노인에서의 만성 C형간염 치료

연종은(Jong Eun Yeon) 대한임상노인의학회 2023 대한임상노인의학회지 Vol.24 No.3

Worldwide, more than 100 million people were infected with chronic hepatitis C (CHC). Prevalence in Korea was estimated at as much as 0.6%. Because of the progressive aging of hepatitis C virus-infected people, the number of cases of CHC in older adults has been increasing. In older patients with CHC, greater acceleration of fibrosis with aging and higher risk of hepatocellular carcinoma development have been reported. Currently, with the popular all-oral combination of direct-acting antiviral (DAA) treatment of CHC, the rates of sustained virologic response and treatment-related adverse events between patients younger and older than 65 years are not significantly different. Although clinicians should consider drug-drug interactions, comorbid medical condition, risk of disease progression, and long-term benefits of viral eradication by DAA, older age should not be a barrier to treatment.

한국과 콜롬비아 간의 특별한 협력관계

추종연 ( Choo Jong-youn ) 한국외교협회 2021 외교 Vol.137 No.0

한국과 콜롬비아 관계는 혈맹(血盟), 전통적인 우호협력관계 및 전략적 협력 동반자로 불린다. 한국과 콜롬비아는 공통점이 많다. 양국은 인구규모가 5천만으로 같고 중견국(Middle Power)이다. 양국 모두 식민지압제와 내전을 경험했다. 양국은 태평양 연안국으로 미국과의 협력을 중시한다. 한ㆍ콜롬비아 우호협력관계를 구성하는 4개 핵심요소가 있다. 첫째, 콜롬비아의 한국전 참전은 양국관계를 지탱해주는 강력한 자산이다. 둘째, 한ㆍ콜롬비아 FTA도 양국 경제관계의 핵심요소다. 셋째, 최근 10년간 양국 간 총 6회의 정상급교류가 시행되었다. 넷째, 한국은 콜롬비아를 3회 연속 ODA 중점협력대상국으로 지정했다. 콜롬비아는 한국의 입장에서 4개의 전략적 가치를 지닌다. 첫째, 콜롬비아는 중남미의 견실한 중진국이다. 둘째, 콜롬비아는 중남미지역에서 가장 대표적인 자유시장 경제체제 옹호국이다. 셋째, 콜롬비아는 자원의 보고다. 넷째, 콜롬비아는 중남미에서 한국 프리미엄이 가장 큰 나라다. 양국관계에 도전 요인들도 있다. 한국은 콜롬비아에서 우리기업의 인프라사업 참여를 중시하는 반면, 콜롬비아는 자국 상품 수출 및 한국기업 투자유치에 역점을 두고 있다. 양국 교역 및 투자가 정체 또는 축소 추세를 보이는 문제도 있다. 평화협정 이후에 전개되는 복잡한 콜롬비아 국내정세도 주목할 필요가 있다. The bilateral relationship between Korea and Colombia is often described as a ‘blood alliance’, traditionally friendly and cooperative relations or a strategic cooperative partnership. There are many common points between Korea and Colombia. The two countries have the same size of population and both are regarded as ‘Middle Power.’ They also share the experience of colonial rules and civil war. The two Pacific countries both value the cooperation with the U.S.. There are 4 key components which underpin the friendly and cooperative relations between the two nations. These are Colombia’s participation in the Korean War, the Korea-Colombia Free Trade Agreement, summit-level exchanges which took place 6 times in the recent 10 years, and Korea’s renewed designation of Colombia as priority partner country in development assistance. Also, from the Korean perspective, we can identify 4 factors that contribute Colombia’s strategic value to Korea. First, Colombia is a reliable middle power in Latin America. Second, Colombia is the most representative liberal market economy in the region. Third, Colombia has abundant natural resources. Forth, Korea is best perceived in Colombia, comparing with other latin american countries. That is called a ‘Korean premium’. There are also some challenges to the bilateral relations. While Korea gives more emphasis on its companies’ participation in Colombia’s infrastructure projects, Colombia mainly focuses on exporting its products to Korea as well as attracting Korean investment. Moreover, the trade and investment between the two countries tend to stagnate or shrink. Colombia’s complex domestic political situation after the Peace Agreement is also to be taken note of.

