총경동맥 폐쇄시간에 따르는 국소 뇌혈류 변화 : 실험적 연구 An Experimental Cat Model

강준기,성태경,조병일,백민우,김문찬,허춘웅,하영수,송진언 대한신경외과학회 1983 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.12 No.3

The microvasculature of the brain is also quite susceptible to ischemic insult, and substantial portions of the brain are not reperfused after restoration of the blood supply following overtime of critical ischemic periods. The purpose of this series of experiments was to determine the effects of ischemia on subsequential regional cerebral blood flow measurements and cortical electric activities following reperfusion after ischemia and also to define the proper time of vascular occlusion without irreversible neural damage. Cerebral ischemia was induced in cat by bilateral common carotid occlusions for periods of 10, 30, to 60 minutes, and the blood supply was reperfused for 3 hours after clamp-off. Regional cerebral blood flow(rCBF) was measured by hydrogen clearance technique following ischemia, restoration of blood supply and electroencephalogram recovery could be predicted according to the rCBF. Forty adult cats weighing 2.7 to 4.0㎏ were used in this study. The animals were divided into 4 groups of 10 cats each : normal control, 10 min-clamped, 30 min-clamped, and 60 min-clamped groups. The results obtained were as follows : 1) The mean rCBF was 24.6±7.0㎖/100g/min in control group. 2) Bilateral carotid occlusions resulted in a reduction of the rCBF(12.4±4.1㎖/100g/min) to 50% of control flow on both hemispheres. 3) Sequential changes of the rCBF after reperfusion : (1) There was restored the rCBF(21.3±5.1㎖/100g/min) to control flow in the 10 minutes-clamped group. (2) There was a 85% recovery of control flow in the 30 minutes-clamped group. (3) There was a only 25% recovery of control flow in the 60 minutes-clamped group. 4) A close correlation was found between cortical electrical activity and rCBF suggesting a threshold relationship. (1) The changes of cortical electric activity began to notice at rCBF less than 17.4±4.7㎖/100g/min. (2) The recovery of cortical electric activity noted at rCBF more than 10.2±2.3㎖/100g/min. 5) There was no evidence of ischemic involvement at the cortex, white matter and basal ganglia in the 10 minutes clamped group, but demonstrated a dense wedge shaped infarct at the cortex and uncus herniation in the 60 minutes clamped group. The rCBF and cortical electric activity restored to normal values in reperfusion within 10 minutes after occlusion of both common carotid arteries.

태권도 돌려차기 시 기술 수준에 따른 몸통, 골반, 지지 다리의 운동학적 변인 비교

김재웅 ( Kim Jae-woong ),한기훈 ( Han Ki-hoon ),김제민 ( Kim Je-min ),이상우 ( Lee Sang-woo ),권문석 ( Kwon Moon-seok ),터틀노엘 ( Noelle J. Tuttle ) 국기원 2018 국기원태권도연구 Vol.9 No.1

이 연구의 목적은 태권도 돌려차기 시 기술 수준에 따른 몸통, 골반, 지지 다리의 운동학적 변인을 비교 분석하는 데 있다. 본 연구를 위해 블랙 벨트 소지자로서 기술 수준에 따라 중급자10명, 상급자 9명이 실험에 참여하였다. 3차원 동작 분석 시스템을 사용하여 골반, 몸통, 지지다리의 방향각을 산출하였다. Start, Toeoff, MKF, Max, Impact, Min에서 그룹 간의 평균 방향각을 비교하기 위하여 독립표본 t-검정을 하였다. MKF, Impact, Min에서 골반의 좌측 기울어짐 각도가 그룹 간의 유의한 차이가 나타났다. Start와 Max에서 지지 다리의 엉덩관절 굴곡 각도와 MKF에서 지지 다리의 엉덩관절 외전 각도 사이에 유의한 차이가 있었다. 이상의 결과를 볼 때, 상급자들은 푸쉬단계에서 엉덩관절의 굴곡 각도가 증가 되었고, MKF에서는 외전 각도가 감소하였다. 또한, 스트라이크 단계에서 골반의 좌측 기울어짐 각도는 감소하였다. The study purpose was to investigate skill level differences on trunk, pelvis, and supporting leg kinematics in a Taekwondo roundhouse kick. 10 intermediate and nine expert male black-belt holders executed roundhouse kicks at a target. Orientation angles of the pelvis, trunk, and supporting -thigh, -shank, and -foot were obtained through a three-dimensional video motion analysis. Orientation angles at Start, Toeoff, Maximum Knee Flexion(MKF), Impact, Maximum angle(Max), and Minimum angle(Min) were compared between groups using independent t-tests(p<.05). Significant differences between groups were found in the pelvis left lateral tilted position at MKF, Impact, and Min; significant differences were also found in the supporting hip joint flexed position at Start and Max, and abducted position at MKF. It was concluded that higher performers increased the hip joint flexion angle in the Push phase, decreased abduction angle at MKF, and decreased the pelvis left tilted angle in the Strike phase.

