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제 2형 콜라겐 유도 관절염에서 수중운동과 우슬추출물이 행동반응과 관절 조직에 미치는 영향
최기복,김계엽,남기원,김경윤,김은정,Choi, Ki-Bok,Kim, Gye-Yeop,Nam, Ki-Won,Kim, Kyong-Yoon,Kim, Eun-Jung 대한물리치료학회 2009 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.21 No.2
Purpose: This study examined the effects of swimming exercise and Achyranthes Radix extracts on the inflammatory and behavioral responses in type II collagen-induced arthritic rats for 28 days. Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were allocated randomly to one of the following four groups: only type II collageninduced (group Ⅰ), application of swimming exercise after type II collagen-induced (group II), application of Achyranthes Radix ointment after type II collagen-induced (group III), application of swimming exercise and Achyranthes Radix ointment after type II collagen-induced (group IV). Arthritis was established in SD rats by an intradermal injection of Chick type II collagen plus incomplete Freund's adjuvant at the base of the tail of the animals. The swimming exercise program consisted of a 25 min swimming session/day with a load corresponding to 5.5% of the weight bearing, three days/week for four weeks. The Achyranthes Radix ointment (0.1g) was applied twice a day for five days. The changes in behavior, H & E stain, and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) level in the knee joint were assessed. Results: The gross and histological examination, after RA induction showed reddening, edema and erythema. The H & E stain revealed the destruction of articular cartilage, bony erosion and the infiltration of inflammatory cells after RA induction. The mechanical allodynia test results were significantly higher in group I than in groups II, III and IV (p<0.01). The immunohistochemistrical response of COX-2 in the knee joint showed that groups II, III, IV had a lower response effect than group I. Conclusion: Swimming exercise training and Achyranthes Radix ointment decreased the inflammatory responses and enhanced the behavioral responses in the arthritic rats.
고온 SCR 촉매의 반응 특성 및 효율 증진에 관한 연구
남기복 ( Ki Bok Nam ),강연석 ( Youn Suk Kang ),홍성창 ( Sung Chang Hong ) 한국공업화학회 2015 공업화학 Vol.26 No.6
In this paper the selective reduction catalyst (SCR) for controlling the NOx at high temperature range was studied. XRD and FT-IR BET analysis was also performed to determine the structural properties and adsorption/desorption characteristics of the catalyst. In the case of anatase TiO2 support, a negligible NOx conversion was observed, but the W/TiO2 catalyst made using W as a active metal showed an excellent ability to remove NOx. In particular, the W/TiO2 exhibited a rapid increase in the catalytic activity due to the presence of W for the NOx conversion compared to that of using the pure TiO2 at a high temperature range over 400 ℃. In addition, the phenomenon of reduced reaction activity due to the heat shock for a long time was found to be suppressed.
실내오염물질 제거용 광촉매의 제조조건에 따른 반응활성 연구
남기복(Ki Bok Nam),박인출(In Chul Park),홍성창(Sung Chang Hong) 한국청정기술학회 2016 청정기술 Vol.22 No.2
본 연구에서는 UV 광을 이용하여 CO, C₂H5OH 및 H₂S에 해당하는 오염물질을 제어하기 위한 광촉매 연구를 수행하였다. 제조된 촉매들이 동일한 체적 및 표면적의 경우에는 촉매 구조 내부까지 UV 광이 조사될 수 있는 구조에서 우수한 반응활성을 보였다. 하지만 이러한 광촉매 TiO₂의 CO에 대한 반응활성은 매우 저조하였으며, 이는 귀금속 계열의 Pt를 첨가하여 환원공정을 수행함으로써 해결할 수 있다. 특히 이러한 Pt/TiO₂ 광촉매는 환원공정을 통하여 표면 Pt<SUP>0</SUP>의 종의 생성 및 증가시킬 수 있으며, 이를 통해 CO의 반응활성이 우수해 짐을 확인하였다. This study was performed to study the photocatalyst for controlling the pollutant such as CO, C₂H5OH and H₂S by the UV light. This was shown in a catalyst having the same volume and the same surface area, that the structure in which the UV light to reach the interior structure exhibits more excellent activity. However, the activity of this activity of this photocatalyst removal of CO was very low. This problem can be solved by performing a reduction process by the addition of the precious metal series of Pt. Particularly, the amount of chemical species Pt<SUP>0</SUP> incerased in the surface of Pt/TiO₂ photocatalyst through the reduction process, which make the reaction activity of photocatalyst excellent to the removal of the CO.
