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박형숙,정명주 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 1996 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.24 No.6
An Extremely halophilic bacterium was isolated from solar salts. The isolated strain was Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, and motile bacterium. The colony was circular, smooth, and red-orange color. The strain showed pleomorphism depending on magnesium ion concentrations. The range of temperature and pH for growth of the isolate were 35 -45$\circ$C and 7.0 - 9.0. NaCl concentration for growth of it was 4.3 - 5.0 M. The isolate was catalase and oxidase positive, and sensitive to bacitracin. It showed starch hydrolyzing and acid forming characteristics. DNA G+C content was 62.7 mol%. The morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics of the isolate resembled those of the Haloarcula vallismortis, therefore it was identified as Haloarcula sp. EH-1.
박형숙,박광식 한국환경독성학회 2004 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.19 No.2
Human exposure to highly nickel-polluted environments, such as those associated with nickel refining, electroplating, and welding, has the potential to produce a variety of pathologic effects. Among them are skin allergies, lung fibrosis, and cancer of the respiratory tract. The exact mechanisms of nickel-induced carcinogenesis are not known and have been the subject of numerous epidemiologic and experimental investigations. This review provides the evidence of the current state for the genotoxic and mutagenic activity of Ni(Ⅱ) particularly at high doses. Such doses are best delivered into the cells by phagocytosis of sparingly soluble nicikelcontaining dust particles. Ni(Ⅱ) genotoxicity may be aggravated through the generation of DNA-damaging reactive oxygen species(ROS) and the inhibition of DNA repair by this metal. The epigenetic effects of nickel includes alteration in gene expression resulting from DNA hypermethylation and histone hypoacetylation, as well as activation some signaling pathways and subsequent transcrziption factors.
박형숙 한국환경독성학회 2003 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.18 No.3
Cr(Ⅵ)-containing compounds are well-established carcinogens, although the mechanism for chromium-induced carcinogenesis is still not well understood. The reduction of Cr(Ⅵ) to its lower oxidation states, particularly Cr(Ⅴ) and Cr(Ⅳ), is an important step for the production of chromium-mediated reactive oxygen species(ROS). The persistent oxidative stress during the reduction process may play a key role in the mechanism of Cr(Ⅵ)-induced carcinogenesis. This paper summarizes recent studies on (Ⅰ) the reuction of Cr(Ⅵ) to Cr(Ⅲ) occur by a multiplicity of mechanisms depending on the nature of reducing agents including ascorbate, diol-and thiol-containing molecules, certain flavoenzymes, cell orgenells, intact cells, and whole animals; (2) free-radical production with emphasis on hydroxy radical generation via Fenton or Haber-Weiss type reactions; and (3) free radical-induced cellular damage, such as DNA stand breaks, hydroxylation of 2´-deoxyguanosine, and activation of nuclear transcription factor κB.
Styrene 및 Styrene-oxide가 송사리 알의 초기발생 과정에 미치는 독성 : Oryzias latipes
박형숙,안혜원 한국환경독성학회 2000 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.15 No.3
Toxic lesions of styrene in the Japanese Medaka (Oryzias latipes) were compared with those of styrene oxide, the active metabolite of styrene, using embryo-larval assays. The developmental stages of Japanese Medaka (Oryzias latipes) treated with both chemicals were not altered and progressed normally. However, styrene oxide was more toxic than styrene in terms of causing death and lesions. High concentrations of styrene (higher than 4.9 ppm) and styrene oxide (higher than 2.4 ppm), resulting in more than 50% mortality, caused similar lesions of cardiovascular system, craniofacial bone formation and spinal deformities, although a number of lesions were not observed by both chemicals. In the group treated with styrene, eyeball sizes and intereye distances were reduced, while, in the group treated with styrene oxide, the eyes and eye cups were not developed and two eyes were sometimes fused. In addition, styrene oxide caused the lesion which involved the posterior brain and brain stem were herniated through the spinal cord. The noticeable difference of toxic symptoms between these two chemicals was the time of onset. Toxicities of cardiovascular system and craniofacial bone formation appeared on day 3 of development in styrene oxide treated group, but, styrene treated group stared to show hemorrhages on day 3 and the craniofacial malformation were appeared on day 5. These differences between two chemicals may be due to the metabolism of styrene to styrene oxide, the reactive intermediate.