사료원료 공급량 및 스크류 회전속도를 달리하여 제조한 배합사료가 넙치(Paralichthys olivaceus)의 성장 및 체조성에 미치는 영향

김경덕 ( Kyoung Duck Kim ),김강웅 ( Kang Woong Kim ),이봉주 ( Bong Joo Lee ),배기민 ( Ki Min Bae ),안철민 ( Cheul Min An ),한현섭 ( Hyun Sob Han ) 한국수산과학회 2014 한국수산과학회지 Vol.47 No.5

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of diet extruder conditions, such as feed-loading rate and screw speed, on growth performance and biochemical responses in olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. Over 8 wks, we used four identical diets (triplicated per treatment) with differing ratios of feed-loading rate (kg/h):screw speed (rpm/min) in a laboratory-scaled twin-screw extruder of 50:640, 80:640, 120:640, and 80:400, designated as EP1, EP2, EP3, and EP4, respectively. Screw speed impacted the buoyancy of experimental diets. Diets produced at a screw speed of 640 rpm/min floated for > 24 hrs, whereas those produced at a speed of 400 rpm/min sank between 10 s and 5 min. Fish that were fed EP1 and EP4 diets grew significantly faster than those fed EP2 and EP3 diets. Fish fed EP1 diets ate and gained weight most efficiently among treatments, a result that is likely to be related to feed-loading rate, i.e., ingredients extruded at a low feed-loading rate may have more time to cook in the pre-conditioner of the extruder. A cooked diet may be easier to digest in fish. Fish fed EP4 diets also showed significant weight gain, as compared to those fed EP2 and EP3 diets. However, we found no differences among treatments in proximate compositions of dorsal muscle, liver, and viscera of fish. Our results suggest that extruder conditions, may influence feed quality, impacting feed efficiency and growth of fish.

노인복지에서의 여가의 중요성과 노인여가의 활성화 방안

민웅기,장상희 釜山大學校 社會福祉硏究所 2002 社會福祉硏究 Vol.11 No.-

Cu(100) 표면에 충격된 불활성 이온의 산란 특성에 관한 분자 전산 연구

민웅기,박상훈,서숭혁 한국화학공학회 2003 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.41 No.1