장결핵의 감별진단에 있어서 3 개월 추적 대장내시경 검사의 의의

연종은(Jong Eun Youn),박이병(Ie Byung Park),권소영(So Yung Kwon),김재선(Jae Seon Kim),변관수(Kwan Soo Byun),박영태(Young Tae Bak),김종극(Jong Guk Kim),이창홍(Chang Hong Lee),김진호(Jin Ho Kim) 대한내과학회 1996 대한내과학회지 Vol.50 No.2

N/A Objectives: A therapeutic trial with antituberculous drugs is reasonable if the clinical and colonoscopic features are compatible, in countries with a high prevalence of intestinal tuberculosis. But Crohn's disease, lymphoma and other infectious disease should be differentiated from the disease. There have been no established monitoring modalities to assess the efficacy of the therapeutic trial and to differentiate these diseases yet. Therefore, this study was done to assess the usefulness of follow-up colonoscopy at 3 months of antituberculous treatment as a monitoring modality. Methods: 42 patients with tentative diagnosis of intestinal tuberculosis which was made on the basis of clinical and colonoscopic findings were enrolled, The patients were divided into 2 groups according to the symptomatic improvement after the therapy : (A) 30 patients with improved symptom : (B) 12 patients with persistent symptom. Colonoscopy with biopsy was performed before and at 3 months of therapeutic trial. Standard four-drug antituberculous chemotherapy was done at least for 9 months and patients were followed for more than a year after completion of therapy. Final diagnoses were made on the basis of satisfactory outcome of therapeutic trial, operative findings and another follow-up colonoscopy. Results: 1) colonscopic findings at 3 months of therapy improved in 31 cases. 27 of them were finally diagnosed as tuberculosis, 1 was as ulcerative colitis and 3 were lost. Among 11 endoscopically unimproved cases, 7 were finally diagnosed as Crohn's disease, 2 were as tuberculosis and 2 were lost. 2) 27 of 29 patients with final diagnosis of intestinal tuberculosis improved colonoscopically at 3 months of therapy. 2 unimproved cases had a complicated disease(stenosis) or an atypical mycobacterial infection, respectively. 3) In group A, 1 was diagnosed as ulcerative colitis and in group H, 3 were diagnosed as tuberculosis finally. Conclusion: Follow-up colonoscopy at 3 months of antituberculous therapeutic trial in patients with tentative diagnosis of intestinal tuberculosis seems to be a valuable modality for monitoring the efficacy of therapy and differentiating intestinal tuberculosis from other diseases.

유리섬유 강화플라스틱 복합관의 구조적 특성

연규석(Yeon, Kyu Seok),김남길(Jin NanJi),조규우(Jo Kyu Woo),김동준(Kim, Dong Jun),최종윤(Choi Jong Yun),백종만(Back Jong Man) 한국콘크리트학회 2003 한국콘크리트학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2003 No.5

폐고무분말을 혼입한 UP 폴리머모르타르의 경화수축 및 부착강도

연규석 ( Yeon Kyu-seok ),김남길 ( Jin Nan-ji ),최종윤 ( Choi Jong-yun ),백종만 ( Beck Jong-man ) 한국농공학회 2003 한국농공학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.2003 No.-

In this study, the MMA-modified paste mixed waste rubber powder, which has a small elastic modulus and a large modification, was produced by using the soft unsaturated polyester resin(up) as a binder. Then the adhesive properties according to the matrices in both underwater and air-dry conditions and the hardening shrinkage according to the contents of shrinkage reducing agent(SRA) and of MMA were surveyed. The experimental results show that, regardless of humidity of matrices the adhesive strength of polymer concrete was larger than cement concrete. the adhesive strength of MMA content of 20% was larger than MMA content of 30%. regardless of matrix materials the adhesive strength in water condition were 20-30% comparing with the air-dry condition. The case of MMA content of 20% showed the largest adhesive strength. In the hardening shrinkage experiment, the hardening shrinkage reduced as MMA and SRA contents increased, and the decrease of the hardening shrinkage by SRA was larger.

