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송석현,백승국,이민우,이영훈 대한안과학회 2020 Korean Journal of Ophthalmology Vol.34 No.1
Purpose: To investigate the effect of 0.1% bromfenac sodium hydrate ophthalmic solution for prevention of macularedema after cataract surgery in patients with diabetes. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 75 patients with diabetes who underwent cataract surgery was performed. Thirty-eight patients (52 eyes) were instilled with 0.1% bromfenac solution (bromfenac group) and 37 patients (46eyes) were not (control group). Results: There were no significant preoperative between-group differences. Compared to the control group,at 1 month after surgery, the bromfenac group showed slightly better best-corrected visual acuity (0.12 ± 0.12vs. 0.32 ± 0.42, p = 0.142), lower central macular thickness (265.58 ± 31.28 vs. 314.15 ± 76.11 μm, p < 0.001),and lower macular volume (8.46 ± 0.60 vs. 9.14 ± 1.53 mm3, p = 0.022). There were no significant differencesbetween the two groups at 4 and 6 months postoperatively (p > 0.05). Mean changes in central macular thicknessshowed significant differences at 1 and 4 months postoperatively (-1.44 ± 11.72 and 10.44 ± 22.48 μm inbromfenac group vs. 47.19 ± 70.24 and 31.69 ± 48.04 μm in control group, p < 0.001 and p = 0.016) and meanchanges in macular volume showed a significant difference at 1 month postoperatively (-0.08 ± 0.47 mm3 inbromfenac group vs. 0.58 ± 1.28 mm3 in control group, p < 0.001). There were no significant differences thereafter(p > 0.05). Conclusions: Treatment with 0.1% bromfenac sodium hydrate ophthalmic solution showed good efficacy forpreventing cystoid macular edema early after cataract surgery in patients with diabetes.
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Louis I. Kahn의 디자인 개념과 형태 요소에 따른 평면구성 SCHEMA에 관한 연구
송석현,차명열,김원갑 대한건축학회 2004 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.20 No.3
Design is a result from representation of visual language by designer's creative thinking and reasoning, and operated only in our internal organization system. Design as ill-defined problem cannot be described logically and perfectly. Depend on situation, design require subjective analysis. and It has the organization of What is Rank character. But because "Concept" is only considered in the designer's thinking system, shape vocabularies that actually can be used for expressions of design are extremely restricted. Sometimes design should start with changing situations, unclear requirements, subjective analysis. But design concept can control design thinking system from starts to productions. Design concepts are stored in our brains and retrieved as three major types such as elements, relationships and schema. One of these words, the schema that formed by problems settlement and process repetitions for the best conclusion, not only play an important part in the designer's thinking system about a specific problem but also appeared by distinctive features and included by connotations as like a designer's ideology. At this point. The purpose of this study is that analyze not only the formative expression but also modeling process of design elements in modern architectural design to establish a clear-system of "Design Operating System" and to show the "Characteristic of Plane Organization" by the he Architectural Design Elements and the Relationship through the Design of Louis I. Kahn. and Design knowledge as elements, relationships and schema have been explained to understand "Design System" operated in our brains. Upon these studies, design of Louis, I. Kahn have been analysed.
