육종성 변화를 동반한 간내담관암: 증례 보고

김태은,김장호,김병영,이일기,Kim, Tae-Eun,Kim, Jang-Ho,Kim, Byeong-Yeong,Lee, Il-Gi 대한영상의학회 2004 대한영상의학회지 Vol.50 No.3

담관암은 여러가지의 병리적 형태를 가질수 있다. 그 중에서도 육종성 변화를 동반한 담관 암은 매우 드문 질환이다. 저자들은 2 개월간의 열감을 주소로 방문한 71세 남자 환자에 서 초음파 검사를 시행하여, 주변부에 저에코와 내부의 고에코를 가지는 큰 비균질한 종괴를 발 견하였다. 이후 시행한 컴퓨터 단층촬영에서는 내부에 지연기까지 지속적으로 조영증강을 보이는 비균질한 종괴로 나타났으며, 자기공명영상에서는, T1WI상 대부분 저신호강도로 T2WI상에서는 주변부는 고신호, 중심부는 등신호강도를 보이는 육종성 변화를 동반한 간내 담관암을 경험하였으며, 이에 보고하고자 한다. Cholangiocarcinomas have several histologic types, but intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma with sarcomatous change is rare. A 71-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of fever which had lasted two months. Ultrasonography (US) of the upper abdomen demonstrated a huge hepatic mass with central solid and peripheral cystic portions, and computed tomography (CT) revealed a heterogeneous hepatic mass with a central area in which enhancedment was delayed. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) disclosed a huge mass of predominantly low signal intensity at T1WI, and peripheral portions of high signal intensity and a central portion of intermediate signal intensity at T2WI. The pathologic diagnosis was cholangiocarcinoma with sarcomatous change.

測光立體視法에서 범용조명원에 기인한 오차 해석에 관한 연구

김태은,장태규,최종수,Kim, Tae-Eun,Chang, Tae-Gyu,Choi, Jong-Soo 대한전자공학회 1994 전자공학회논문지-B Vol.b31 No.11

본 논문에서는 湖光立體視法(Photometric Stereo Method : PSM)을 적용하여 3차원 물체의 표면 방향정보를 추정할 때 조명원이 이상적인 평행광이 아닌 범용 조명환경인데서 기인한 표면 방향추정 오차의 해석 방법을 제시하였다. 제시한 방법에서는 원반 형태의 조사 대상 면을 포함한 조명환경에 대한 구체적인 모델링과 오차분포에 대한 직접적인 시뮬레이션을 통하여 오차해석을 하도록 하였다. 범용조명원은 beam angle을 갖는 점광원으로 가정하고, 조사 대상면에서의 밝기분포는 분산값이 변하는 가우스함수 형태로 모델링하였다. 설정된 조명 모델에서 분산을 여러값으로 변화시켜서 이에따라 PSM에서 나타나는 오차분포를 얻기 위한 목적으로, 임의의 세 방향으로 위치한 조사 대상면의 평균 밝기값을 계산하여 고정된 조명원의 위치벡터를 얻는 시뮬레이션 알고리듬을 제시하였다. PSM과 제안된 조명원의 위치추정 알고리듬 사이에는 상사관계(analogy)가 성립하기 때문에, PSM 적용시 비이상적인 조명모델에 의해 나타나는 물체표면방향 추정오차는 제시한 조명원 위치추정 시뮬레이션으로부터 직접적으로 구할 수 있다. 또한 설정된 조사대상면 모델과 같은 원방형태의 계측기구를 제작하여 임의의 방향벡터를 제공하도록 하고, 이를 측정과 시뮬레이션에 사용함으로써 오차해석과 보정을 체계적으로 수행할 수 있도록 하였다. 제시한 방법에 따라 방향 벡터를 제공하도록 하고, 이를 측정과 시뮬레이션에 사용함으로써 오차해석과 보정을 체계적으로 수행할 수 있도록 하였다. 제시한 방법에 따라 방향 벡터값들의 조합을 공간상에서 다양하게 변화시키면서, PSM에서 나타나는 방향추정 오차분포를 구하는 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션을 수행하였다. 시뮬레이션과 같은 방법으로 실측에 의한 방향추정 오차를 구하고 시뮬레이션에서 얻은 결과와 비교 검토하였다. 그 결과, 실제 측정실험에서 얻은 복합적인 오차중 상당부분은 비이상적인 범용조명원 모델로부터 기인한 것임을 확인할 수 있었다. This paper presents a new approach of analyzing errors resulting from nonideal general-purpose lighting environment when the Photometric Stereo Method (PSM) is applied to estimate the surface-orientation of a three-dimensional object. The approach introduces the explicit modeling of the lighting environment including a circular-disk type irradiance object plane and the direct simulation of the error distribution with the model. The light source is modeled as a point source that has a certain amount of beam angle, and the luminance distribution on the irradiance plane is modeled as a Gaussian function with different deviation values. A simulation algorithm is devised to estimate the light source orientation computing the average luminance intensities obtained from the irradiance object planes positioned in three different orientations. The effect of the nonideal lighting model is directly reflected in such simulation, because of the analogy between the PSM and the proposed algorithm. With an instrumental tool designed to provide arbitrary orientations of the object plane at the origin of the coordinate system, experiment can be performed in a systematic way for the error analysis and compensation. Simulations are performed to find out the error distribution by widely varying the light model and the orientation set of the object plane. The simulation results are compared with those of the experiment performed in the same way as the simulation. It is confirmed from the experiment that a fair amount of errors is due to the erroneous effect of the general-purpose lighting environment.

