Survey on Geochemical Characteristics of Groundwater Around Carcass Burial Area and Agricultural Area with Livestock Facilities

박선화,김태승,김현구,김문수,권오상,이민경 한국토양비료학회 2014 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.47 No.6

In this study, chemical characteristics of groundwater around carcass burial areas and those in agricultural andlivestock-farming complex areas in South Korea were monitored. Groundwater samples were collected from166 wells around carcass burial sites and 466 wells around the agricultural areas where carcass burial sites areabsent. The chemical parameters (pH, electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen, oxidation reduction potential,NO3-N, NH4-N, and Cl-) in carcass burial areas and agricultural areas were similar. The NO3-N concentrationsexhibited minimal seasonal fluctuations below 30 mg L-1 in most of the wells, even in the wells located closeto the carcass burial sites; and Cl- concentrations also showed similar patterns. The chemical characteristics ofgroundwater monitored in this study indicated that groundwater was widely contaminated by agriculturalactivities and livestock farming, but probably not by leachates derived from nearby carcass burial sites.

윌리엄 제임스의 성인다움과 개인의 체험적 신앙: 그레엄 그린의 『권력과 영광』을 중심으로

박선화 한국문학과종교학회 2018 문학과종교 Vol.23 No.4

This paper aims to examine Whiskey Priest’s journey to become a saint in Graham Greene’s The Power and the Glory in light of William James’s concept of saintliness. James denounces traditional religion by emphasizing the religious experiences that every one can achieve. He argues that people are different, which means that all the religions are not the same. According to James, the individual, who feels divinity through spiritual communion, can exceed his or her limit as a being and have love and harmony as well as freedom. Such saintliness is shown in Whiskey Priest’s experiences as an alcoholic and an adulterer with one woman of his followers. He witnesses and goes through all distresses while running away from a lieutenant who persecutes Catholicism in Tabasco, Mexico. He realizes how superficial his duty as a priest was when he enjoyed his glorious position in his parish. With the paternal love to his daughter, he begins to have true love towards neighbors in the villages. He surrenders his security and accepts arrest and ultimately his death. By attempting to follow his faith under the difficult situations, the priest can be a representative of the saints James describes. 이 논문에서는 윌리엄 제임스의 성인다움에 비추어 그레엄 그린의 『권력과 영광』에서의 위스키 사제가 성인이 되어가는 과정을 살펴보고자 한다. 제임스는 종교 교리를 배척하고 개인 누구나 노력함으로써 성취할 수 있는 종교적 경험을 강조한다. 제임스는 모든 개인이 동일하지 않기 때문에 종교 또한 동일한 종교가 존재할 수 없다고 주장한다. 개인이 고차원적 존재와 영적 교감을 통해 신성을 경험하게 된다면 자아의 한계를 초월하여 무한한 자유를 누릴 수 있으며 사랑과 조화를 느끼게 된다는 것이다. 이러한 성인다움은 알코올 중독자이자 술에 취해 얻은 딸을 둔 위스키 사제가 사제의 지위에서 일반인의 자리로 내려와 온갖 고난을 겪는 과정에서 재현된다. 사제는 가톨릭 박해자인 경위의 추적을 피해 도망 다니는 과정에서 사람들을 만나고 그 과정에서 그동안의 사제로서의 임무가 피상적인 것이었음을 인식한다. 딸에 대한 사랑을 느끼는 동시에 사람들에 대한 사랑을 진정으로 인식한다. 사제는 안온한 삶을 살 수 있는 기회가 주어진 상황에서 마지막 사제로서의 임무를 수행하려고 노력하다 체포되고 사형 당한다. 이러한 종교적 경험을 보여주는 사제는 제임스가 주장한 성인다움을 대변하는 인물이라 할 수 있겠다.

