과초산(過酢酸)에 의한 독일가문비나무의 탈리그린화의 적정조건

김윤수 한국목재공학회 1984 목재공학 Vol.12 No.5

The delignification with peracetic acid in spruce wood (Picea abies Karst)were investigated on the variation of reaction time, temperature and the concentration of peracetic acid (PA). Holocellulose, acid-insoluble lignin in the holocellulose (=residual lignin), the content of alpha-cellulose and polyose fractions A and B were determined. The higher the reaction temperature and the concentration of PA and the longer the reaction time, the more the delignification with PA were accelerated, whileas the treatment at temperature lower than 54℃ resulted in a poor delignification. The content in alpha-cellulose and residual lignin depended on the degree of delignification. The yield of polyoses was, however, mostly unrelated to the conditions of delignification. The losses of mannan and xylan reached 30-40℃ during the reaction. Considering the content of residual lignin and polysaccharide, the following reaction condition may he suitable for the delginification test in laboratory, 5% of PA, 90℃ for 1 hr or 10%, 70℃ 2 hrs.

독립 운동 정신과 사학 설립

김윤수 대한사립학교장회(구 대한사립중고등학교장회) 1999 私學 Vol.88 No.-

IBA와 NAA 처리에 의해 생성된 Ethylene이 인삼(Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) 부정근의 생장과 발달에 미치는 영향

김윤수,한은주,백기엽,Kim, Yun-Soo,Hahn, Eun-Joo,Paek, Kee-Yoeup 한국식물생명공학회 2003 식물생명공학회지 Vol.30 No.2

The effect of IBA and NAA on adventitious root cultures of Panax ginseng C.A. Mater were investigated. Results indicated differences in growth and development of the roots according to 5mg/L IBA and 2mg/L NAA. IBA resulted in a normal root development and a higher growth compared to NAA. The roots formed on NAA-containing media were shorter and thicker than those in IBA, showing a hypertrophy of the root tip. NAA induced more than 1.6 times higher ethylene production compared to IBA, which caused inhibition of the root growth. Under the ventilation, in the other hand, on difference was observed in ethylene concentration and the root growth between IBA and NAA treatments. Under ventilation ethylene production was not detected until 10 days of culture, while detected from the initial stage under on ventilation. The results suggested the importance of ventilation during the culture for the growth and development of ginseng adventitious roots.

면역전현법에 의한 마쇄 리그닌의 기원에 관한 연구

김윤수,고홍범 한국목재공학회 1996 목재공학 Vol.24 No.1

Present work was undertaken to investigate the origin of milled wood lignin(MWL) in the wood cell wall using immunocytochemical techniques, which can provide the information on the localization of specific antigens(MWL in the present study) to be examined. Spruce MWL dissolved in DMSO and emulsified with Freund adjuvant was injected directly into the mouse spleen. The animals were boostered at two-week intervals after the initial immunization. Blood samples were purifed in standard procedures. The characteristics of antibodies against MWL were tested by indirect ELISA. Visualization of MWL was carried out using conventional indirect immunogold-labelling methods on the ultrathin sections of spruce wood. Immuno-TEM observations showed that the imrnunogold probes were selectively attached to secondary cell walls of spruce wood. The most intense labelling was frequently observed in the S2 layer. In contrast, gold labelling in the lignin-rich regions. such as middle lamella and cell corner was not found. The immuno-TEM provides an indication that spruce MWL originates from the S2 layer.

