%, science·methodological domain at 38%, affective domain at 8%, and science technology society domain at 3%. 6. the composition rate depending on content area showed the educational objective of cognitive domain at 52%, science·methodological domain at 39%, affective domain at 7%, and science technology society domain at 3%. In conclusion, the agreement was lowly analyzed due to indefinite educational objective declarations and the consistency between unit objective and school year objective was seriously deficient. Also, it was able to discover that the general objective declaration was not made due to serious deviation of the rates in different domains.