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이규식,정소영,정용재,Lee, Kyu-Sik,Jeong, So-Young,Chung, Yong-Jae 국립문화재연구소 2000 保存科學硏究 Vol.21 No.-
The cultural properties are damaged by various causes according to the characteristics of material, the condition of preservation, and the period of time. Especially, biodeterioration makes lots of damages in organic properties than inorganic ones. The damages of wooden cultural properties by insects usually are caused by the three orders; Isoptera, Coleoptera, and Hymenoptera. As the result of investigation on the state of 141 buildings of wooden cultural properties in 1999, some of them were damaged by many kinds off actors; wasp, powder post beetle, cigarette beetle, termite, decay, and physical cracking. And it was found that the patterns of damages were related to species-specific habits of insects. There are several methods of pest control for the prevention of wooden cultural properties from damages caused by insects. Those are as follows; physical control, chemical control, biological control, and integrated pest management. When insects and fungi were detected at the wooden buildings, the fumigation is best treatment to stop biodeterioration. And then, wood materials also need to be treated with insecticidal and antiseptic chemicals to avoid a reinfestation, because the fumigant is volatile. The six commercial chemicals which are applied to the insecticidal and antiseptic treatment of wooden cultural properties were purchased to test their abilities. According to the comparative results of efficacy of them in laboratory, chemical D showed excellent efficacy in all items, including antiseptic and termiticidal items. The goal of these pest controls is to protect wooden buildings from insects and microorganisms. The most effective method used currently is chemical control(fumigation, insecticidal and anticeptic chemical treatment), but it has to be treated periodically to control pest effectively. Recently environmentally-friendly control methods such as bait system or biological treatments are replacing traditional barrier treatments using large amounts of chemicals. Especially, termite is a social insect which makes a colony. Although a building with fumigation treatment is safe for a while, once attacked building has a risk of damage by reinfestation of termite. Therefore, to control termites from damaged building, the entire colony including reproductives(queen and king) and larvae around buildings must beeliminated. Bait system can be used as a preventive measure in early detection of them through termites colony monitoring and baiting. It would be the most effective for termite control if bait system would be used together with the chemical controls.
출토 인골의 유전자분석-나주 복암리 3호분 옹관 인골을 중심으로
이규식,정용재,한성희,이명희,한면수,최동호,Lee, Kyu-Sik,Chung, Yong-Jae,Han, Sung-Hee,Lee, Myong-Hee,Han, Myun-Soo,Choi, Dong-Ho 국립문화재연구소 1999 保存科學硏究 Vol.20 No.-
We have analyzed the allele and genotype frequencies from 10 fractions of ancient human skeleton in 3 pieces of Jar coffin excavated from Naju Bokamni3rd tumulus by PCR amplification, high resolution polyacrylamide gelelectorphoresis and silver staining. We could isolate human genomic DNA from 3 bone fractions but the rest of them could not be used as materials due to being decayed. We could detect sex determination as male and 3 genotypes of STR system, HUMTHO1, HUMTPOX and HUMC5F1PO from the bone fraction of left side in Jar coffin 3 and see the slightly reaction suggesting the sex as male from the bone fraction of the left side in Jar coffin 2 and female from the right side in Jar coffin 3.We have also analyzed the genotype frequencies of mitochondria from the bone fractions of the left side and the right side in jar coffin 3, respectively. From the result of indetifiying at nucletide position between 16018 and 16378of the base of hyper variable region(HV1) in the control region, We can presume that the both bones have the same maternal inheritance.
광전용적맥파(PPG) 측정용 CMOS 인터페이스 회로 설계에 관한 연구
이규식(Kyu-sik Lee),손상희(Sang-hee Son),정원섭(Won-sup Chung),신희종(Hee-jong Sin) 한국정보기술학회 2008 한국정보기술학회논문지 Vol.6 No.1
In this paper, a CMOS interface circuit for measuring PPG is proposed and designed by using current-control Schmitt trigger. This circuit detects the blood beat using PPG which occurs in blood beat sensor and composed of analog and digital parts. Current signal of sensor is converted into voltage in analog parts and then converted into digital signal in digital parts. Operation speed is increased and linear error is diminished by applying OTA to schmitt trigger circuit and oscillator. Also, proposed and designed circuit has some features of low power consumption, simple structure and high resolution compared.
이규식 ( Kyu Sik Lee ) 한국보건행정학회 2013 보건행정학회지 Vol.23 No.4
During last 65 years, Korea has achieved very rapid economic growth and social reformation including healthcare system. Many foreigners have praised that Korea healthcare system is very good in the respect of ease accessibility to healthcare under the lowest cost among the industrialized countries. Whole population are covered by the National Health Insurance. Also utilizations of healthcare among different income classes are even. However Korea healthcare system faced with several challenges, in terms of the an aging population and a rise in chronic disease problem, new threats of communicable disease due to globalization, the rapid increase of healthcare expenditure and high financial burden of patients even though they are insured. To cope with these challenges, we need reconsider the healthcare system as followings; to set up ideology of healthcare as normative public goods, to rebuild paradigm of healthcare for 21 century, to reform public health for strengthening health promotion, to develop new method for healthcare management including quality improvement and consumer responsiveness, to build new governance for health and to view new perspective on healthcare as a kind of industry.
의료수요(醫療需要)의 가격(價格) 및 소득탄력도(所得彈力度): 직장(職場) 공(公)·교(敎) 의료보험(醫療保險) 적용자(適用者)의 외래수요(外來需要)에 관하여
이규식 ( Kyu Sik Lee ) 한국보건사회연구원 1985 保健社會硏究 Vol.5 No.2
The purposes of this study are twofold: (1) to examine the demand behavior for medical services of the insured, and (2) to investigate the equity aspect of medical care utilization among the insured based upon demand analysis. Data used in this analysis are insurance claims and premium data from 2,144 insured households of the government employees and school teachers and 4,208 insured households of the industrial establishment insurance in Seoul City area. These data do not contain information about time consumption and quality attributes in the demand for medical care. Therefore, the traditional Marshallian demand approach is used in this study. The major determinants of demand for medical care are the severity of illness, family size, disposable earned income, price of medical care, the ratio of children to family size and the habit of medical care consumption. The importance of the severity is rather natural since the person who has serious symptoms needs more medical care. The relationship between family size and the quantity demanded is positive. The child age group (0-4) consume more medical care, while the aged (65 and over) do not significantly consume more medical care in Korea. Since the history of medical insurance system is relatively short in Korea, the habit of visiting drug stores and Chinese herb medicine persists for some time even after medical insurance is purchased. We can not find any evidence that females consume more medical care compared to males. The income elasticities of this study range from 0.3 to 1.4. They are higher than the figures in the previous analyses for developed countries. The high income elasticities imply that income barriers to medical care consumption still remain in Korea. The price elasticities vary from -0.02 to -0.4, which are lower than those in the literature reviewed. Especially, when we consider that estimated price elasticities are upwardly biased due to the case and quality mix of price variable, the real elasticities would be lower than the estimated price elasticities. From the above estimation results, we can conclude that the high income group, while paying relatively larger premiums, consumes more medical care and gets more benefits from the insurance. The benefits of insurance come not from the premium but from the consumption of medical care. As a consequence, the high income group benefits from the pooled resources more than the group`s contribution. The suggestions obtained from this study for the equitable medical insurance system in Korea include two devices. First, the premium rate could be revised from a fixed to a progressive proportion of the wages. Second, the coinsurance (copayment portion of patient) could be lowered for the low income group.