낙관주의적 성품과 종교: 더글러스 스튜어트의 『셔기 베인』에서의 행복과 구원

박선화 한국문학과종교학회 2022 문학과종교 Vol.27 No.3

Abstract: This paper examines redemptive qualities represented in Douglas Stuart’s Shuggie Bain, the 2020 Booker Prize-winning novel. Shuggie, who is a third generation of Irish working-class immigrants settled in Glasgow, Scotland, believes that his mother Agnes Bain might overcome her alcoholism. Watching his unfaithful father and selfish step-brother and sister leaving the family house, Shuggie still does not give up on his mother. So every day, Shuggie does his best to do whatever he can to make his mother happy who is abandoned by both Catholics and Protestants in the community. According to William James’s The Varieties of Religious Experience, this character Shuggie can be closely connected to the religious person with healthy-mindedness that sees happiness as the most important quality in religious life. This paper attempts to show Shuggie’s moment of redemption after his 10 year journey to overcome the misery of his childhood while at the same time striving to save his mother from herself. 본 논문에서는 2020년 부커상 수상작인 더글러스 스튜어트의 『셔기 베인』에 나타난 구원의 문제를 다룬다. 아일랜드계 이민자 3세대 출신으로서 스코틀랜드 글래스고의 노동자 계층의 셔기는 알코올 중독자 어머니가 중독에서 벗어나 행복한 삶을 살 수 있을 것이라는 희망을 품고 있다. 바람기 많은 아버지와 의붓형 그리고 누나가 차례로 집을 떠나는 것을 지켜보면서 셔기는 매일 아침 어머니가 변할 수도 있을 것이라는 믿음으로 시작한다. 여기서 가톨릭과 개신교의 반목 관계가 난무하는 가운데 두 종교로부터 버림받은 어머니를 행복하게 할 수 있는 일은 무엇이든지 하겠다는 셔기는 윌리엄 제임스의 낙관주의적 성품을 지닌 종교적 인간으로 볼 수 있다. 제임스가 말하는 낙관주의적 성품은 삶의 주요 관심사를 행복으로 보고 행복을 느끼는 것이 종교적 삶에서 중요한 역할을 한다고 믿는 것과 연계되어 있다. 이에 의해 셔기의 10여 년의 삶을 돌아보면서 불행 속에서도 행복을 끌어안는 구원의 양상들을 살펴보았다.

『라이프 오브 파이』의 소설과 영화에 재현된 다종교

박선화 한국문학과종교학회 2017 문학과종교 Vol.22 No.1

이 논문에서는 『라이프 오브 파이』와 각색 영화에 재현된 주인공의 다종교 적 믿음을 살펴보고 이 믿음이 난파에서 생존하게 한 힘이었다는 것을 보이고 자 한다. 소설과 영화는 파이가 호랑이와 구명보트에 동승한 채 227일간 태평양 을 떠도는 과정을 다룬다. 이 과정에서 소설과 영화는 파이가 생존하기 위해 살 인하고 인육을 먹는 사실을 다르게 재현하지만, 궁극적으로 작가와 감독은 소년 의 다종교적 믿음이 삶의 동인이 되었다는 것을 보여주고자 한 것으로 보인다. 작가와 감독은 파이의 그러한 잔인한 행위가 용서받을 수 있는 행위인가를 묻 는 것이 아니라, 인간 이하 수준으로까지 추락하는 파이를 보여줌으로써 포스트 모던 주체, 즉 불완전한 주체를 제시한다. 여기서 파이가 보여주는 다종교적 믿 음은 어느 종파나 어느 신이 중요한 것이 아니라, 포스트모던 주체의 불안한 존 재, 즉 나아가 불완전한 인간이 무한대로 의지하는 신에 대한 믿음으로 생존할 수 있었음을 보여주는 것과 연관되어 있다. 이런 점에서 『라이프 오브 파이』는 신을 믿게 만드는 이야기라 할 수 있다. This paper aims to examine Pi’s religious pluralism in the Life of Pi in addition to its film adaptation, which is the driving force for the protagonist’s survival of a 227-day ship wreck in the Pacific Ocean. The novel and its movie are a narrative about the cohabitation of Pi and a tiger in a lifeboat. The narrative shows that Pi’s survival is based on his religious faith; in contrast, it depicts a different view point regarding the fact that Pi kills humans and eats their flesh for his survival. The writer and the movie director try to show whether or not Pi is forgiven for killing humans by illustrating the level of dehumanization that occurred when faced with subhuman conditions. Here, Pi’s religious pluralism is connected to his belief that he can survive as long as he relies on his God, and it is important to note that it is not about which gods or which religious sects he is affiliated with. In this respect, Life of Pi can be considered a good example to inspire readers believe in God, by showing every human being is imperfect.

