기술보호 측면에서의 특허 명세서 작성 전략 -얼음 정수기 소송 사례를 중심으로-

설인환,지선구 한국산학기술학회 2023 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.24 No.12

For strong protection of technologies, all inventions should be included in the patent specification in detail. Attention should be paid to the preparation of specifications such as stating the claim in a manner that includes all major technical features. In particular, it is necessary to prepare a specification that can be amended in patent litigation, if necessary. In this study, a strategy for preparing a patent specification was proposed after reviewing amendment issues in the case of ice water purifiers, which were recently the subject of patent infringement litigation and patent invalidation. The amendments should be made so that the defendant's product does not deviate from the infringement while adding a minimum of features to the claim. Hence, the technical characteristics of the patent were classified and the amendment suitability was calculated. It was confirmed that it is important to include various technologies that are expected to be employed by competitors or that are likely to be adopted in the flow of technology development in preparation for subsequent patent disputes. In addition, the matter included in the drawings can be technically interpreted in various ways and used for amendments. Hence, it is necessary to prepare and attach a number of drawings.

특허기술의 권리회복심사 방법 연구

설인환,지선구 한국산학기술학회 2022 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.23 No.7

As we become part of the global economy, patent disputes are increasing rapidly. It is necessary to support the acquisition of patent rights by improving the decision method for the re-establishment of patents so that Korean companies can enter the global markets and compete. In this study, the decision process of re-establishment under the Patent Act was newly presented by referring to the guidelines of major advanced countries, such as Japan and Europe. As a new decision methodology, this study first judges whether the event that directly caused the delay was predictable and then proposes a procedure to review the validity of pre-case and post-case measures according to the nature of the event. When determining the validity of measures, this study considers the type of events, which were classified into inevitable cases such as natural disasters, artificial negligence, and other unexpected events, such as system defects or accidents. It is designed to determine whether necessary measures were taken and whether the response level was appropriate for the event type. As a result, patent procedures that were not acceptable under the current strict re-establishment requirements will be re-processed, creating an environment in which Korean companies can acquire patent rights more easily. 경제가 글로벌화 되면서 특허 분쟁이 급증하고 있다. 우리나라 기업이 해외에 진출해 경쟁할 수 있도록 권리회복심사 프로세스를 개선해 특허권 획득을 지원할 필요가 있다. 본 연구에서는 특허법 상 권리회복에 관한 심사 프로세스와 심사 방법을 일본, 유럽 등 주요 선진국의 심사 가이드라인을 참고해 새롭게 제시하였다. 본 연구는 신규 권리회복심사 방법으로서 먼저, 기간 해태의 직접적 원인이 된 사건의 예측 가능 여부를 1차적으로 판단하고, 다음으로 기간 도과를 유발한 사건을 명확히 한 후 사건의 성격에 따라 사건 전 조치의 합당성, 사건 후 조치의 합당성을 검토하는 절차를 제안한다. 조치의 합당성을 판단할 때는 사건의 유형을 고려한다. 사건의 유형을 천재지변 등과 같이 불가피한 경우, 인위적인 과실이 있었던 경우 및 기타 시스템 불량이나 사고 등 예기치 않은 사건이 발생한 경우로 구분하고 필요한 조치를 취했는지 여부 및 그 수준이 적정했는지를 판단하도록 설계하였다. 이에 따라 종전 엄격한 권리회복요건 하에서 인정받지 못했던 절차들에 대해 다시 절차를 밟게 됨으로써 우리나라 기업이 좀 더 쉽게 특허권을 획득할 수 있는 환경을 조성할 수 있게 된다.

지방자치단체에 대한 학교시설비 지원의 공평성

설인환 한국지방재정학회 2010 한국지방재정논집 Vol.15 No.3

This thesis analyzes the central government’s school facility funding to local governments in terms of equity as well as adequacy based on the framework of school finance equity. The central government has adapted new funding systems to correct inequities and inadequacies in funding for school facilities from 2000 to 2005. The analysis result proves that the funding in metropolitan cities compared to other non-metropolitan areas was more inadequate and more inequitable. Again, results show that the central government has established fiscal neutrality, but not horizontal equity or vertical equity in facility funding to local governments. Therefore, it is concluded that the new funding systems which central government has adapted to correct inequities and inadequacies in funding for school facilities successfully improved the adequacy, but they failed to improve the equity

