안양 비산도서관

안영환(Ahn, Yeong-hwan) 현대건축사 2008 월간 CONCEPT Vol.- No.106

지방자치단체 민간이전지출의 영향분석

안영환(Yeong-Hwan Ahn) 한국정책분석평가학회 2005 政策分析評價學會報 Vol.15 No.4

  This study is aimed to analyze the impact on residents not receiving benefits of the supply of public service since the local auto government gave the social organization in its community the authority to function the related role. For the study, 74 city districts were selected as the objects with their data of general budget records over the period of 10-years(1995-2004).   The transfer expenditure having influence on distribution effects was analyzed by its pattern. In analysing influences, its pattern was classified according to the grant of monopoly and offering of subsidy and analysis was made as to each pattern having influences on the effectuality of the resource distribution.   The following enumerations are confirmed by the results of analysis as to the influence on the distribution effects resulted from the development of the transfer expenditure by local auto government transfer expenditure to private sector : The transfer expenditure for private sector has exercised great influence on a service arrival in service supply-cost and local community members, but it has no relevance to influence on a service arrival in service loss-cost and interested parties. It can be confirmed that the 2 patterns of the transfer expenditures to private sector have significant influence both on the grant of monopoly and offering of subsidy even though the patterns showed a different aspect respectively each other.

분권교부세의 재정지출효과에 관한 연구

안영환(Yeong-Hwan Ahn) 한국정책분석평가학회 2006 政策分析評價學會報 Vol.16 No.4

  According to the policy effect, the inter-government grants are different. Theoretically, when seeing from the local public utility side, the lump-sum grants system is desirable. In addition, the specific grants system in aid expenses effect is big from the creation of public goods and the local tax is increasing. This study is about the analysis how to convert the finance expenses effect when the part of a specific grants system in aid becomes a decentralization revenue sharing system. It is a part of revenue sharing system. It confirms that the analysis result shows the finance expenses effect that decentralization revenue sharing system is nearer public finance expenses effect than the lump-sum grants system. The decentralization revenue sharing system expects the effect of lump-sum grants system is possible, but it cannot exclude from the specific grants system in aid. Consequently, decentralization revenue sharing system is necessary to combine with a current local tax. Because we can utilize the decentralization revenue sharing system as a lump-sum grants system.

KHz 반복률에서의 Ti:sapphire 이득 스위칭 레이저 발진과 펨토초 처프펄스 재생 증폭

이용인,안영환,이상민,서민아,김대식,Lee, Yong-In,Ahn, Yeong-Hwan,Lee, Sang-Min,Seo, Min-Ah,Kim, Dai-Sik,Rotermund, Fabian 한국광학회 2006 한국광학회지 Vol.17 No.6

1kHz 반복률의 펨토초 펄스를 방출하는 안정된 Ti:sapphire 처프펄스 재생 증폭 시스템의 자체제작 및 최적화를 위해 시스템을 구성하는 각 요소들의 특성을 세부적으로 분석하였다. 사용된 증폭 공진기를 kHz 영역에서 반복률 변환 가능한 이득스위칭 레이저 구조로 변환하여 펄스 생성시간, 펌프출력에 따른 방출출력 특성 및 파괴여부, 펄스의 길이 및 파장가변 영역 등의 다양한 발진특성을 측정 분석하고, 이 결과를 기반으로 증폭 공진기를 설계하였으며, 내부에 설치된 포켈셀의 작동시간, 증폭 시 펄스의 공진횟수 등을 고려하여 증폭단을 최적화하였다. 증폭기의 종자펄스로는 자체제작된 커 렌즈 모드잠금 Ti:sapphire 레이저로부터 방출되는 50fs 펄스가 사용되었다. 종자펄스는 3개의 거울로 구성된 재생 증폭공진기에 입사되기 전에 펄스늘림기를 통해 120ps로 확대되었으며, 증폭 후 펄스길이의 재압축을 통해 815nm 영역에서 85fs, $320{\mu}J$의 극초단 펄스를 방출하는 1kHz 처프펄스 재생 증폭기를 제작하였다. We present a comprehensive study of a chirped pulse Ti:sapphire regenerative amplifier system operating at 1 kHz. Main constituents of the system are described in detail. The amplifier stage was first converted to a repetition rate-tunable kHz gain-switched nanosecond Ti:sapphire laser. Operation characteristics at different repetition rates such as build-up times of laser pulses, pump power-dependent output powers and pulse durations, damage thresholds, and tunability ranges were studied. Based on the results achieved, the switching time of the Pocket's cell used and the round trip numbers in the regenerative amplifier were optimized at 1 kHz. The output pulses with a pulse width of 50fs from a home-made Ken lens mode-locked Ti:sapphire oscillator were used as seed pulses. The pulses were expanded to 120ps in a grating stretcher prior to coupling into the 3-mirror amplifier cavity. After amplification and recompression, a stable 1kHz Ti:sapphire regenerative amplifier system, which delivers 85-fs, $320-{\mu}J$ pulses, was fully constructed.