기계를 다루는 여성들, 여성 운전사 ― 1950年代 영화 《女司機》와 《馬蘭花開》를 中心으로

김윤수 중국어문논역학회 2020 中國語文論譯叢刊 Vol.0 No.46

사회주의 시스템이 형성되어가던 1950년대를 배경으로 하는 《女司機(1951)》의 주인공 孫桂蘭은 기차, 《馬蘭花開(1956)》의 주인공 馬蘭은 불도저 운전사가 되어 사회주의 건설에 참여하겠다는 꿈을 갖고, 고된 훈련 끝에 남성 노동자들과 어깨를 나란히 하는 존재가 되어간다. 훈련소 안의 기계들은 여성에게 새로운 신분과 역량을 부여함으로써 여성 노동자는 자본주의와 가부장주의에 희생된 나약하고 수동적인 존재에서 공적 정체성을 지닌 강인한 영웅으로 변모하게 된다. 이 두 편의 영화는 가장 낙후되고 억압받는 존재였던 여성의 변모를 ‘운전하는 여성 형상’으로 이미지화함으로써 중국 사회주의 사회의 진보와 발전을 입증하고자 하였고, 이는 사회주의 여성형상이 제기되는 방식을 보여주고 있다는 점에서도 매우 흥미롭다. 가장 억압받았던 여성을 국가의 일원으로 호출하는 것은 중국 사회주의 정부의 정당성을 구축하는데 매우 중요한 요소였고, 가장 남성적인 영역이라고 할 수 있는 기차와 불도저 운전사로 활약하는 여성 형상은 중국 사회주의의 진보 및 발전방향을 선전하는데 매우 효과적이었다. 그러나 이 두 영화 속에서 여성 주인공은 표면적으로 남성과 동등한 존재로 인정받을 뿐, ‘국가’라는 또 다른 가부장적 권력에 의해 도구화되는 모습을 보이고 있다. 《女司機》의 경우, 기차 훈련소는 가부장적 권력이 작동하는 장으로, 여성, 기계, 남성이라는 삼각관계 속에서 권력을 가진 남성과 여성 간에 미묘한 힘겨루기가 벌어지지만 여성 간의 다툼으로 갈등이 전이되면서 자연스럽게 남녀 간의 갈등이 협상되는 모습을 보이고 있다. 그리고 기차 운전사를 소망하는 孫桂蘭의 꿈이 남성 권력에 의해 실현되고, 孫桂蘭에게 부여된 여성 노동자로서의 자질이 육체적 강인함, 감정의 절제 및 기계적인 모습으로 재현되는 것에서, 남성 위주의 사회구조가 작동하는 방식을 확인할 수 있다. 《馬蘭花開》의 주인공 馬蘭은 훈련소에서 불도저 운전사로 훈련을 받는 동시에, 남성 노동자들을 보살피는 역할도 함께 수행함으로써 가정과 노동을 병행할 수 있다는 것을 증명해 보였고 이에 노동자로서 인정받을 수 있게 된다. 또한 이 작품에서 드러나고 있는 ‘원초적 자연’과 ‘기계’ 그리고 ‘여성’ 간의 상호성 역시 주목할 만하다. 여성들이 이야기를 나누거나 빨래할 때 등장하는 시냇가, 馬蘭이 불도저 조종 연습을 할 때 배경이 되는 척박한 땅과 산 등은 여성과 자연의 긴밀함을 보여준다. 영화 속에서 자연이 배경으로서의 역할을 하듯 여성 주인공 馬蘭 역시 여성성을 통해 남성 중심적인 훈련소의 남성성을 보완하는 도구적 역할을 하고 있음을 알 수 있다. Both Sun-Guiran who is the main character of a film A Female Driver, and Ma-lan who is the main character of a film Malan Flower Blooms, become a train driver and a bulldozer driver respectively after going through hard training as a being taking rank with male workers, with the dream to participate in the construction of socialism. Lots of machines in the training center give them a new status and competencies. Just as the look of female workers treated as cheap labor symbolizes weak China, the women handling huge machines means strong China. By representing the changed look of women who used to be severely behind and suppressed in the past into an ‘image of women who drive and control machines’, they aim to prove the progress and development of socialist society of China, which is led to the vision of New China. Like this, even though the looks of women shown in those films symbolize strong China, in the process in which Sun-Guiran becomes a train driver after going through difficulties, the qualifications of female workers are represented as physical toughness and assimilation into machine. Just as the nature works as the background in the films, the heroine Ma-lan also plays an instrumental role complementing the masculinity of men-centered training center through the femininity. The process in which women skillfully handle machines that are regarded as the preserve of men, shows a complex image combined with women’s liberation, construction of socialism, and industrialization, and within the narrative, the design of New China is revealed, which is very interesting.

환경적 footprint 분석을 통한 토양경작법과 화학적산화법의 비교

김윤수,임형석,박재우,Kim, Yun-Soo,Lim, Hyung-Suk,Park, Jae-Woo 한국지하수토양환경학회 2015 지하수토양환경 Vol.20 No.3

In this study, land farming and chemical oxidation of a diesel-contaminated site is compared to evaluate the environmental impact during soil remediation using the Spreadsheet for Environmental Footprint Analysis by U.S. EPA. Each remediation process is divided into four phases, consisting of soil excavation, backfill and transportation (Phase 0), construction of remediation facility (Phase 1), remediation operation (Phase 2), and restoration of site and waste disposal (Phase 3). Environmental footprints, such as material use, energy consumption, air emission, water use and waste generation, are analyzed to find the way to minimize the environmental impact. In material use and waste generation, land farming has more environmental effect than chemical oxidation due to the concrete and backfill material used to construct land farming facility in Phase 1. Also, in energy use, land farming use about six times more energy than chemical oxidation because of cement production and fuel use of heavy machinery, such as backhoe and truck. However, carbon dioxide, commonly considered as important factor of environmental impact due to global warming effect, is emitted more in chemical oxidation because of hydrogen peroxide production. Water use of chemical oxidation is also 2.1 times higher than land farming.