본 연구에서는 초기 충격에너지 100eV에서 1,600eV 범위의 He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe 등을 포함란 다양한 충돌원자 이온을 Cu(100)표면에 수직으로 주사시켜 산란 특성을 조사하는 분자 동력학적 잔산 모의실험을 수행하여 충돌 이온의 에너지 및 질량 변화에 따른 산란 이온의 에너지 변화, 방향성에 관한 분포 특성 등을 분자 차원에서 고찰하였다. 상대 질량이 작은 He와 Ne 이온들의 경우 주사 에너지에 대한 평균 산란 에너지비는 이원자 강체 충돌 효과에 근거한 이론식에 근접하는 것으로 나타났다. 반면, 상대 질량이 큰 Ar, Kr, Xe 이온들의 경우 초기 충돌 에너지가 작을 때 산란 특성은 첫 번째 및 두 번째 층의 Cu 원자와 다중 충돌 효과가 주된 충돌 특성임을 보였다. 초기 충돌 에너지 및 충격 이온의 질량이 증가할수록 산란 에너지 및 확률 분포는 보다 좁은 것으로 나타났다. 한편, 길이각 및 방위각에 따른 방향성 분포 특성은 상대 질량이 작은 경우 무관한 분포 특성을 나타내었으나 상대 질량이 큰 경우 길이 방향에 대하여 제한적인 방향성을 나타내었다. In this study, molecular dynamics simulations have been carried out to investigate the scattering properties of impacted ions on Cu(100) surfaces with the normal incident angle for various noble gas atoms including He, Ne, Ar, Kr and Xe. The initial kinetic energy of the projectile atoms was ranged from 100eV to 1,600eV. The simulation results are focused upon the scattering energy variations and angel dependencies according to the incident energy and the projectile mass. For light atoms(He and Ne), the ratio of the scattered to the incident projectile energy was in a good agreement with the theoretical prediction based on the binary collision approximation. However, in the low energy regime, the scattering trajectories of heavy atoms(Ar. Kr and Xe) were characterized by the multiple collisions with the top and the second layer surfaces. With increasing the initial kinetic energy and the projectile mass, the scattering energy and the probability distribution were shown to be sharp and narrow. The angle dependencies of both longitudinal and azimuthal directions were not significant for light projectiles, while the longitudinal angel dependencies on the scattering distribution were indicated for heavy progectiles.

雲達山의 植物相

閔雄基,張珍成,全正壹,金輝,崔道烈,金承昆 서울대학교 수목원 2001 서울大學校 樹木園 硏究報告 Vol.- No.21

This study was carried out to investigate the flora of Mt. Undal (alt. 1,097.2m) located on the northwestern side of province Gyeongsangbuk-do, near Myngyeong-si city, from April 2000 to Sept. 2000. Total number of vascular plants discovered in Mt. Undal were 70 families, 154 genera, and 243 taxa(including species, subspecies, varieties and forma). Major vegetation was Acer pictum var. mono - Quercus mongolica - Carpinus laxiflora community. The overall forest stand age of this area was 40 to 50 years, and occasionally ca 70 years old Abies holophylla trees were found. Although, there were no rare and endangered speices, we found two species of level IV by the Ministry of Environment - Anemone koraiensis Nakai, Anemone reflexa. Steph. et Willd.

생태학적 지식에 기반을 둔 도시문화의 사회적 기능

민웅기 목원대학교 교양교육혁신연구센터 2019 지식과 교양 Vol.- No.3

현대도시의 문화콘텐츠들은 그 도시가 겪어온 오랜 시공간적 특성에따라 다양한 생산과 소비 과정에 노출되어 있다. 지금까지 인간과 자연의 관계를 바라보는 수많은 세계관들에 의해 도시문화의 사회적 기능에 대한 서로 다른 의견들이 존재해왔다. 최근 들어 기존 산업화시기를 지배해온 진보이데올로기에 근거한 도시문화의 활용방안을 넘어서는 융합적 논의가 진행 중이다. 성장과 개발 중심의 생산능력과 함께 생태학적 지식을 통한 도시문화의 사회적 기능에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있는 것이다. 탈근대사회의 특징을 나타내는 생태사회에서의 문화콘텐츠는 환경윤리적 측면에서 중요한 사회적 기능을 수행하고 있으며 그 운영 시스템 자체가 한 도시의 핵심적인 브랜드 가치로 사람들에게 인식되고 있다. 이처럼 생태학적 지식에 기반을 둔 도시문화는 도시 공간 및 서비스 체계의 상품화를 촉진시키는 기능과 함께 현지인들의 일상적 삶의 질적 향상과 지역경제를 활성화 시킬 수 있는 사회적 기능 과정에서의 주요 매개체가 될 것이다.