수술후에 발생한 뇌경막하 긴장성 기두증

안영환,민병국,석종식,최덕영 대한신경외과학회 1988 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.17 No.6

Two cases of tension pneumocephalus following surgery are reported. Tension pneumocephalus appears to be another potential complication of the operation and should be considered whenever a patient fail to recover as expected following surgery. Peaking of frontal lobe, mountain appearance of frontal lobe, and air densities at the cisterns are characteristic findings of tension pneumocephalus. Its diagnosis and treatment are easy and simple.

고혈압성 피각 출혈 환자의 치료방법에 따른 결과 분석 : Surgical Versus Conservative Treatment

안영환,박관,김영백,민병국,황성남,석종식,최덕영 대한신경외과학회 1990 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.19 No.4

151 patients, with hypertensive putaminal hemorrhage, which confirmed by brain CT, were analyzed on the basis of Glasgow coma scale and Glasgow out come scale. The results of the treatment of hypertensive putaminal hemorrhage and the assessment of the prognostic factors were as follows: 1) The sex ratio was similar and the incidence was highest in the 5th decade for female and the 6th decade for male ; 75 percents of all cases were in the 5th and 6th decades. 2) A history of hypertension was a poor prognostic factor but a history of cerebrovascular disease was not a specific factor affecting the prognosis. 3) In the patients with low blood pressure, high G.C.S, and small amount of hematoma, were better the prognosis than in the patients with high blood pressure, low G.C.S, and large amount of hematoma. The prognosis was poor in old aged and in the patients with signs of herniation. 4) In the patients with G.C.S between 7-9, cerebral herniation signs, and the amount of hematoma between 40-80cc, the prognosis was better in operative treatment than conservative treatment. 5) The surgical modalities were not related to the prognosis.

수술을 시행한 뇌동맥류 환자의 임상분석

김홍수,안영환,박언섭,목진호,박관,김영백,민병국,황성남,석종식,최덕영 대한신경외과학회 1995 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.24 No.2

The author reviewed 294 cases of surgically treated cerebral aneurysms during the period from January, 1987 to December, 1992. The results were as follow : 1) The sex ratio between male and female was 1 : 1.53 and the mean age was 51.3 year. 2) At admission. 220 patients were in relatively good neurologic condition and functional recovery was obtained in 229 patients (78%) 3) The most common site was anterior communicating artery and the number of posterior circulation aneurysms was 12 (4%) 4) The incidence of multiple ancurysms was 4% and clinical vasospasm was observed in 19% of the patients. 5) Operative morality was 8.8% and the prognostic factors were related with age. sex, history of hypertension, amount of SAH, size and site of aneurysm, preperative neurologic state, clinical vasospasm, and timing ofoperation.