장기연탄수요 전망

김윤수 에너지경제연구원 1993 WORKING PAPER Vol.1993 No.1

열방성 액정 폴리에스터를 함유한 PET의 유변학적 특성 연구

김윤수 한국유변학회 1991 Korea-Australia rheology journal Vol.3 No.1

상업적으로 많이 이용되는 폴리에틸렌테레프탈레이트(PET)에 액정중합체(LCP)인 열방성 폴리에스터를 첨가하여 유변학적 특성을 조사하고 전단속도와 혼합비에 따른 LCP domain의 형태 변화를 고찰하였다. 모체고분자 내 구형과 타원형을 이루는 LCP domain들 은 신장력에 의해 피브릴 구조의 변형되고 이 피브릴은 흐름방향으로 배향되어 용융체에 윤 활제와 같은 역할을 함으로써 용융점도의 감소를 보이는데 특히 높은 전단속도 영역에서 LCP가 30wt%까지 첨가될수록 큰 폭으로 감소하였다. 주사식 현미경(SEM)의 관찰로부터 LCP domain의 피브릴구조를 확인할 수 있었고 또한 LCP domain의 형태 변화가 용융점도 가 감소에 직접 관계됨을 확인할 수 있었다.

Morphometric analysis of the Daphne kiusiana complex (Thymelaeaceae) using digitized herbarium specimens

김윤수,오상훈 한국식물분류학회 2022 식물 분류학회지 Vol.52 No.3

Daphne kiusiana is an evergreen shrub with dense head-like umbels of white flowers distributed in southern Korea, Japan, China, and Taiwan. Plants in China and Taiwan are recognized as var. atrocaulis by having a dark purple stem, elliptic leaves, and persistent bracts. Recently, plants on Jejudo Island were segregated as a separate species, D. jejudoensis, given their elliptic leaves with an acuminate apex, a long hypanthium and sepals, and a glabrous hypanthium. Morphological variations of three closely related taxa, the D. kiusiana complex, were investigated across the distributional range to clarify the taxonomic delimitation of members of the complex. Twelve characters of the leaf and flower were measured from digitized herbarium specimens using the image analysis program ImageJ and were included in a morphometric analysis, the results of which indicate that the level of variation in the characters is very high. The results of a principal component analysis weakly separated D. jejudoensis from D. kiusiana according to their floral characteristics, such as a longer, glabrous hypanthium, and larger sepals. However, some individuals of D. kiusiana, particularly those from Bigeumdo Island, were included in D. jejudoensis. Recognition of D. kiusiana var. atrocaulis based on the leaf shape was not supported in the analysis, and D. jejudoensis may be recognized as a variety of D. kiusiana. Our morphometric analysis shows that digitized images of herbarium specimens could be useful and an additional method by which to investigate more diverse specimens.