뉴미디어 아트의 상호 작용성을 통한 미술관에서의 메타현실 체험 연구

김태은,Kim, Tae-Eun 국제문화기술진흥원 2018 The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technolo Vol.4 No.3

최근의 뉴미디어 아트는 새로운 기술만을 수용하여 예술도구로 사용하는 기술종속적인 예술이기보다 기존의 기술들을 전복시키고 재활용하며 변형시키는 재매개의 역할로써 발전해 나아가고 있다. 여기에서 새로움(New)의 개념은 새롭게 탄생된 기술만을 의미하는 것이 아니라 기존의 기술을 우회적으로 바라보고 거기에서 새로운 의미를 찾는 것으로 보아야 한다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 뉴미디어 아트의 개념이 어떻게 게이미피케이션이 적용된 공간에서 게임을 화면 안에서 바깥으로 외형화 시키는지에 대한 공간화에 대한 개념을 그 출발로 삼았다. 참여형 뉴미디어 아트는 전시장에서 작품을 단순히 관람하는 것이 아니라 관람객의 참여하는 플랫폼을 부차적으로 추가시켜 전시장 공간 전체를 활용하는 것을 의미한다. 이번 연구에서 게이미피케이션의 상호작용성은 게임이 예술화된 공간 안에 속하게 되면서 발생하게 되는 변화 과정과 현상들에 주목하였다. 여기에서 게이미피케이션은 곧 '게임의 공간화' 과정을 의미한다고 보는 입장이라는 점을 전제로 한다. 미술관에서 관객들을 대상으로 한 상호작용성과 인터페이스 디자인의 발전 방향을 살펴보는데 있어 게임의 공간화의 과정에서 변형되어가는 여러 가지 사례들을 중심으로 연구하였다. In recent years, new media art is developing to play its roles as a means of remediation to overturn, reuse, and alter the old technologies rather than technology-dependent art to accept new technologies and use them as artistic tools. Here, the concept of new should mean looking at the old technologies in an indirect way and finding new meanings in them rather than presenting new technologies. The starting point of this study was the concept of spatialization in which the concept of new media art would externalize games from inside to outside the screen in gamification-applied spaces. Participatory new media art adds a platform for viewer's participation and utilizes the entire space of the exhibition hall instead of allowing for simple viewing at the exhibition hall. The study focused on the changes and phenomena in the process of games belonging to the artistic space through the interactivity of gamification. Here, the premise was that gamification meant the "spatialization of games." The study examined several cases of games being altered in the spatialization process to figure out interactivity for viewers and developmental directions for interface design at a gallery.