명시적/암시적 수식의 계산 오차 수정을 통한 3D 프린팅 지지구조 단층촬영법의 개선

설인환 한국섬유공학회 2023 한국섬유공학회지 Vol.60 No.3

The authors recently presented a new calculation scheme, designated as supportstructure tomography, which can easily predict and minimize the amount of the supportstructure in waterproof human mannequin 3D printing. It started with voxelization oftriangular mannequin mesh and predicted the information of support structure by triangles’normal vector information. It could be implemented in either explicit or implicit formula. The former could give both positions and amounts of support structure; while theimplicit could give total mount only. By the way, two methods gave a little different resultbecause of numerical errors in voxelization. This work reduced the noise reduction algorithmto one pass and stored only z-components in triangle normal vectors to deal withsuch discrepancy. The modified algorithm’s accuracy was compared with that of g-codebasedslicing software for a several typical shapes.

정부의 학교재정지원에 대한 공평성 연구 : 서울특별시 공립 초·중·고등학교를 중심으로

설인환 한국정책개발학회 2014 정책개발연구 Vol.14 No.1

본격적인 지방자치시대를 맞이하여 학교 지원에 대한 선거 공약이 늘어나고 있는 가운데 지역 간 교육 불공평에 관한 논란이 끊이지 않고 있다. 본 연구는 2007년부터 2011년 기간 동안 서울에 있는 초·중·고등학교에 대한 중앙정부와 지방정부의 학교비 지원 시스템에 공평성이 있는지에 대해 학교 공평성 분석 도구들을 사용하여 분석하였다. 공평성이 있다고 판정을 내리는 것은 수평적 공평, 수직적 공평, 그리고 재정적 중립성 등 3가지 공평을 모두 갖춘 경우이다. 수평적 공평성 측정에는 범위, 변동계수, 맥룬지수, 버스티겐지수 등 통계적 방법을 사용하여 지원에 대한 분포를 살폈으며, 수직적 공평성 측정에는 학생당 수입액 크기와 학교 복지지표와의 상관관계를 알게 해주는 상관계수와 학교 급별로 수입액을 비교하는 방법을 사용했다. 재정적 중립성 측정에는 강남 3구(강남, 서초, 송파) 소재 학교의 학생당 수입액과 나머지 구의 학교학생당 수입의 크기를 비교하는 방법을 사용했다. 분석결과, 수평적 공평성과 수직적 공평성은 없었고, 재정적 중립성은 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 종합해 볼 때, 정부의 초·중·고등학교에 대한 재정지원시스템에는 공평성이 확보되어 있지 못했다. Since the start of Local Government, there is an increasing number of campaign pledges on school finance equity. But debate on regional inequity in education is still ongoing. This study analyzes the equity in central and local governments' school funding system for all types of public schools (primary, middle and high schools) in Seoul by utilizing current equity analysis tools. The system is assessed as equitable only when it fulfills all three factors of finance equity; horizontal equity, vertical equity and fiscal neutrality. For horizontal equity, the distribution of funds was analyzed through the use of equity statistical methods such as coefficient of variation, McLoone index and Verstegen index. The test for vertical equity was assessed based on the correlation coefficient between revenue per student and welfare index, and comparison of revenue by school type. For fiscal neutrality assessment, the revenue per student in 3 areas in Gangnam (Gangnam, Seocho and Songpa) was compared with other areas in Seoul. The result shows that the central and local governments have established fiscal neutrality, but not horizontal or vertical equity in funding to public schools. Overall, it proves that the funding system of the central and local governments for public schools in Seoul is inequitable.

나노 TiO₂와 나노 은의 광증착을 이용한 폴리우레탄 멤브레인의 항균성 부여 연구

설인환,김영아,이현정,채석,민병길,Sul, In Hwan,Kim, Young-A,Lee, Hyun Jeong,Chae, Seog,Min, Byung Gil 한국섬유공학회 2013 한국섬유공학회지 Vol.50 No.5

Polyurethane membrane was chosen as an alternate for Gore-Tex$^{(R)}$ used in outdoor sportswear. Antimicrobial property was induced by dispersing titanium dioxide ($TiO_2$) particles on the surface of the membrane via sonication. Furthermore, Ag particle was photodeposited on the $TiO_2$ particles via UV irradiation to enhance the photocatalytic activity. Measurements using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy showed that $TiO_2$ and Ag particles were evenly deposited on the membrane. In addition, the antimicrobial property against Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus was validated using the shake flask method and clear zone method.

