멋론서설 : 민족성과의 관련 및 그 개념 규정에 관한 대체적 고찰

박노준 안암어문학회 1961 어문논집 Vol.5 No.1

履霜曲과 倫理性의 問題

朴魯준 한양대학교 한국학연구소 1988 韓國學論集 Vol.14 No.-

Inspite of various studies on the song of Koryo Dynasty, Lisangok(履霜曲, the song of stepping on the frost) raise many question. Especially, the question on the composor and interpretation is not yet solved. So, the purpose of this study is to study these problems through historical approach and the analysis of persona's(詩的話者) morality. This thesis drew some conclusions. Conclusions are as follows. First, Lisanggok, in the light of poetic diction and structure, is an original creative song, and this mode is that of modifying Shilla song. Second, if this song was composed by the unidentified, the composor is supposed to be an intelligent man familiar with Buddhistic life. Third, this song connoted the immoral act of persona who has relations with a not-loved and is in agony of sin-consciousness and reflection for that sin. Fourth, it is regarded as apporpriate that the writer of Lisanggok is Ch'ea, Hong-ul, which is the record of Lee, hyung-sang(李衡祥) Fifth, if a specified man composed this song, he was seemed to be Ch'ea Hong-ch'ul. Ch'ea Hong-Ch'ul of a faithful retainer served King Ch'ung Sun (忠宣王, A.D. 1275∼1314). But after King Ch'ung Sun's banishment, he was a party to the conspiracy to oust King Ch'ung Suk(忠肅王, A.D. 1294∼1339) who is the son of King Chung Sun. As King ch'ung sun's warning to that, he regrets his act cherishing ambi-mind(二心一). Finally, between the sense through historical approach and that of lyric emotion is not contradict.

"김학성(金學成) 저(著), 국문학(國文學)의 탐구(探究)

박노준 국어국문학회 1988 국어국문학 Vol.- No.99

韓國古典詩歌에 나타난 '志節'의 모습 : 新羅·高麗時代 작품을 중심으로

박노준 한양대학교 한국학연구소 1984 韓國學論集 Vol.6 No.-

The aim of this paper is to examine some poems of Silla and Koryo in order to find out how the features of chijo (志操), or con-stancy are literarily reflected. Chijo (chijol) praised in their po-ems by such contemporary Korean poets as Han Youn-un, Kim So-wol, Yi Yuk-sa, and Yun Tong-ju as led me to embark upon this-study. During the Japanese colonial period (1910~45), these poets sang in the praises of the constancy. Modern poems in Korea have been influenced by historical circumstances. These poets eulgized the constancy as a means of thir indepedence struggle against the Japanese colonialism. I believe that both classical and modern poems in Korea have been composed under the influence of histo-rical circumstances of the time, and also under the influence of Silla hyangga 鄕歌 or "native songs", slkyo 俗謠 or "commoners' songs" and sijo 時調 or "poems" in Koryo. In this context, this paper primarily seeks to Jocate the source of chijo. In order to investigate chijo shown in hyangga, I have used as texts Mo Chukjirangga 慕竹旨郞歌, and Ch'an Kip'arangga 讚耆婆郞歌 Mo Chukjirangga is a song by Tuk'o 得鳥, to express his longing for hwarang, or a "flower knight", Chukjirang, and Ch'am Kip'arangga by nangdo, or a "flower knight cadet", and Ch'ungdamsa 忠談師, in praise of Kip'arang. The authors have pledged in the two songs that they would live up to the high spirit of hwarang to the end. I have kept the facts in mind that it was after the unification of Korea by Silla when the two works were composed, and the power of Hwarangdo or the "Way of Flower Knights" was declining after the height of its prosperity. At the same time, I have disco-vered that the features of hwarang shown in the two works are more like those of literary men rather than like those of knights. In conclusion, I consider chijo valuable literary assets which are found for the first time in the history of Korean poetry. I have used, as texts, Chongslk ga 鄭石歌, Tongdong 動動, Sog-yong pylgok 西京別曲 and Kasiri by anonymous authors in order to examine chijo evinced in sokyo of Koryo. All of the four songs have delineated women's upright chijo. These anonymous authors respectively expressed their unchangeable chelgae (chijo) through poems when they had to part with their nim or "lovers", when they were waiting for their nim after separation, or when they wanted to perpetuate their love which they were sharing at that moment. I have pointed out in this study that chijol manifested in Koryo sokyo is quite different from that in hyangga in terms of technique of expression. For example, the mode of such forceful expression as was used in Koryo sokyo is not found in hyangga. Moreover, as a striking example, the Koryo sok'yo composers paid atterntion even to many parts of the natural world so as efectively to express their constancy. In spite of the distinctive aspects in the mode of expression between Koryo sokyo and Silla hyangga, I have confirmed that Koryo sokyo succeeded to the traditio of hyangga in terms of the spirtual aspect. In addition, I have discovered that the tradition of hyangga has been handed down to the present time by way of sijo or "poems" in the later years of Koryo. So as to find out chijol or "constancy" revealed in sijoduring the last years of Koryo, as texts, I have used works by such Neo-Confucian scholars as Chong Mong-ju, Kil Chae, and Won Chon-sok. Their works include songs which contain the spirit of chijol for the loyalists to maintain their conviction, and their sincere hearts towards kings and the states. Through these songs, I have tried to look into how conscientous statesmen and intellectuals coped with the real world during a period of dynastic changes. At the sametime, I have endeavored to observe evidences of thir an-guish, tenacious will power, lofty spirit of sonbi or "gentleman scholar" in many aspects. I have come to find that solemn chijol evinced in their sijo was derived from Weltanschawng of Neo-Con-fucianism. The present author has pointed out that such tradition of chijo to defend the royal house as was established in sijo during the last years of Koryo has been handed down to sijo of contem-porary Korean poets especially during the Japanese colonial period by way of sio composed by Sayuksin or the "Six Loyalist Marty-rs" under the reign of King Sejo of Choson Dynasty. I have viewed the chijol manifested in classical songs of Korea as eyer-lasting intellectual beauty and as the beauty in the history of Korean people. As a means of finding out true features of chijol of this sort, I have tried to connect Silla hyangga verticlly with sijo during the last years of Koryo. At the same time, I have made my best endeavors to examine similarities and differences in the works by making a comparison of the works in respective periods horizontally.