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코경유눈물주머니코안연결술 시 트리암시놀론을 적신 코충전물의 임상적 효과
송석현,이가현 대한안과학회 2018 대한안과학회지 Vol.59 No.4
Purpose: To evaluate the clinical effects of triamcinolone-soaked nasal packing on endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR). Methods: The study included 91 patients (156 eyes) with primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction who underwent endonasal DCR from March 2015 to February 2017. A total of 50 eyes were packed with triamcinolone-soaked Nasopore® and 106 eyes were packed with Nasopore® without triamcinolone (control group). The anatomical and functional success percentage, revision percentage, and postoperative complications such as granulation, synechiae, and membrane formation were compared between the groups at 1 week, 1 month, 2 months, and 4 months postoperatively. Results: At postoperative 2 months, there was a statistically significant difference in the anatomical success percentage in the triamcinolone-soaked group (100%) compared to the control group (86.8%; p = 0.007). There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in anatomical success percentage at postoperative 4 months (p > 0.05). However, there was a statistically significant difference in the functional success percentage in the triamcinolone-soaked group (92.0%) compared to the control group (78.3%; p = 0.035). When comparing postoperative complications, the triamcinolone-soaked group (4.0%) had a lower incidence of granulation than the control group (16.0%) (p = 0.032), but there were no differences in synechiae and membrane formation (p > 0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in the revision percentage in the triamcinolone-soaked group (4.0%) compared to the control group (16.0%) (p = 0.032). Conclusions: Triamcinolone-soaked nasal packing for endonasal DCR is an effective method for increasing the success percentage and lowering the incidence of granuloma and revision percentages. 목적: 코경유눈물주머니코안연결술 중 트리암시놀론을 적신 코충전물을 사용하여 얻을 수 있는 임상적 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 대상과 방법: 2015년 3월부터 2017년 2월까지 코눈물관막힘으로 코경유눈물주머니코안연결술을 시행받은 환자 91명, 156안을 코충전물로 트리암시놀론을 적신 NasoporeⓇ를 넣은 군(50안)과 트리암시놀론을 적시지 않은 NasoporeⓇ를 넣은 군(106안)으로 나누어 후향적 연구를 시행하였다. 수술 후 1주, 1, 2, 4개월에 눈물흘림 증상의 정도, 눈물소관 관류 검사, 비내시경 검사 결과를 평가하여 기능적 및 해부학적 수술 성공률, 재수술 여부, 합병증 발생 여부를 비교 분석하였다. 결과: 해부학적 수술 성공률은 수술 후 2개월에 트리암시놀론 사용군이 100%로 대조군 86.8%에 비해 통계학적으로 유의하게 높았으며(p=0.007), 술 후 4개월에는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다(p>0.05). 기능적 수술 성공률은 수술 후 4개월에 트리암시놀론 사용군이 92.0%로 대조군 78.3%에 비해 통계학적으로 유의하게 높은 결과를 보였다(p=0.035). 수술 후 육아종은 트리암시놀론 사용군 2안(4.0%), 대조군 17안(16.0%)에서 발생하여 트리암시놀론 사용군에서 통계학적으로 유의하게 적었으며(p=0.032), 그 외 비강내 유착, 막 형성에서는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다(p>0.05). 재수술이 필요한 경우는 트리암시놀론 사용군 2안(4.0%), 대조군 17안(16.0%)으로 트리암시놀론 사용군에서 통계학적으로 유의하게 더 적은 결과를 보였다(p=0.032). 결론: 코경유눈물주머니코안연결술 시 트리암시놀론을 적신 코충전물의 사용은 수술 성공률을 높이고 육아종 발생과 재수술률을 낮추는 데 효과적인 치료방법이 될 것으로 생각된다.
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디자인 예술과 인지과학을 활용한 건축 디자인언어의 분석
송석현 한국실내디자인학회 2015 한국실내디자인학회논문집 Vol.24 No.3
The target of design is a harmony between Beauty and Usefulness. Design is a result from representation of visual language by designer's creative thinking system. also, As an ill-defined problem cannot be described completely. and subjectively interpret depend on the situation, it is very difficult to present a theoretical standard. There have been many Design Sciences researches in recent years. such as Rule Based Design, Parametric Design, Replacement Design, Analogy Design, Metaphor Design, Genetic Algorithm. but Objective research is still unsatisfactory condition to investigate true nature about Design. At this point, It is very important to formulating about meaning of Design Language and Thinking. This study will define about that, and based on this definition, Lay out a logical basis for Treatment design variable and materialization of process by “Elements”, “Relationship”, “Schema”. ultimately it look forward to provide a framework and minimize the complexity about Design Thinking. 오늘날의 디자이너에게는 높은 직업적 능력과 문제 해결을 위한 지식뿐만 아니라 전문적인 기술과 다양한 책임이 요구되고 있다. 따라서 점차 디자이너의 사고와 그에 따른 결정에 대한 정당성을 부여할 수 있는 체계적이고도 합리적인 이론의 필요성은 더욱 절실해졌지만 여전히 많은 이론적 부분들은 디자이너의 내적 활동과 직관적 창조에만 의존하여 체계적으로 설명되지 못하고 있는 문제점들이 나타나고 있다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 디자인 언어(Design Language)에 대한 기본 의미와 디자인 사고의 본질을 정립하고 이를 ‘요소와 관계’ 개념에서 관련학문 및 이론을 바탕으로 논리적으로 규명하도록 한다. 또한 디자인 사고의 영역 안에서 발생하는 변수처리 및 구체화 과정을 schema와 사고 확장 측면에서 체계적으로 분석하여 제시함으로써 복잡성을 최소화 하고 디자이너로 하여금 다양한 디자인 언어(Design Language)를 활용할 수 있도록 기본 ‘틀’을 제시하는데 목적이 있다.
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