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웹 기반 협력학습에서 GLAS 유형이 학습결과에 미치는 효과
김지일,장상필,Kim, Jee-Il,Jang, Sang-Phil 한국정보교육학회 2006 정보교육학회논문지 Vol.10 No.1
The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of GLAS(Guided-Learner Adaptable Scaffolding) strategies in web-based collaborative learning environments. Through the extensive literature reviews, web-based collaborative learning environments considering GLAS types were developed. 93 sixth graders were selected from a elementary school in Seoul, and they learned in the web-based system for 4 weeks. The results revealed that the impact of scaffolding on transfer of learning, cognitive overload by reflective scaffolding, learning motivation affected intrinsic scaffolding.
박정희 대통령의 자주국방 표방과 주한미군 철수 문제 간 연계성에 관한 소고
김지일 사단법인 한국평화연구학회 2020 평화학연구 Vol.21 No.1
Why did President Park Chung-Hee adopt an ambivalent attitude on the issue of the withdrawal of the United States Forces Korea (USFK), claiming to advocate self-reliance in national defense? This study aims to infer President Park Chung-Hee’s perceptions and reaction on the issues of self-reliance in national defense and the withdrawal of the USFK by historical records. The research utilizes as its basis the theoretical framework of ‘reaction to the fear of crime.’ The analytical findings show the following. First, to Park, self-reliance in national defense was ‘protective behavior’ in response to the fear of having to deal with threat, rather than expression of confidence. Second, an analysis of public speech materials shows that the emphasis on self-reliance in national defense as the threat from North Korea escalated was closely connected to the issue of the withdrawal of the USFK. Lastly, it is inferred that Park’s ambivalent attitude was a reaction of fear in response to the breakaway of ‘collective behavior.’ 왜 박정희 대통령은 자주국방을 표방하면서 주한미군 철수 문제에 대해 양면적인 태도를 취했나? 본 연구의 질문이다. 연구의 목적은 연구 질문을 중심으로 현재까지 공개된 사료를 토대로 박정희 대통령의 자주국방과 주한미군 철수 문제 간 그의 인식과 반응을 추론해 내는 것이다. 또한 본 연구는 학계에서 다루는 ‘범죄의 두려움에 대한 반응’을 논문의 이론적 근거로 활용한다. 연구를 진행하면서 다음과 같은 사실이 명확해졌다. 우선 박정희 대통령에게 있어 자주국방은 자신감의 표현이라기보다는 ‘방어적 행위(Protective Behavior)’로 위협에 대처하기 위한 두려움의 반응이었다. 다음으로 공개된 연설문 자료를 분석한 결과, 북한의 위협적 상황이 심화되면서 표방된 자주국방은 주한미군 철수 문제와 밀접한 연계성을 갖고 있었다. 끝으로 박정희 대통령의 양면적인 태도는 ‘집합적 행위(Collective Behavior)’의 이탈에 대한 대응으로, 자주국방을 표방한 반응에서 드러난 바와 같은 두려움에 대한 반응이라는 추론이다.
체육수업 내용에 대한 여중생들의 인식 : the focus a junior high school process of class
김지일,신범철 한국스포츠리서치 2005 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.16 No.2
The purpose of the study was to examine the recognition about physical education class, physical education evaluation, and teacher at a girl's middle school. In study 455 middle school students completed the questionnaire. The questions that appeared on the questionnaire were composed of 21 items from the three parts. Part 1 contained 14 questions regarding the physical education class recognition. Part 2 contained 3 questions regarding the physical education class evaluation. Part 3 contained 4 questions regarding the physical education teacher. Results showed that : The first, recognition about physical education class of a girl's middle school students is different from grade and area. The second, recognition about physical education class evaluation of a girl's middle school students is different from grade and area. The third, recognition about physical education teacher of a girl's middle school students is different from grade and area.