新羅歌謠 散文記錄에 나타난 善 · 惡 두 世界

박노준 고려대학교 민족문화연구소 1974 民族文化硏究 Vol.8 No.-

鄭瓜亭曲의 歷史的 背景

박노준 한국언어문화학회 1989 한국언어문화 Vol.7 No.-

다양한 지향성 빔을 이용한 지하철 터널 환경에서 전파측정

박노준,송문규,강영진 원광대학교 2003 論文集 Vol.31 No.-

In this paper, radio propagation in subway tunnel was investigated using 1×2 microstrip array antenna at 2.4 [GHz] band. The results of narrowband channel measurements show that received power level for NLOS(non-line-of-sight) paths was decreased drastically as compared with LOS(line-of-sight) paths. In the results of wideband channel measurements using 10 shift registers in the sequence generator, mean access delay and RMS delay spread of Fan beam antenna was 3.5736 [ns] and 11.7327 [ns], respectively.

靑山別曲 再照明

박노준 한양대학교 한국학연구소 1985 韓國學論集 Vol.7 No.-

This essay seeks to examine Ch'ongsan pyolgok 靑山別曲, one of Koryo kayo 高麗歌謠 or songs of the Koryo Dynasty. The author and the exact date of composition of the afore-mentioned song are not known. In this study, I have taken three points of view on Ch'ongsan pyolgok. Important contents which I have discussed in this work are as follows. 1. Ch'ongsan pyolgok is a song which is assumed to have been composed during the period from fright before the second invasion of the Mongols in the 19th year of the reign of King Kojong 高宗(A.D.1232) and up to the seventh invasion of the Mongols(A.D.1257). The author of Chongsan Pyolgok is inferred to be one of the refugees who, by government order, wandered about mountains and on the sea in order to avoid the Mongol invaders. Accordingly, I regard Ch'ongsan Pholgok as a song of the refugees. The rationale of this conclustion can be documented by the biography of Ch'oe Ch'ung-hon 崔忠獻 in the covering the 19th year of the reign of King Kojong in Korysa 高麗史 (A History of Koryo Dynasty). 2. Thus far scholars have raised quite a few different opinions with regard to the structure of Ch'ongsan pyolgok. The present author, however, considers it unreasonable to rearrange the order of this song although its structure is illogical in a certain sense. Therefore, I have reached a conclusion that the order of Ch'ongsan pyolgok consisting of eight stanzas must be maintained without change. 3. I have analyzed the song based on the above rationale. As a result, I have come to interpret Ch'ongsan pyolgok as a song which was sung by the anonymous author who in the song expressed in a sorrowful way his anguish, sufferings, renunciation, and his own collapse which he had to undergo when the author left a refuge in a mountain for the sea to find a shelter in it. Finally, I have come to assume that the author of Ch'ongsan pholgok was assimilated into a group of kwangdae 廣大 (actors).