샬롯 퍼킨스 길먼의 『허랜드』에 드러난 인종주의와 우생학적 이데올로기

박선화 한국근대영미소설학회 2022 근대 영미소설 Vol.29 No.2

With the feminism movement in the 1960s and 1970s, Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s Herland was considerably discussed as a feminist utopian novel. Since the 2010s, however, Herland has been reconsidered with different approaches, including the most controversial aspects of the Herlanders’ racialism based on their homogeneous community with parthenogenesis, and the use of negative eugenics which allows sterilizing Herlanders alleged to have undesirable genes through their artificial selection and exclusion. To discuss the racialism and negative eugenics, this paper focuses on a male narrator who comes to perceive the idea of animality as encompassing a range of organic forms including asexual plants and animals. At first, he respects Herlanders by recognizing their high-level culture, education and economy. Later, he begins to feel uncomfortable about the ‘all-too-perfect’ community. Despite their civilization, Herlanders want to unite even with males for their evolution after learning other cultures. Therefore, this paper argues that Gilman uses the male narrator to reveal the problems of the Herlanders’ system and at the same time, more importantly, suggests another imagined utopia which can evolve with the harmony and unity of both sexes, not only women. .

포인트 정합법을 이용한 다층형 전자흡수 구조 설계 연구

박선화,장병욱,박정선,이원준,주영식 한국항공우주학회 2012 한국항공우주학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.2012 No.11

본 논문에서는 포인트 정합법을 이용하여 광대역 특성을 나타내는 다층형 전파흡수 구조를 설계하였다. 전파흡수 구조는 2층형으로 구성하였고 각층의 두께와 손실재로 사용된 탄소나노소재의 무게분율을 설계변수로 하였다. 설계를 위하여 유전자 알고리즘을 사용하였으며, 선정된 정합주파수들에서 계산된 반사손실의 합을 목적함수로 적용하였다. 반사손실은 파동전송행렬로 계산하였고 정합주파수는 중심주파수에 대하여 대역을 증가시킴으로 설정하였다. 설계된 전파흡수 구조는 8~12㎓에서 -20㏈ 이상의 전자파 흡수 성능을 나타내었다. In this study, multi-layered radar absorbing structure(RAS) was designed to have broadband absorption feature by using point matching method. The RAS was considered as double layered structure. Design variables were thickness and content of lossy material of each layer. Genetic algorithm was employed for optimization and the objective function was summation of reflection loss which calculated for matching frequencies. The reflection loss was obtained by wave transmission matrix. The matching frequencies are selected on both side of target frequency. The results reveal that designed RAS has radar absorption performance lower than ?20㏈ for selected frequencies.

단일 기판 상에 다양한 제작 조건을 갖는 다공질규소 층의 제작 방법

박선화,김영유,송정훈,이기원 한국물리학회 2008 새물리 Vol.57 No.3

In this study, we investigated a new method to make a porous silicon layer with various fabrication conditions on a single substrate. In contrast to conventional methods, this method makes the samples through an anodization process while inserting the silicon wafer gradually or by stages into a hydrofluoric acid solution. Consequently, a sample having three different structures was made on a single substrate in our experiment. The surface and cross sections of the fabricated porous silicon layer were observed by using a scanning electron microscope. Moreover, the photoluminescence spectra of the porous silicon layer were measured, and potential applications are introduced. 본 연구에서는 다양한 제작 조건을 갖는 다공질규소를 단일 기판 위에 제작하는 방법을 개발하였다. 이 방법은 기존의 방법과는 달리 불화수소 용액 속에 규소기판과 백금전극을 연속적으로 또는 단계적으로 삽입하면서 양극산화 과정을 통해 다공질규소를 제작한다. 이 방법을 이용하여 서로 다른 세 구조를 갖는 시료를 단일 기판위에 제작하고 특성을 설명하였다. 제작한 다조건 다공질규소는 주사전자현미경을 이용해 단면과 표면모습을 관찰하였으며, 발광특성과 시료의 응용분야를 소개하였다.

