Dimethyl-β-Cyclodextrin을 이용한 Omeprazole의 대체투여경로 개발

정미분,박승현,김하형,이광표 중앙대학교 약학연구소 1996 약학 논총 Vol.10 No.-

For the purpose of increaing the stability and bioavailability of omeprazole(OME), inclusion complexes of OME with demethyl-β-cycoldextrin(DMβCD) and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin(HPβCD) were prepared by freeze drying method. The interactions of OME with DMβCD and HPβCD in aqueous solutions and in solid states were investigated by solubility study. IR spectroscopy and DSC. The type of OME-DMβCD inclusion complex was found to be classified as Bs-type on phase solubility diagram, and the stoichiometric ratio of OME-DMβCD incousion complex was a 1:2 and stability constant was 359.46M^-1. The OME-HPβCD inclusion complex appeare to be AL type. The stoichiometric ratio was found to be 1:1, and stability constant was 34M^-1. Clear differences in a IR spectra and DSC curves were observed between the inclusion complex formation at pH 6.8. The mean dissolution time(MDT). which represents the degree of the rapidity of dissolution rate, was increased in the order of OME-DMβCD I.C(0.60) < OME-HPβCD I.C.(0.71) < OME-DMβCD P.M.(7.23) < OME-HPβCD P.M.(10.06). In order to compare simultaneously the intrinsic absorptivity of OME in the jejunum and nasal cavity of rats, the in situ nasal and jejunal perfusion method was employed as a new trial. The in situ recirculation study revealed that OME-CDs inclusion complexes rate proportionally increased the absorption of OME in nasal cavity(N) and the jejunum(J) of rats. The decreasing order of apparent OME permeability(Papp:cm/sec×10-5), corrected for surface area of absorption was as follows : 8.77±0.18(N, OME-DMβCD). > 5.97±0.17(N. OME-HPβCD) > 4.84±0.02(J. OME-DMβCD). 3.50±0.25(J. OME-HPβCD) at IPB pH 7.4. The present results suggest that OME-DMβCD inclusion complex may serve as a potential means for the nasal delivery of OME.

Syntheses of New Azo Calix[4]arenes Containing Benzo Crown Ether

장승현,정광보 大邱大學校附設 基礎科學硏究所 1998 基礎科學硏究 Vol.15 No.1

New azo calix[4]arenes, 5-benzo-15-crown-5-azo-25,26,27,28-tetrahydroxy calix[4]arene(1), and 5,17-bis(benzo-15-crown-5-azo)25,26,27,28-tetrahydroxy calix[4]arene (2) were prepared by reaction of diazonium salt of 4-aminobenzo-15-crown-5 and clix[4]arene. 4-Aminobenzo-15-crown-5 was synthesized by reduction of 4-nitrobenzo-15-crown-5, obtained from the nitration of monobenzo-15-crown-5.

Jahn의 Turnen이 現代 器械體操에 미친 影響

정삼현,배정하,서승유,김규환,이동갑,하정호 東亞大學校 附設 스포츠科學硏究所 1997 스포츠科學硏究論文集 Vol.15 No.-

Among the school gymnastics facilities, perhaps the most common ones are gymnastics apparatus. That's why a historic study in the event of havy gymnastics is required. The researchers here have examined the origin of gymnastics with apparatus centered on Jahn's "turen" exercise. The results are as follows : 1. Heavy gymnastics originally contained a lot of elements from field and track events. It had aims of obtaining natural physical movement and enhancing work efficiency. 2. An outdoor event turnen was banned and changed into an inddor event. The fact that apparatus gymnastics is nowadays held indoors reveals the decisive influnece of Jahn's turnen exercise. 3. Jahn's balance beam exercise was at first played for the purpose of blancing oneself and merely for fun. It has developed into the present from through wide distribution and elaboration. 4. Jahn first used the term of parallel bars and the present women's event of parallel bars resembles Jahn's. 5. Jahn's horizontal bars have also had a great effect on today's event of horizontal bars.