세계경제체계의 특성과 교양교육의 방향성

민웅기 배재대학교 주시경교양교육연구소 2017 대학교양교육연구 Vol.2 No.1

현대사회는 세계화가 진행되면서 노동시장의 유연성이 급속도로 증대되고 있다. 이로인해 지구적 경쟁은 가속화되고 있으며, 신자유주의에 기반을 둔 효율성 중심의 시장 경제체계가 지구적 질서를 지배하기 시작했다. 신자유주의는 시장영역에서의 기업 경영방식과 노동영역에서의 고용상태, 국가의 정책적 가치 등을 다양한 방향을 변화시켰다. 특히 노동시장의 유연화 과정은 자본 축적의 효율성을 가져오기도 했다. 하지만 반면에 인간의 실존적 삶에 여러 가지 부정적 영향도 동시에 미치고 있다. 이 같은 시대적 상황 속에서 대학교육은 노동시장의 표준적 직무를 강조하는 방향으로 진행되어왔다. 본격적인 탈근대사회의 도래에 따라 이제는 여러 가지 사회문제를 해결하고, 인본주의 가치를 구현하기 위해서 지속가능한 교양교육의 사회적 의미에 대해 구성원 모두가 고민해야 할 때이다 As globalization advances in today’s world, labor market flexibility increases rapidly. It has accelerated global competition, and the effectiveness-focused market economic system based on neo-liberalism starts to dominate the current global order. Neoliberalism has affected management mechanisms of companies, employment, and values of government policies. The increased labor market flexibility has various negative effects on humans in real life while promoting the effectiveness in the accumulation of capital. In this time of change, universities put stress on the standard performance of employee’s duties needed in the labor market. In postmodern societies members of society should be concerned about the social significance of sustainable liberal education in universities to solve social problems and realize the values of humanism.

大岩山의 植物相

閔雄基,張珍成,全正壹,金輝,崔道烈,鄭承洙 서울대학교 수목원 2000 서울大學校 樹木園 硏究報告 Vol.- No.20

This study was carried out to investigate the flora of Mts. Dae-am, Dae-woo, Baek-suk, and Sa-myung located on the east side of DMZ in province Yang-gu-gun, from July 1999 to August 2000. Although two hundred and fifty eight vascular plant taxa (70 families 167 genera) were recorded, this was only a part of representatives in this community because of the restrictin of collections within the military zone. The overall forest stand age of this area was 40 to 50 years, but occasionally ca 70 years old trees were found. We reported 11 taxa of the rare and endangered species proposed by the Ministry of Environment in this area. The Yong-neup, the only high altitude (alt. 1,200m) moore in south Korea, are located in the peak of Mt. Dae-am-san. Some species of this moore (Carex chordorrhiza Ehrh., Carex limosa L., and Gentiana jamesii Hemsl.) - were only found in south Korea. This moor would suffer vegetation change by natural moorland succession and human disturbances. The long-term monitoring of variation of annual vegetation, species distribution, numbers and distribution pattern of individuals of rare species are recommended for the wetland conservation.

21세기 첨단미술과 新美術교육에 대한 제언 : 커뮤니케이션 아트를 중심으로

이규민,박기웅 서울교육대학교 2001 한국초등교육 Vol.13 No.1

At the beginning of 21st Century, human desire of Communication is forwarding to the Cosmos. The way of Communication is going to be not by simple methodology but by the complicated methodology with high technology. It will not be monologue communication but be interactive communication, that is intelligence Infra, which could be able to communicate from the location of information is being to the location of information is not present; and the multi-media which can solve the technical problems of these communication, will be developed continually. In the art, there are no exception in these changedness. More developed and proceed to develope intermedia could be able of intercommunication. In the procedure of the intercommunication, human-being's concern is to communicate with Universe, and that will be multi-Dimention communication beyond our usual recognition. To conjoin this, the possibility of cyber space expressing is going to be considered, and the way is being done by the developement of the Media Art, which is able to go and back to the cyber-space. Therefore, the 21st century art education will be performed as the understanding of this future reality. The education specialists, who will undertake these tasks, are needed. And the system to teach the art genius are also needed. The necessity to teach these talented students and the teaching systems will be surely considered. And the other specialists who are supposed to record and support these systems are surely cultivated. The investment among the real education and the studies of these systems and the procedure to construct the infra to be able to change the 21st century art education.