간세포 특이 PTEN 결핍으로 유도된 지방간염 및 간세포암

연종은 ( JONG EUN YEON ) 대한소화기학회 2005 대한소화기학회지 Vol.45 No.5

간세포 선종 1 예

연종은(Jong Eun Yeon),박상훈(Shang Hoon Park),김진호(Jin Ho Kim),권소영(So Young Kwon),변관수(Kwan Soo Byun),이창홍(Chang Hong Lee),최상용(Sang Yong Choi),박철민(Cheol Min Park),차인호(In Ho Cha),원남희(Nam Hee Won) 대한내과학회 1997 대한내과학회지 Vol.52 No.1

N/A Hepatocelluar adenoma is a rare benign tumor, the incidence of which has increased since the introduction of oral contraceptives. We recently experienced a case of hepatocellular adenoma with ovarian Mucinous cystadenoma in a 36 year old female patient who had no history of oral contraceptives usage. The radiologic and pathologic differential diagnosis is discussed in this patient.

민들레초등학교 교무분장에 관한 질적 사례 연구

나미연 ( Mi Yeon Na ),박종필 ( Jong Pil Park ) 안암교육학회 2014 한국교육학연구 Vol.20 No.1

본 연구는 한 초등학교의 교무분장 사례를 토대로 초등학교 교무분장 조직 과정의 특징을 알아보고, 이를 토대로 교무분장의 개선방향을 제시하고자 하는 질적 사례 연구이다. 이러한 목적을 달성하기 위하여 민들레초등학교를 목적 표집하여, 본 연구의 취지에 공감하여 참여에 응한 교사 10명을 대상으로 심층면담을 하여 자료를 수집하였다. 면담 결과, 교무분장 조직 과정은 쉬쉬하기, 나름의 기준, 구색 맞추기 및 배려하기 등의 특징을 가지고 있으며, 이러한 교무분장의 특징과 그에 대한 교사들의 견해를 고려해볼 때, 대화의 장을 마련하여 교무분장 조직 과정을 개방하고, 교무분장을 위한 체계적인 기준 마련 및 인사위원회의 활성화, 교무분장을 운영하는 과정에서의 소통기회를 확대하고, 교무분장의 조직과 운영이 서로 긴밀하게 연계되도록 교무분장이 이루어져야 한다. The purpose of the study is to analyze the characteristics of school-work decisions in an elementary school and suggest better ways for school-work decisions in elementary schools. For the purpose of the study, the researcher selected a qualitative case study which makes it possible to understand teachers` value and belief system, rules of conduct and confrontation strategies. The Mindeulae elementary school was purposely selected and 10 teachers at the school were interviewed by the researcher. The result of the study suggest that schools need to make public the process of school-work decisions by providing chances for conversation among the principal and teachers. Second, schools need to create systematic criteria for school-work decisions and apply them to the process of school-work decisions. Third, schools need to activate the role of personnel committee. Fourth, schools need to increase chances for open communication among teachers during implementing school-works. Finally, schools need to be establishing ties he process of school-work decisions with implementation of school-work.