뇌종양에서 돌연변이형 p53단백 및 PCNA의 발현현상

김홍수,안영환,박언섭,목진호,박관,김영백,민병국,황성남,석종식,최덕영 대한신경외과학회 1995 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.24 No.2

Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples of 32 brain tumors(8 meningiomas, 10 astrocytomas(low grade 5, anaplastic 5), 8 glioblastoma multiforme, 6 oligodendrogliomas(low grade 2, anaplastic 3) were investigated by immunocytochemistry with monoclonal antibodies against p53 protein and proliferating cell unclear antigen(PCNA). Expression of p53 protein was detected in 1 of 5 cases(20%) of low grade astrocytomas, 2 of 5 cases(40%) of anaplastic astrocytoma, 4 of 8 cases(50%) of glioblastoma multiforme and 4 of 4 cases(100%) of malignant oligodendroglioma. All low grade oligodendrogliomas, meningiomas fail to express p53. Expression of PCNA was detected in 3 of 8 cases of meningioma with very low labelling index(0-0.3), 2 of 5 cases of low grade astrocytoma with low labelling index(0-11.3), 3 of 5 cases of anaplastic astrocytoma with middle labelling index(0-28.2), 6 of 8 cases of glioblastoma multiforme and 4 of 4 cases of malignant oligodendroglioma with high labelling index(0-92.3, 7.6-48.1). Expression of PCNA was not detected in low grade oligodendrogliomas. Tumor group with high expression of p53 protein showed increment of PCNA expression. A strong positive correlation between tumor grade and extent of p53 protein and PCNA expression was found(p<0.002).

Clinical Analysis of 65 Operated Cases of Lumbar Spinal Stenosis

Hwang, Sung Nam,Ahn, Yeong Hwan,Kim, Young Beag,Min, Byung Kook,Park, Kwan,Suk, Jong Sik,Choi, Duck Young 대한신경외과학회 1988 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.17 No.6

수술대상연령층이 점차 증가함에 따라 중년이후에 주로 문제가 되고 있는 퇴행성 요추강협착증 환자의 수술적응 대상도 증가하고 있다. 본 교실에서 1980년 1월부터 1988년 7월까지 수술했던 65례의 요추강협착증환자를 임상분석하였다. 환자의 연령층은 대부분 40대 이후(83%)였으나 20대 환자도 4례(6%)가 있었다. 단순요추 X-선소견으로는 일반적인 퇴행성변화를 볼수있었으며 척추전위가 동반된 예는 12례(19%)였다. 척수조영술상 많은 예에서 양측신경근초 또는 경막낭이 대칭적으로 압박을 받는 소견이 특징적이었으며 부분 또는 완전 폐 쇄도 보였다. 척추 CT는 척수조영술에서 진단이 힘든 측관(lateral canal)협착이나 측와(lateral recess)협착 또는 중심관(central canal)협착 등을 진단가능하게 하였다. 수술로서 확인된 HNP가 동반된 예는 36예로서 전체의 55%에 달하였다. 수술방법은 감압후궁절제, 측와 및 측관확장, 척추융합, 지방이식 등을 시행하였다.

뇌동정맥기형의 치료방법에 따른 임상분석

김한식,황성남,안영환,목진호,박관,김영백,민병국,석종식,최덕영 대한신경외과학회 1995 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.24 No.6

A series of 44 patients with cerebral arteriovenous malformations(AVM, s) treated by various modalities from January, 1987, to March, 1994, at Chung-Ang University Hospital were reviewed with emphasis on the outcome. Of these patients, 8 received conservative treatment 16 only surgery, 4 combined embolization and surgery, and 16 embolization alone. The fellow-up period ranged from 7 months to 54 months with a mean of 20.6 months. The efficacy of the combined treatment was evaluated by the complications and the clinical outcome. When compared with surgery alone, preoperative embolization facilitated surgery by reducing intraoperative bleeding and shortening the time of surgery. Clinical outcome was better after preoperative embolization, with no occurrence of major complications and mortality. Five AVM,s were totally occluded by embolization alone, but of the 5 cases, 1 case was readmitted due to bleeding 2 years after the embolization. It is concluded that combined treatment with preoperative embolization and surgery was helpful in the management of large, high grade AVM's by reducing the complications associated with their surgical removal.