Staphylococcus aureus에 대한 벌꿀의 항균 활성

정동현,백승화 한국식품영양학회 2002 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.15 No.2

본 실험은 벌꿀이 항균활성에 미치는 영향을 규명하기 위해 국내산 벌꿀인 밤꿀, 잡화, 아카시아, 재래종 벌꿀과 외국산 벌꿀인 마누카, 클로버, 캐놀라 벌꿀 그리고 인공벌꿀을 각각 12.5%, 25.0%, 50% 의 희석액으로 조제하여 catalase 무첨가 또는 첨가한 경우에 있어서 벌꿀의 Staphylococcus aureus에 대한 항균활성을 agar well diffusion assay로 비교한 바 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. Catalase 무첨가의 경우 12.5% 희석한 벌꿀은 마누카꿀> 밤꿀이, 25.0%로 희석한 벌꿀은 마누카 꿀> 밤꿀 > 잡화꿀 > 재래종꿀 > 클로버 꿀 > 아카시아꿀이 , 50.0%로 희석한 벌꿀은 마누카꿀 > 밤꿀 > 캐롤라꿀 > 재래종 꿀 > 잡화꿀 > 클로버꿀 > 아카시아 꿀 순으로 항균활성이 인정되었다 (p >0.01). Catalase 무첨가의 경우 12.5%, 25.0%, 50.0%로 희석한 벌꿀의 생육억제환은 각각 5.85 ~ 6.60 mm, 4.26 ~ 8.27 mm, 5.24 ~ 11.49 mm 범위였다. Catalase 첨가의 경우 12.5%로 희석한 벌꿀은 마누카꿀에서만 항균활성을 나타냈다. 25.0% 로 희석한 벌꿀은 마누카꿀이 밤꿀보다 항균활성이 더 높게 나타냈다 (p > 0.01). 50.0% 로 희석한 벌꿀은 마누카꿀 > 밤꿀 > 클로버꿀 > 캐로라꿀 > 재래종꿀 순으로 항균활성이 높았으며 마누카꿀, 밤꿀, 클로버꿀, 캐롤라꿀, 재래종 꿀 사이에서 유의성이 인정되었다 (p > 0.01). Catalase 첨가의 경우 12.5 %, 25.0 %, 50.0 %로 희석한 벌꿀의 생육억제환은 각각 5.89 mm, 5.01 ~ 6.84 mm, 3.10 ~ 8.28 mm 범위였다. This study examined for the investigation the effect of honey on antibacterial activity. The experimental honey were used the domestics, or chestnut honey, multiflower honey, acassia honey, native honey and the foreign, or manuka honey, clover honey, canola honey, and the artificial honey, made with the diluted solution of each 12.5%, 25.0%, 50.0%. The result of compared the occasion of added-catalase with not added-catalase about the honey's antibacterial activity on Staphylococcus aureus by agar well diffusion assay were as follows. When catalase was not added, manuka honey antibacterial activity was superior to chestnut honey's in the diluted honey of 12.5% and on the occasion of the diluted honey of 25.0%, it was approved in the order of manuka honey > chestnut honey > multiflower honey > native honey > clover honey > acassia honey and the occasion of the diluted honey > multiflower honey > native honey > clover honey > acassia honey and the occasion of the diluted honey of 50.0j% , it was approved in the order of manuka honey > chestnut honey > canola honey > native honey > multiflower honey > clover honey > acassia honey (p > 0.01). The clear zone representing inhibition of growth in diluted honey of 12.5, 25.0, 50.0 % with non-treat catalase ranged from 5.85 to 6.60, 4.26 to 8.27, 5.24 to 11.49 mm, respectively. When the catalase was added, antibacterial activity only showed in the manuka homey of 12.5% and on the occasion of the diluted honey of 25.0% manuka honey's antibacterial activity was superior to chestnut honey (Pp > 0.01). On the occasion of the diluted honey of 50.0 %, antibacterial activity was high in the order of manuka honey > chestnut honey > clover honey > canola honey > native honey (p > 0.01). The correlation was approved significantly among the manuka honey, chestnut honey, clover honey, canola honey and native honey. The clear zone representing inhibition of growth in diluted honey of 12.5, 25.0, 50.0 % with treat catalase ranged from 5.89, 5.01 to 6.84, 3.10 to 8.18 mm, respectively.