4분원 이미지 처리기법을 이용한 Type-I 원사 패키지 권취불량의 자동검출

설인환,Sul, In Hwan 한국섬유공학회 2015 한국섬유공학회지 Vol.52 No.2

Information and communication technology (ICT) can enhance the performance of conventional fibers and the textile manufacturing process. In this work, an image-processing technique was adapted for the automatic inspection of the winding form of yarn packages, which is a critical factor for effective and seamless fiber/textile manufacturing. Raw images were dissected to quadrantal formats and then transformed to rectangular shapes for the ease of processing. Two parameters, fiber orientation angle and shape factor of the fiber orienting bounding box were proposed to filter out badly aligned fibers on the package surface. Various sizes and shapes of packages were used for verification of the proposed method.

PCR 기법을 사용한 옥수수 미토콘드리아 변이체 (NADH-dehydrogenase)의 선별과 재분화

설인환 한국생명과학회 1998 생명과학회지 Vol.8 No.1

옥수수의 미토콘드리아 변이체(NGS2)는 전자전달계 내의 NADH dehydrogenase를 구성하고 있는 subunit 4와 7 유전자의 재조합에 의해서 생성된 변이체이다. 이들의 변이체들은 식물의 성장과 발육에 절대적인 영양을 미치며, 또한 기내에서의 callus line들의 생성과 발달에도 상당한 영향을 미친다. 이들의 미토콘드리아 mutant 들은 3개의 primer를 사용하는 PCR 방법에 의해서 쉽게 선별이 가능하며, 세포 내의 키토콘드리아 변이 정도를 간접적으로 추측케 하며, 체시포 분열시 세포질 내의 기관들이 random으로 분리되는 현상을 간법적으로 알 수 있다. NGS2 mutant들에서 유기된callus line들은 식물체 재문화에도 영향을 미쳐 murant 미토콘드리아가 많은 call line들에슨 실질적인 부정 줄기의 유기를 방해하는 것으로 사료된다. 결론적으로 NADH-dehydrogenase는 식물체가 재분화 또는 성장하는데 있엇 필요한 요소라고 생각된다. The maize mitochondrial mutant (NCS2) is derived from homologous recombination between genes encoding NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4 and subunit 6. Plants from mitochondria mutants exhibited severe related growth and development including dwarfism and striping on the leaves. Aborted embryos from NCS2 mutants have been rescued and cultured on the N6 medium supplemented with 2,4-D 1 mg/l. Most calli from NCS2 aborted embryos showed slow growing pattern at first stage. However, upon continuous culturing them on the medium, those were segregated into mutant and normal callus lines. These segregations could be detected by using PCR method with three primers. Such segregation seems to be resulted from the preferential growth of normal cells over the mutant cells on the normal culture condition. Therefore, this method can be used for determining rate of indirect cytoplasmic segregation by estimating amplified band intensities. When NCS2 mutant callus lines cultured on regeneration medium, no adventitious shoot induction was observed. However, callus lines with more mitochondria induced adventitious shoots. These studies suggest that mitochondria NADH-dehydrogenase for electron transport in the inner membrane of mitochondria is essential for the differentiation and development of plants.

3차원 의복 디자인에서의 예각 다트를 고려한 삼각형 메쉬 생성 알고리즘

설인환,김성민,강태진,Sul In-Hwan,Kim Sung-Min,Kang Tae-Jin 한국섬유공학회 2006 한국섬유공학회지 Vol.43 No.1

A new Triangular mesh generation algorithm based on Delaunay triangulation for three-dimensional apparel CAD system was developed. Triangular element shape was chosen to represent complex pattern shapes effectively. The triangulation scheme is based on incremental searching method and extreme pattern geometries such as a narrow dart angle, which conventional mesh generation algorithms could not deal with, was considered. The initial pattern shape is assumed to be a general non-convex polygon with holes and darts. Input data were transformed to an integer domain to reduce round off error. Local triangulation scheme and edge-based half-plane searching scheme were used to optimize calculation speed and the resultant meshes showed good triangulation for 3D apparel CAD patterns.

Particle based method을 이용한 실시간 의복 시뮬레이션의 연산 속도 고찰

설인환,박창규,Sul, In-Hwan,Park, Chang-Kyu 한국섬유공학회 2009 한국섬유공학회지 Vol.46 No.6

A real-time garment simulation is a key factor in computer-aided design and manufacturing of apparels. We studied the efficiency of a particle based cloth simulation method using a semi-implicit integration. Material properties including tensile, shearing and bending forces were considered in the governing equation to fully represent fabrics' behavior and a triangle-to-triangle based hierarchical collision detection algorithm was devised to avoid possible clothto-cloth and cloth-to-body collisions. The simulation speeds for several kinds of garments were tested and the results were displayed using three dimensional graphics.