증강현실기술이 적용된 3D 인형놀이 개발에 대한 연구

김태은,Kim, Tae-Eun 한국전자통신학회 2014 한국전자통신학회 논문지 Vol.9 No.3

증강현실이란 실세계의 오브젝트에 가상의 오브젝트를 증강시키는 기술로 현실세계에 디지털 정보를 시각화 해주는 기능을 한다. 또한, 증강현실은 실세계와 가상세계를 실시간으로 결합함과 동시에 사용자와 컴퓨터간 상호작용하도록 함으로써 사용자에게 정보전달은 물론 지각능력에 도움을 주며 사용자의 몰입감을 높여주는 기술이라고 할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 VRML로 모델링된 3차원 객체를 프로그래밍을 통해 3차원 데이터가 증강되는 컨텐츠를 개발하였다. 또한, 가상물체들의 조합을 통해 3차원 아바타 및 다양한 가상의 의상들을 증강시키는 응용기술을 제안하였다. 게다가, 사용자가 직접 마커를 움직여 컴퓨터와 사용자간의 상호작용이 가능한 인터페이스를 제시하여 사용자의 몰입감을 증대 시킬 수 있었다. The AR(Augmented Reality) is the technique that make the fusion between real world and virtual object. The augmented object on real world can provide the visualization of digital information to user. Also, the real-time AR system makes the interaction between user and computers. Therefore, the immersion of user be increasing and help the information transfer to user with AR system. In this paper, we implement the AR system with the modeled VRML as a three-dimensional object using programming language. The application technique is proposed that augment the various virtual clothes to three-dimensional avatar. Moreover, we propose the novel interface by using marker that can be increase the immersion of user.

일부(一部) 생산직(生産職) 근로자(勤勞者) 사상체질(四象體質)과 생활습관(生活習慣)에 따른 건강관련(健康關聯) 삶의 질(質) 평가(評價)

김태은,이기남,정명수,Kim, Tae-Eun,Lee, Ki-Nam,Chong, Myong-Soo 대한예방한의학회 2009 대한예방한의학회지 Vol.13 No.1

This study was attempted to suggest fundamental data to take health care plan in terms of oriental medicine by evaluating the health-related quality of life according to the Sasang constitutional medicine (SCM) of factory workers. General characteristics, living habits, and health-related quality of life were investigated through self-administration questionnaire in the course of oriental health examination for 1,870 male workers at a manufacturing company located in the Jeollabuk-do region, and the Sasang constitution of each worker was identified and analyzed through questionnaires and oriental doctor's medical examination. For Sasang constitutional medicine, So-eum person(少陰人) was found to be the most, and then So-yang preson(少陽人), Tai-eum preson(太陰人), and Tai-yang preson(太陽人) in order; for lifestyle, smokers were most found in So-yang person workers, non-smokers in Tai-yang person workers, drinkers in Tai-yang person workers, and non-drinkers in So-eum person workers. For the general health score by the Sasang constitutions, Tai-yang person workers were found to be 42.73 in general health area, Tai-eum preson workers 41.69, So-yang person workers 40.87, and So-eum person workers 40.42; in the vitality area, Tai-eum person workers were found to be 45.14, So-yang person workers 44.16, So-eum person workers 43.02, and Tai-yang person workers 41.34. Specially, it was found that regular exercise improved physical health factors, drinking adversely affected mental health factors, and the mental health factors of Tai-eum person workers who have regularly exercised showed the highest values, while those of Tai-yang person workers who have not exercised showed the lowest values. There was difference in lifestyle by Sasang constitutions, and accordingly, the quality of life might be different Therefore it is deemed that health care plan is required to be taken by Sasang constitutions and lifestyle for health promotion and care of blue-collar workers in the future.

한글 문자 입력에 따른 얼굴 에니메이션

김태은,박유신,Kim, Tae-Eun,Park, You-Shin 한국전자통신학회 2009 한국전자통신학회 논문지 Vol.4 No.2

본 논문에서는 얼굴 애니메이션을 좀 더 실질적으로 표현하기 위하여 한글 생성의 원리와 입 모양 형태의 유사성을 기반으로 기본 음소를 선정하고 이를 이용하는 새로운 알고리듬을 제안한다. 카메라를 통해 얻어진 특징 점 이용이 아닌, 모션 캡쳐 (Motion Capture) 장비를 사용하여 실제 입모양의 움직임 데이터를 취득하여 취득된 데이터를 지수 증,감 형태로 나타내어 발성에 대한 음소를 표현하고 연속된 음절을 표현하기 위하여 지배 함수(Dominance Function)와 혼합 함수(Blending Function)를 적용하여 동시 조음에 대한 표현을 해결하였다. 또한 음절 간의 결합 시간을 입 주변의 마커(Marker) 거리 값의 변위를 이용하여 그 기울기 값에 따라 시간 지연을 함으로 현실감 있는 사용자 입력 문자에 대한 입 모양 궤적 데이터를 생성하는 실험 결과를 보여준다. In this paper, we propose a new method which generates the trajectory of the mouth shape for the characters by the user inputs. It is based on the character at a basis syllable and can be suitable to the mouth shape generation. In this paper, we understand the principle of the Korean language creation and find the similarity for the form of the mouth shape and select it as a basic syllable. We also consider the articulation of this phoneme for it and create a new mouth shape trajectory and apply at face of an 3D avatar.