人間染色體의 DNA複製에 關한 細胞遺傳學的 硏究 : 同時化시킨 淋巴球의 複製圖 Replication map of Synchronized Lymphocyte

朴善華 고려대학교 의과대학 1987 고려대 의대 잡지 Vol.24 No.1

Replication mapping of chromosomes has been developed very recently, employing 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), a base analogue of thymidine incorporated during the DNA-synthesis (S) phase of the cell cycle. Chromosomal regions with BrdU-substituted DNA possess the property of reducing the fluorescence of Hoechst 33258 fluorescent dyes or decreasing the staining intensity of Giemsa. These different cytological properties of BrdU-substituted DNA thus allow the precise localization of DNA replicating regions of chromosomes. The BrdU-Hoechst 33258-Giemsa technique was employed to study patterns of chromosomal replication in human lymphocytes synchronized by Methotrexate (MTX). PHA-stimulated human peripheral lymphocytes from chromosomally normal subjects were cultured synchronized, and pulsed with BrdU or thymidine. The results obtained are as follows: 1. Synchronization of cultured lymphocytes with MTX and minimal exposure to colcemid produces sharp band definition and increased resolution in late prophase and prometaphase. 2. Human chromosomes synthesize DNA in a segmental but highly coordinated fashion. 3. The replication of the human genome is clearly biphasic. Euchromatin and intercalary and facultative heterochromatin replicate in a non-overlapping fashion. 4. The late replicating elements, such as G-bands, the Yh, C-bands and the entire LX, initiate replication after it has been completed in the autosomal R-bands (euchromatin). 5. Every prometaphase band is composed of a set of replication units or sub-band. This study confirms not only that chromosomal replication is tightly linked to chromosomal banding but also shows that this methodology is a potentially valuable clinical cytogenetic technique, because it: 1) produces sharp band definition and increased resolution in late prophase and prometaphase subbands, 2) differentiates not only the inactivated X chromosome from the rest of chromosomes but also segments of the Y Chromosome.

도리스 레싱의 『다시, 사랑에 빠지다』: 사랑과 죽음의 경험과 영적 성숙

박선화 한국중앙영어영문학회 2008 영어영문학연구 Vol.50 No.4

This paper aims to examine that the protagonist in Doris Lessing’s Love Again(1996) undergoes spiritual growth through her experiences of love and death. In Love, Again, Sarah Derham, a sixty-five-year old writer and founder of a theatre, falls in love with three younger men, leading her to face into her inner erotic desire. Sarah commissions a play of Julie Vairon who is a beautiful and wayward nineteenth-century mulatto woman. The play captivates all who come into contact with it, and dramatically changes the lives of all who take part in it. For instance, Stephen, co-writer of the play, kills himself out of his pain of love to the dead Julie. Also, Sarah finds herself erotically reawakened and uncontrollably attracted to several men, such as, Bill, Henry, and Stephen, virtually all of whom are young enough to be her sons. But Sarah’s couplings with the three men happen only in her imagination, which thus brings her to enlightening rather than delighting. So after these imaginary experiences, Sarah reflects about the pain caused by unrequited love and death, and spends many moments of meditation on her past memories related to her mother and herself. Her psychic journey into the past leads to her spiritual growth, that is, the acquisition of some measure of detachment, in Sarah’s case from her aging body, obsessive romantic emotions and unmet childhood needs. This painfully acquired space allows her to accept the coming to age.

1세 미만영아의어린이집적응에대한부모-교사의경험기초연구

박선화 서울여자대학교 2007 아동연구 Vol.13 No.-

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