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기초 : 톡소포자충 감염 신경교종세포의 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathway 활성화
박병현 ( Byung Hyun Park ),이현성 ( Hyun Sung Lee ),이종수 ( Jong Soo Lee ),양승환 ( Seung Hwan Yang ),신대환 ( Dae Whan Shin ),이영하 ( Young Ha Lee ) 대한뇌종양학회 2006 대한뇌종양학회지 Vol.5 No.2
Objective:Gliomas are the most common primary brain tumors in adults. Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasite with a high affinity for brain cells. Mitogen-activated protein kinases(MAPKs) are known to regulate the host cell invasion, although little is known regarding MAPK signaling in Toxoplasma-infected glioma cells. Methods:U87MG and U373MG cells were infected with tachyzoites of the RH strain of T. gondii, and the kinetics of MAPK activation were determined by immunoblotting. We also determined the effects of MAPK inhibitors on glioma cell growth and T. gondii replication using the 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2, 5-diphenyltetraterazolium bromide(MTT; Sigma) method and [3H]-uracil incorporation assays. Results:There were no significant differences in the levels of unphosphorylated MAPK at different incubation times in the Toxoplasma-infected U373MG cells. T. gondii induced the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK) 1/2, p30MAPK, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase(JNK)1/2 within 30 minutes of infection, and showed differential kinetics of activation for each MAPK. The activation of ERK1/2, p38MAPK, and JNK1/2 in Toxoplasma-infected glioma cells was blocked by PD98059, SB202190, and SB203580, respectively. T. gondii replication was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner by the addition of MAPK inhibitors to Toxoplasma-infected glioma cells. Conclusion:Infection with T. gondii induces the activation of MAPKs in glioma cells, and this activation can be blocked by the addition of kinase-specific inhibitors. These results suggest that the MAPK pathway plays a role in the invasion of glioma cells with T. gondii.
변위 측정에 의한 무늬 반사식 형상 측정 시스템의 보정
박병현(Byoung-hyun Park),유연석(Yeon-Serk Yu) 한국정보기술학회 2013 한국정보기술학회논문지 Vol.11 No.1
In this (work) experiments we study the data calibration method of fringe reflection profilometry to measure the shape of specular reflection surface. Fringe reflection FTP calibration data measurements system is consist with CCD camera, monitor, precision moving stage for get the relationship between the phase measurement value and actual height values. The fringe reflection reference surface was moved linearly using the precision stage for the measurement of actual height displacement value and the theoretical simulation data was compared. The calibration data depend on the spatial frequency of the fringe patterns and the geometry of the measurements systems also the angle between the CCD camera and the reference object surface. Using the experimentally measured results we obtained the calibration factor k(u, v) of the each image surface points between the actual height of displacement and the phase measurement values was possible.
영국의 스핀햄랜드제도, 미국의 가족지원계획(FAP), 한국의 국민기초생활보장제도의 비교
박병현 ( Byung Hyun Park ) 한국사회복지정책학회 2016 사회복지정책 Vol.43 No.2
영국의 스핀햄랜드제도, 미국의 가족지원계획(Family Assistance Plan, FAP), 그리고 한국의 국민기초 생활보장제도는 국가와 시대를 달리하지만 빈민들에게 최저소득을 보장한 제도(미국의 경우는 계획)라는 유사성이 있다. 그러나 스핀햄랜드제도는 39년 동안만 존속하고 폐기되었으며, 가족지원계획은 법안이 의회에서 통과되지 못해 계획으로 머물렀다. 이와는 대조적으로 국민기초생활보장제도는 2000년 시행 이후 2016년 현재까지 시행되고 있다. 이 세 제도의 유사성과 상이성을 살펴보고, 스핀햄랜드제도와 가족지원 계획의 실패 경험으로 바탕으로 국민기초생활보장제도의 지속적인 발전 방향을 살펴보는 것은 의미가 있다고 본다. 본 논문에서는 영국의 스핀햄랜드제도, 미국의 가족지원계획, 한국의 국민기초생활보장제도의 도입 배경과 내용, 세 제도(계획)에 대한 평가를 살펴보고, 스핀햄랜드제도와 가족지원계획의 실패 경험을 통해서 국민기초생활보장제도의 지속적인 발전 방향에 대한 시사점을 살펴보았다. Speenhamdland refers to a town in Berkshire County, England, where the county squires decreed in May 1795 that the poor should be entitled to a specific quantity of assistance depending upon the price of bread and the size of the family. This form of provision is often called aid-in-wages because when the gap between wages and the price of bread widened, the Parish used poor relief funds to supplement the wages of workers and their families. Speenhamland has had a very real impact on social policy debates in England and the United States for two full centuries. In the twentieth century, this impact has generally occurred under the radar of explicit political debate and publicity. One such incident occurred in United States during the Nixon Administration when Daniel Patrick Moynihan developed his Family Assistance Plan(FAP). National Basic Livelihood Security Program that was introduced in 2000 in Korea has also income guaranteed program. These three program have something in common. These three program were based on a guaranteed income for all people. However, Speenhamland had existed only 39 years. Family Assistance Plan could not pass in the Senate. As implications of Speenhamland and Family Assistance Plan for National Basic Livelihood Security of Korea, National Basic Livelihood Security should receive support from people, show positive aspects, and develop theoretical base.
코로나19로 인한 가족의 위기와 가족복지정책의 방향: 위기와 기회
박병현(Park, Byung-Hyun) 사회복지정책실천회 2021 사회복지정책과 실천 Vol.7 No.3
2019년 12월 중국에서 시작된 코로나19는 2020년 1월 20일 한국에서 첫번째 환자가 발생한 이후 사회 전반에 걸쳐 새로운 위기 현상들을 만들어내고 있다. 이러한 현상들은 이전에 경험하지 못한 것들이다. 코로나19로 인해가족분야에 일어난 새로운 현상으로는 가족형태의 다양화의 가속화, 어린이집과 유치원의 휴원, 각급 학교의 휴교, 그리고 요양시설 휴관 등으로 인한돌봄의 위기, 재택근무와 온라인 학습으로 인해 가족 간 접촉의 증가로 인한가족 구성원간의 갈등과 가정 폭력 및 아동학대의 위기, 안정된 직장의 소멸로 인한 소득단절의 위기, 가족 내 돌봄의 증가로 인한 취약가구의 위기 등이다. 가족이 새롭게 경험하는 위기들은 기존의 정책에 위협을 가하는 요소로 작용하고 있다. 그러나 이러한 위기는 기존의 정책 변화와 새로운 정책도입의 계기가 되는 기회로 작용할 수도 있다. 본 연구에서는 코로나19 이후우리나라의 가족이 당면할 가족의 위기는 어떤 것이 있으며, 이러한 가족의위기는 어떠한 “정책의 창문”을 열 것인가에 대해서 고찰하였다. This study examined how the experience of COVID-19 influence Korean family welfare policy. COVID-19 created in December, 2019 have made crisis circumstances. These crisis circumstances are never experienced before. Crisis circumstances in family are diversity of family formation, crisis in care system due to the closure of nursery school and care facility for the elderly, family conflict due to the increase of family member contact, domestic violence, child abuse, loss of income due to the decrease stable jobs. However, these crisis can play a leading role in policy reform and new policy development. In other words, these crisis can take an initiating role to open policy window. In this study, build of integrated care system based on community, equal distribution family labour for improvement of family member relationship, socialization of care for the poor, policy development for prevention of domestic violence and child abuse, and basic income are proposed.