《상설고문진보대전》과《비점고문》

김윤수 영남중국어문학회 1988 중국어문학 Vol.15 No.1

《古文眞寶》 有二大種. 一則流行於朝鮮之《詳說古文眞寶大全》 (以下略稱《詳寶》), 一則流行於日本之《魁本大字諸儒箋解古眞文寶》(以下略稱《魁寶》). 《魁寶》卽與高麗·朝鮮所舊刊之《善本大字諸儒箋解古眞文寶》(以下略稱《善寶》) 同種也. 《古文眞寶》地編者, 明弘治15年(1502), 靑藜齋〈重刊古文眞寶跋〉, 始稱曰黃堅. 黃堅編者之說, 晩出也. 然《善寶》之校注者, 早稱曰林楨. (1349年疑是30, 40代) 乃據書林鄭本元至正26年(1377) 所書(古文眞寶敍) 與구寧縣尹朱文霆至正9年(1349) 所敍〈詩學大成序〉, 可知矣. 日本人之說, 不外乎林楨·黃堅矣. 朝鮮人之於編者說, 異於中日. 無一人言及於林·黃, 巨儒李滉(1501-1570), 卽說其書, 曰 : 「陳新安之撰」. 同時, 柳希春(1513-1577), 若曰 : 「樓약初選, 陳역續選, 劉剡註後集, 宋伯貞註前集」. 其後有李瀷(1681-1763), 亦稱曰 : 「新安陳역編」. 此說, 疑是朝鮮人之常識. 此等人, 何所據而說陳역? 史傳無文可考, 求之《詳寶》, 卷之十〈太極圖說〉後批, 有「新安陳역謹書」之自署. 此述道統, 其或自任道統, 故自署其名也. 陳樣.(1252-1334), 立傳於《元史》之〈儒林〉, 其所撰諸書, 著錄於四庫全書. 經部載《尙書集傳簒琉》, 史部載《歷朝通珞》, 子部載《勤有堂隨錄》, 集部載《定宇集》. 觀其《定宇集》, 有〈批點古文序〉·〈太極圖說序〉·〈書孔明出師表後〉·〈書蘭亭記後〉, 卽與 《詳寶》後集之〈上秦皇逐客書〉前批·〈太極圖說〉後批·〈出歸表〉後批·〈蘭亭記〉後批, 相同矣. 《定宇集》又有〈論語訓蒙口義自序〉〈時陳역48歲(1299)〉, 述其所嘗自著目錄, 有《批點古文》. 以此可知陳역嘗著《批點古文》也. 上記編目, 乃是編著《批點古文》地過程上, 手草之短簡殘篇. 且以《善寶》後集67篇, 對校於《詳寶》後集130篇, 則篇目相同, 而註釋相異者·相同者, 有之矣 有之矣. 註釋相同者, 乃是《詳寶》本編也. 註異者, 正是陳역所嘗著之 《批點古文》之固有篇章也. 篇目, 《詳寶》獨有者64篇, 二寶共有者66篇. 以註釋相校, 則《善寶》獨有者29篇·餘37篇,篇目雖同而註異. 是, 取《批點古文》捨《善寶》後集故也. 以此可知《詳寶》後集者, 以《批點古文》爲主, 以《善寶》後集者何? 其正體不過《批點古文》101篇與《善寶》後集29篇(篇目不重複者), 混合而改編之者也. 明天順2年(1458) , 蘇大所述之〈金德玹傳〉 (載於《新安文粹》) 云 : 「遍訪藏書家, 得陳氏《四書口義》·《批點百篇古文》」. 此《批點百篇古文》, 卽是陳역之《批點古文》. 百篇云者, 以成數言也. 金德玹(1380-1451), 傳諸書於建陽書林詹宗睿, 劉剡深嘉其志. 然反以陰謀改編之. 混合改編者誰? 《詳寶》之校正者, 劉剡是也. 剡是明宣德(自1426始)·正統(至1449)間, 在建陽書林, 主編許多書, 如《少微通鑑》·《宋元通鑑》·《四書通義》·《通鑑綱目》·《十八史略》·《感興詩通》(剡跋云 : 「書林詹氏, 得金德玹傳授之陳定宇·胡炳文諸先生書而來, 我編校之」 其歲, 正統2年(1437)也. 疑是此年前後, 《詳寶》亦成矣.)等書, 無不經剡手而面目改換矣. 故剡非但校正於《詳寶》, 其混合《批點古文》與《善寶》後集, 而譎編《詳寶》. 使先儒陳역之名著, 竟爲無名之書, 其蔽賢之罪大矣. (然《批點古文》, 入於《詳寶》, 至于今猶存. 且其批注, 不被改서, 此可賞也已.) 天運循環, 無注不復. 世有眼明者, 何代無其人. 事必歸於正, 正氣相照應. 其五百載後, 大韓民國之金侖壽, 能辨析而發掘之, 以明《批點古文》之實體, 以察《詳寶》之正體, 以論劉剡之功罪, 以伸陳역之千古懷恨於九原. 且得以復元乎堂堂名批選集之《批點古文》 : 解體乎不有存續價値之《詳寶》後集. 終使陳역所撰 《批點古文》, 再發揚於光明天地矣. 陳역之《批點古文》, 元代文學批評之硏究上之甚有價値的新資料 ; 古文批選史上, 繼宋而開元之文學名著. 天下學者, 因此拙稿, 而硏究其書其人者, 接踵而起, 則爲《批點古文》爲陳역, 幸甚幸甚 ! 陳역卒後 654載 1988年 10月 彦陽金兪壽 謹書於東樂園