퇴행성 관절염 환자를 대상으로 시행한 외기발공(外氣發功)의 유효성 고찰

김태은,박종웅,박령준,선재광,Kim, Tae-un,Park, Jong-woong,Park, Ryung-joon,Sun, Jae-guang 대한의료기공학회 2006 醫療氣功 Vol.9 No.1

The purpose of this paper is to show that there is a sure effect of the Extra Gigong Therapy(EGT) on Osteoarthritis patients. 1. Methods of the Spreading-Qi, Breathe naturally, concentrate the mind on Lower Dan(elixir field), When exhaling, Mindwill accompanies Qi to go to the Conception Vessel(CV) and Governor Vessel(GV), conduct Qi to the palms or fingers and emit Qi, with the emitting site touching or leaving the treated region. Qi helps vitality exalted, balance kept, and the circulation well-flowed. 2. For that, we made a schedule of joining some of Osteoarthritis patients who usually take anti-Osteoarthritis drugs, dividing them into two of groups. One is EGT-taken(group 1) and the other is not EGT-taken(group 2). 3. For insurance of analytic accuracy, we use the IEMD(Inner Energy Meridian Diagnosis). 4. In conclusion, there was significant differences between two of groups. Especially from the point of view of liver, kidney and spleen meridian pathways.

인영기구맥(人迎氣口脈)에 대(對)한 내경(內經)과 후대(後代) 의가설(醫家說)과의 비교(比較) 연구(硏究)

김태은,김태희,Kim, Tae-Eun,Kim, Tai-Hee 대한한방내과학회 1994 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.15 No.1

In Nai-Gyung(內經), it is said that In-Yeong(人迎) means In- Yeong Maek(人迎脈), Gi-Gu m- eans Tson-Gu(寸口) or Maek- Gu(脈口), In-yeong, artery in the side of neck, is located before Yeong-Geun(瓔筋), called as Jok-Yang-Myung-Maek(足陽明脈),so the part of In-Yeong-Maek means In-Yeong-Hyul(人迎穴) of Jok-Yang-Myung- Wi-Gyung(足陽明胃經) showing the artery in the side of neck. The part of Tson-Gu-Maek is that of artery in Yo-Gol(橈骨), beating source of Soo-Tae-Eum-Maek (手太陰脈) Of In-Yeong-Gi-Gu-Maek, In-Yeong-Maek mainly consists of Yang(陽), Gi-Gu-Maek of Eum(陰), so In-Yeung means physical disease, short of extra Eum component. They said that if In-Yeong-Maek was more than Gi-Gu-Maek, it meant physical injury, while Gi-Gu-Maek was more than In- Yeo-ng-Maek, it meant internal injury. In-Yeong-Gi-Gu-Maek is the one to distinguish the external and internal, the inside and outside, Eum and Yang, but there is no definite classification method to distinguish it, also it is difficult to grasp the comparison of 1sung(1盛), 2sung(2盛), 3sung(3盛), interrelation with 12-Gyung-Rak(l2經絡), change of maek phases, so necessary to set up the clear definition for In-Yeong-Gi-Gu-Maek. For the two theories as to In-Yeong-Gi-Gu-Maek according to Nai-Gyung, the one is to diagnose the maek by comparing the In-Yeong-Hyul with Tson-Gu of Soo-Tae-Eum-Maek as Gi-Gu in the both sides of neck part, he other is to divide the left and right of Gi-Gu-Maek in to In-Yeong and Gi-Gu afterwards, but today it is difficult to compare and explain the medical theory afterwards owing to insufficient consideration of In-Yeong-Gi-Gu-Maek at Nai-Gyung. The diagnosis of In-Yeong-Gi-Gu-Maek at Nai-Gyung to distinguish the surplus and shortage of Eum and Yang up to now since Nai-Gyung has so important and diagnostic value as to grasp the exact meaning. Herewith, this researcher com-pared Nai-Gyung and medical theory afterwards, reported it to consider the fixed position and changing process of viscera and entrails arrangement of literatures introducing In-Yeong-Gi-Gu-Maek, examining the change of maek phases for normal maek and a-bnormal maek of In-Yeong-Gi-Gu-Maek, considering the 1 sung, 2 sung, 3 sung maek phases in In-Yeong-Gi- Gu-Maek. According to the above results, the conclusion was reached as follows. 1. In-Yeong as the outside indicates external disease(外感), showing the surplus and shortage of Yang symptom by having Boo-Maek(浮脈) as Py-ung-Maek(平脈), Gi-Gu as the inside indicates internal disease(內傷), showing the surplus and shortage of Eum symptom by having Chim-Maek(沈脈) as P-yung-Maek(平脈). 2. In Pyung-Maek of In- Yeong-Maek as Boo-Maek, g-radual sinking of more floated changing maek because of disease means the improvement of di-sease, in Pyung-Maek of Gi- Gu-Maek as Chim- Maek, gradual floating of more sunken changing maek because of disease means the improvement of disease. 3. They said that disease of Jok-Gyung-Rak(足經絡) is cha-nged to that of Soo-Kyung-Rak(手經絡) when Jo-Maek(躁脈) appears whether In-Yeong-Maek or Gi-Gu-Maek 4. With the exemples of 1 sung 2 sung 3 sung it was porned with the relation of Pyo-Ri-Soo-Jok(表裏手足). Therfore I can guess that this fact is a moment explained the Bu-You-Sa-Kyung(部有四經) mentioned in Nan-Gyung-18-Nan(難經 第18難). 5. I think that In-Yeong and Gi-Gu, as a diagnosis method which distinguish between the inside indicates internal disease and the outside indicates external disease, is required to study further researches.