Rh/CeO<sub>2</sub> 촉매의 N<sub>2</sub>O 분해반응 특성 및 효율증진 연구
남기복 ( Ki Bok Nam ),홍성창 ( Sung Chang Hong ) 한국공업화학회 2018 공업화학 Vol.29 No.5
본 연구에서는 N<sub>2</sub>O를 제거하기 위한 N<sub>2</sub>O 분해 촉매와 반응특성에 대한 연구를 수행하고자 한다. 다양한 지지체에 Rh를 활성금속으로 촉매를 제조하여 실험을 수행하였으며, CeO<sub>2</sub>를 지지체로 하는 Rh/CeO<sub>2</sub> 촉매에서 가장 우수한 N<sub>2</sub>O 분해활성을 나타내었다. 특히 일정한 소성조건(500 ℃-4 hr)에서 Rh/CeO<sub>2</sub> 촉매를 제조하였을 때 가장 우수한 활성을 나타내었다. 또한 촉매의 특성이 N<sub>2</sub>O 분해 반응에 미치는 영향을 확인하고자 H<sub>2</sub>-TPR 및 XPS 분석을 수행하였다. 실험결과, 촉매의 redox 특성증진과 Ce<sup>3+</sup>의 비율이 증가함에 따른 촉매의 산소전달능력의 증진이 N<sub>2</sub>O 분해반응에 영향을 주는 것으로 확인되었다. 또한, N<sub>2</sub>O와 NO가 동시에 발생하는 조건에서 N<sub>2</sub>O 분해 반응특성과, N<sub>2</sub>O와 NO를 동시에 처리 가능한 공정에 대하여 연구하고자 한다. In this work, the N<sub>2</sub>O decomposition catalyst and reaction characteristics to control the N<sub>2</sub>O removal were described. Experiments were carried out by using Rh as an active metal catalyst on various supports and the Rh/CeO<sub>2</sub> catalyst with CeO<sub>2</sub> support showed the best activity for the N<sub>2</sub>O decomposition when it was prepared under the constant heat treatment condition (500 ℃-4 hr). H<sub>2</sub>-TPR and XPS analyzes were performed to confirm the effect of the physical and chemical properties of the catalyst on N<sub>2</sub>O decomposition. As a result, it was found that the increase of the oxygen transfer capacity of the catalyst due to the increase of both the redox property and Ce<sup>3+</sup> amount affected the decomposition reaction of N<sub>2</sub>O. In addition, the future work will include a treatment process capable of decomposition N<sub>2</sub>O and NO under the condition that N<sub>2</sub>O and NO are simultaneously generated and its characteristics of N<sub>2</sub>O decomposition reaction.