立巖十首의 意味

박노준 한양대학교 한국학연구소 1983 韓國學論集 Vol.4 No.-

The purpose of this paper is to study the literrary meaning of Sijo 'Ipamsipsu(立巖十首) written by Park In-Ro. Originally 'Ipamsipsu' were created according to Chang Hyon-Kw- ang's bidding. So I investigated his thought projected in these Sijos. first. Consequently, I discovered that Chang Hyon-Kwang's Confucion taoism was contained within these works which were written with subject matter of rocks. Secondly I inquired these works in the position of park ln-Ro. He respected Chang Hyon-Kwang who was a great in the middle Yi dynasty. I considered rocks 'Ipam' as Chang Hyon-Kwang's appearance and analyed these works. In the light of expression and rhetoric, 'Ipamsipsu' are not very refined. And they represent extremely ideological traits. I explained the reason why those kinds of phenomena exist through the subject matter and Park ln-Ro's standpoints.

꿀풀 추출물과 그 활성 화합물인 카페인산의 Na+ /H+ exchanger 1 (NHE1) 발현 조절을 통한 피부 pH 개선 효과에 대한 연구

박노준,봉심규,박상아,박기현,고영철,김혜원,김수남 사단법인 대한화장품학회 2023 대한화장품학회지 Vol.49 No.1

This study was conducted to discover substances that regulate skin surface acidification using human epidermal keratinocyte cell lines, and to investigate their effects on the moisturizing ability and skin barrier function of the stratum corneum. Prunella vulgaris (P. vulgaris) is an herb widely distributed in Northwest Africa and North America that has been studied for its anti-apoptotic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects. However, research on the regulation of NHE1 expression and the restoration of skin barrier function has not been conducted. Analysis of P. vulgaris revealed the presence of rosmarinic acid and caffeic acid as active ingredients, which were tested for toxicity in human epidermal keratinocyte cell lines (HaCaT), and showed no toxic effects were observed at high concentarion (100 μg/mL or 100 μM). It is known that sodium-hydrogen ion exchange pumps (NHE1) decrease in expression in aging skin to maintain the acidic pH of the stratum corneum, and it is hypothesized that this decrease plays an important role in the impaired restoration of skin barrier function in aging skin. P. vulgaris extract and caffeic acid increased the expression of NHE1 in keratinocytes, increased the expression of natural moisturizing factor (NMF) precursor filaggrin and ceramide synthesis enzyme serine palmitoyl transferase (SPT). In addition, P. vulgaris and caffeic acid decreased the extracellular pH of keratinocytes, indicating a direct effect on skin pH regulation. Taken together, these results suggest that P. vulgaris and caffeic acid can regulate skin pH through NHE1 modulation, and may help to restore skin barrier function by increasing NMF and ceramide synthesis. These results show the possibility that honeysuckle and caffeic acid can have a positive effect on skin health, and can be the basis for the development of new skin protection products using them. 본 연구는 인간 각질형성 세포주를 이용하여 피부 표면의 산성화를 조절하는 물질을 발굴하고, 이를통해 각질층의 보습 능력 및 피부 장벽 기능에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위해 수행되었다. 꿀풀은 아프리카 북서부및 북미에 널리 분포하는 허브 중 하나로 세포사멸, 항산화 및 항염에 대한 효능이 연구되어 왔다. 하지만 NHE1의발현 조절 및 피부 장벽기능 회복에 대한 연구는 진행되지 않았다. 꿀풀의 피부 pH 조절 효과를 확인하기 위하여꿀풀의 활성 성분 분석 결과 로즈마린산과 카페인산이 검출되었다. 꿀풀과 이것으로부터 검출된 성분인 카페인산은 인간 각질형성 세포주인 HaCaT 세포에 고농도(100 μg/mL 또는 100 μM)를 처리한 결과 독성을 보이지않았다. 노화된 피부에서는 각질층의 산성 pH를 유지하기 위한 나트륨-수소 이온 교환 펌프(NHE1)의 발현감소가 나타나는 것으로 알려져 있으며, 이러한 이유로 노화 피부에서 나타나는 피부 장벽 기능 회복의 저하에중요한 원인으로 작용할 것으로 추측된다. 꿀풀 추출물 및 카페인산은 각질형성 세포에서 NHE1의 발현을 증가시켰으며, 자연 보습 인자 전구체인 필라그린과 세라마이드 합성 효소인 serine plmitoyl transferase (SPT)의발현을 증가시켰다. 또한, 직접적인 pH 조절 효과를 확인하기 위해 각질형성 세포 내/외 pH 수치를 측정한결과 꿀풀과 카페인산은 세포 외부 pH를 감소시켰다. 위 결과들을 종합해 볼 때, 꿀풀과 카페인산은 NHE1 조절을 통해 피부 pH를 조절할 수 있고, 자연 보습 인자(NMF)와 세라마이드 합성을 증가시켜 피부 장벽 기능회복을 도울 수 있을 것으로 추측된다. 이러한 결과는 꿀풀과 카페인산이 피부 건강에 긍정적인 영향을 미칠수 있다는 가능성을 보여주며, 이를 활용한 새로운 피부 보호 제품 개발에 대한 토대가 될 수 있다.