The association between metabolic syndrome and heart failure in middle-aged men and women : population-based study of 2 million individuals

김태은,김형수,Sung Jidong,김덕경,이명순,한성우,Kim Hyun Joong,김성해,유규형 한국역학회 2022 Epidemiology and Health Vol.44 No.-

OBJECTIVES: Although an association is known to exist between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and heart failure (HF) risk, large longitudinal studies are limited. We investigated metabolic status as a risk factor for HF in middle-aged men and women and considered sex differences in various risk factors for HF using nationwide real-world data. METHODS: Data obtained from the Korean National Health Insurance Service from 2009 to 2016 were analyzed. A total of 2,151,597 middle-aged subjects (between 50 and 59 years old) were enrolled. Subjects were divided into 3 groups (normal, pre‐ MetS, and MetS). Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the association between MetS and incident HF after adjusting for clinical risk factors. RESULTS: At baseline, MetS existed in 23.77% of men and 10.58% of women. Pre-MetS and MetS increased the risk of HF: the hazard ratios of pre-MetS for incident HF were 1.508 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.287 to 1.767) in men and 1.395 (95% CI, 1.158 to 1.681) in women, and those of MetS were 1.711 (95% CI, 1.433 to 2.044) in men and 2.144 (95% CI, 1.674 to 2.747) in women. Current smoking, a low hemoglobin level, underweight (body mass index < 18.5 kg/m2 ), a high creatinine level, and acute myocardial infarction were also predictors of HF in both sexes. CONCLUSIONS: Pre-MetS and MetS were identified as risk factors for HF in middle-aged men and women. The effect of MetS on the occurrence of HF was stronger in women than in men. Pre-MetS was also a predictor of HF, but was associated with a lower risk than MetS.

증강현실 기반의 멀티미디어 전시에 관한 연구

김태은,김병철,Kim, Tae-Eun,Kim, Byoung-Chul 한국전자통신학회 2012 한국전자통신학회 논문지 Vol.7 No.3

기술의 발달과 함께 다양한 멀티미디어가 전시공간에 등장하고 있으며 증강현실과 같은 혼합현실 기반의 기술들도 효과적인 전시형식으로 도입되고 있다. 이 과정에는 기술의 새로움과 화려함으로 인해 전시대상의 가치가 감소되거나 전시환경 또한 복잡한 형태로 전개되는 경우가 많다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 증강현실을 대상으로 대상 지향적인 전시환경을 구현하고 기기의 개입을 최소화함으로써 보다 효율적인 전시 방법을 찾는데 목적이 있다. Along with the development of technology, a variety of multimedia programs are presented in the exhibition. Mixed reality-based technology, such as augmented reality, is also being effectively introduced in the form of an interactive exhibition. In this process, the novelty and the splendor of technology and environment, in the display, can be turned into complex forms, which value is often unappreciated by attenders. The current study realizes the target of display-oriented exhibition environments for augmented reality, and explores the structure of display format, which can minimize the intervention of equipment. The study aims to discuss the structures of multimedia exhibition based on augmented reality and its characteristics.