Platinum Precursor 특성에 따른 Pt/TiO<sub>2</sub> 촉매의 SO<sub>2</sub> 산화 반응특성 연구
김재관 ( Jae Kwan Kim ),박석운 ( Seok Un Park ),남기복 ( Ki Bok Nam ),홍성창 ( Sung Chang Hong ) 한국공업화학회 2020 공업화학 Vol.31 No.4
본 연구에서는 SO<sub>2</sub>를 제어하기 위한 산화 촉매에서 platinum (Pt)을 활성금속으로 하는 촉매의 반응특성에 관한 분석을 수행하였다. Titania (TiO<sub>2</sub>) 지지체에 다양한 precursor 형태의 Pt를 사용하여 Pt/TiO<sub>2</sub> 촉매를 제조하여 실험에 사용하였다. Pt/TiO<sub>2</sub> 상의 Pt<sup>2+</sup> 또는 Pt<sup>4+</sup>와 같은 Pt valence state에 따른 SO<sub>2</sub> 산화의 성능 차이는 나타나지 않으며, PtCl<sub>x</sub>과 같은 Pt chloride species는 전체적으로 SO<sub>2</sub> 산화 성능을 감소시킨다. 또한, XPS 분석을 수행하여 SO<sub>2</sub> 산화 반응 전/후의 촉매 상의 valence state를 분석한 결과 SO<sub>2</sub> 산화반응 이후 lattice oxygen의 감소 및 surface chemisorbed oxygen의 증가를 확인 할 수 있다. 따라서 Pt/TiO<sub>2</sub> 촉매의 SO<sub>2</sub>의 산화 반응은 PtOx에 해당하는 lattice oxygen의 반응과 oxygen vacancy에 의한 산화-환원 반응이 진행되는 Mar-Van Krevelen 메커니즘이 주요한 SO<sub>2</sub> 산화 반응임을 판단할 수 있으며, 이러한 결과를 통하여 촉매 상에 존재하는 PtOx (Pt<sup>2+</sup> 또는 Pt<sup>4+</sup>)의 oxygen species가 주요한 활성 site로 작용함을 확인할 수 있다. In this study, an analysis on the reaction characteristics of a catalyst using platinum (Pt) as an active oxidation metal catalyst for controlling SO<sub>2</sub> was performed. Pt/TiO<sub>2</sub> catalyst was prepared by using Pt as various precursor forms on a titania (TiO<sub>2</sub>) support, and used for the experiment. There was no difference in performance of SO<sub>2</sub> oxidation according to Pt valence states such as Pt<sup>2+</sup> or Pt<sup>4+</sup> on Pt/TiO<sub>2</sub>, and Pt chloride species such as PtClx reduces SO<sub>2</sub> oxidation performance. In addition, as a result of analyzing the valence state of the catalyst before and after the SO<sub>2</sub> oxidation reaction by XPS analysis, a decrease in lattice oxygen and an increase in surface chemisorbed oxygen after the SO<sub>2</sub> oxidation reaction were confirmed. Therefore it can be suggested that the oxidation reaction of SO<sub>2</sub> when using the Pt/TiO<sub>2</sub> catalyst is the major one following the Mar-Van Krevelen mechanism where the reaction of lattice oxygen corresponding to PtOx and the oxidation-reduction reaction by oxygen vacancy occur. Overall, it can be confirmed that the oxygen species of PtOx (Pt<sup>2+</sup> or Pt<sup>4+</sup>) present on the catalyst acts as a major active site.
이처근,허 열,남기복 충북대학교 건설기술연구소 1999 建設技術論文集 Vol.18 No.1
Propped retaining walls are frequently used to retain the sides of road and cuttings, and to form temporary cofferdams to enable the construction of underground structures. These walls maintain stability and prevent excessive soil movement. The magnitude of the soil movements will depend on the geometry of the cutting and wall, the properties of the wall, and the position of the props. In this study, centrifugal morel tests were performed to investigate the behavior of flexible and rigid earth retaining walls supported by props in the process of the step excavation. Jumunjin standard sand was used for foundation soil. The raining method was adopted to form the required relative density of the model ground. The model tests were fulfilled by increasing g-level(40g) to get in-situ condition, and at rest earth pressure is measured at every five g-level. During excavations and installation of prop, horizontal displacement and lateral earth pressure are measured by UPC board and PC at each step. The magnitude and the distribution of lateral earth pressure measured from tests were compared with those obtained by Tschebotarioff's and Terzaghi-Peck's methods. Also, the horizontal displacement measured from tests was compared with those obtained by elasto-plastic beam analysis method.