만성 B형간염에서 B형간염 표면 항원 정량의 임상적 의의

연종은 ( Jong Eun Yeon ) 대한소화기학회 2014 대한소화기학회지 Vol.63 No.6

Since the discovery of HBsAg in the early 1960s, presence of HBsAg in serum has only served to diagnose hepatitis B. Recent development in the quantitative measurement of serum HBsAg has enabled us to improve our understanding on the management of chronic hepatitis B. The surface antigen (sAg) level is at its highest in immune tolerance phase and decreases to the lowest level in immune control/inactive phase when HBeAg is cleared from the serum. Combination of serum sAg titer less than 1,000 IU/mL and serum HBV DNA less than 2,000 IU/mL can identify true inactive carrier from e antigen (eAg) negative hepatitis with diagnostic accuracy of 95%. During the natural course of chronic hepatitis B, changes or absolute level of sAg less than certain level can predict spontaneous sero-clearance of HBsAg. Although the decline of sAg is very slow in interferon (IFN)/pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN) or oral nucleos(-t)ide treated patients, interferon based therapy results in a greater decrease of sAg level and sAg loss. Lack of any decline in sAg titer during PEG-IFN therapy could identify the group of patients who do not response to IFN/PEG-IFN therapy. With the aid of serum HBV DNA, quantitative measurement of serum HBsAg level can be used to optimize the management of chronic hepatitis B in our daily practice. (Korean J Gastroenterol2014;63:335-340)

SWMM 모형을 이용한 LID 요소기술의 공간적 분포에 따른 우수유출특성 분석

연종상(Yeon, Jong Sang),장영수(Jang, Young Su),이재혁(Lee, Jae-Hyuck),신현석(Shin, Hyun Suk),김응석(Kim, Eung-Sung) 한국산학기술학회 2014 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.15 No.6

도시화로 인한 도심유역 내 강우유출양상이 개발이전과 다른 양상을 보이므로, 도심유역 내 강우유출량을 저감하기 위해 집중형 유출 저감 시설이 시행되어왔다. 그러나 시설의 한계점 때문에 분산형 유출 저감 시설인 저영향개발(Low Impact Development; LID)의 계획 및 적용이 활발하게 진행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 대표적인 LID 요소기술을 대상으로 공간적 분포에 따른 유출특성을 분석하였다. 대상유역은 동일한 유역 및 우수배수 특성을 지닌 5개의 소유역으로 구성하였 고, 대표적인 LID 요소기술로 선정된 옥상녹화와 투수성 포장의 적용위치 및 개수에 따른 2개의 시나리오에 대한 유출특성을 분석하였다. SWMM 모형적용 결과, 적용 소유역 1개당 옥상녹화의 경우 총 유출량은 11.07%, 첨두 유출량은 3.42% 저감되 었으며, 투수성포장의 경우 총 유출량은 18.09%, 첨두 유출량은 17.94% 저감되었다. 이와 같은 감소율은 적용 LID의 위치에 상관없이 일정하였고, 적용 LID의 개수에 따라 정비례하게 증가하였다. 옥상녹화와 투수성 포장에서 유출특성 저감률의 발생 차이는 각 방법의 매개변수인 수리전도도의 영향 때문인 것으로 판단된다. As the storm water runoff characteristics in urban areas have changed owing to urbanization, centralized facilities to reduce the urban flood runoff had been implemented. On the other hand, because they have their limitations, LID (Low Impact Development) of the distributed facilities for storm water runoff reduction is being actively planned and applied. The purpose of this study was to analyze the runoff characteristics for the spatial distribution of typical LID element techniques. This study set a study basin consisting of the five subbasins with the same basin and drainage systems, and analyzed the flood runoff characteristics from the two scenarios, one is for the locations and the other is for the number of green roofs (GR) and permeable pavement (PP), respectively, selected as typical LID element techniques. The SWMM implementation results showed that GR reduces 11.07% of the total and 3.42% of the peak amounts of storm water runoff, and PP leads to 18.09% of the total and 17.94% of the peak discharge reduction for a subbasin. Such a reduction rate is constant regardless of the LID locations, and increases linearly with the number of LID applications. The different runoff reduction rates between the GR and PP applications appear to be due to the effects of the different hydraulic conductivities in the control parameters for each LID.