유도경기서 공격 유형이 경기력에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

정현택,전승훈,이형만 韓國體育大學校 1992 論文集 Vol.15 No.-

The purpose of this study was analyze the techniques which were most frequently used during the contests by Korean national representative Judo players in 1990. The subjects were 51 athlete sand the contests analyzed in the study were 75 games. The analysis was done and compared among weight classes of Judo. The results of the study can be summarized as the followings: 1. Three was not much difference in number of attack techniques among weight classes, however, 71kg class showed the highest success rate of 25% through the attack techniques. 2. Athletes used B2 style of grasp techniques most frequently(45% of the whole athletes). However, the C1 style showed the highest success rate of 27%. The Seoi-nage of Te-waza was not most frequently used among the all techniques(27%). the O-soto-gari, Uchi-mata, Ko-uchi-gari, and O-uchi-gari of Ashi-wasa showed higher frequencies among the techniques used in the contests. In the ratre if winning score bygrasp style, C1 style showed 8% and B2 style showed 4% through Ippon; B1 and C1 style showed 6% and C2 style showed 4% through Yuko; C1 style showed 13% and B1 style showed 8% through Koka 3. Seoi-nage was most frequently used in B1, B2, and C1 grasp styles. Especially, B1 style showed the frequencies of technique uses in the order of Seoi-nage, Ouchi-gari, and Morote-gari, while B2 style showed those in the order of Seoi-nage, Uchi-mate Osoto-gari, while B2 style showed those in the order of Seoi-nage, Uchi-mate, Osoto-gari, while B2 style showed those in the order of Seoi-nage, Uchi-mate, Osoto-gari, Ouchi-gari. And also, C1 style showed the frequencies of technique uses in the order of Seoi-nage, Uchi-mate, Ouchi-gari, and Kouchi-gari, while C2 style showed those in the order of Uchi-mate, Seoi-nage, Kouchi-gari. 4. There was not much differences in the frequencies of technique use among weight classes, however, the lower classes showed more diversity in techniques used. 5. Tai-otoshi showed the highest rate in winning the score and Osoto-gari, Seoi-nage, Ouchi-gari, and Kouchi-gari showed the higher winning score rates following the Tai-otoshi.

노인의 갑상선기능저하증에 대한 임상적 연구

정윤석,남문석,이은직,김경래,이현철,김현승,허갑범 한국노화학회 1993 한국노화학회지 Vol.3 No.1

창조적 지식 기반 사회를 대비한 국어과 교육의 목표와 내용

정혜승,노명완,옥현진 이화여자대학교 교육과학연구소 2000 교육과학연구 Vol.31 No.1

본고는 창조적 지식 기반사회에서 가장 중요한 국어과 교육의 목표는 언어 사용 기능의 신장이며, 이를 실현시키기 위한 교육 내용에 대해 논의하였다. 일부 국어교육학계에서 기능은 하찮고 저열한 것으로 인식되기도 하였으나, 이는 지식의 개념을 명제적 지식에 국한하여 생각하고 기능을 지식과 별개의 것으로 잘못 인식한 데서 기인한 것이다. 본고는 명제적 지식과 방법적 지식의 관계를 탐구하여 기능 학습에 관한 이론을 두 가지로 정리하였다. 하나는 명제적 지식을 우선하여 이를 연습하고 내재화하는 가운데 기능 학습이 이루어진다고 보는 것이며, 다른 하나는 명제적 지식을 전제하지 않고 다양한 경험과 활동을 통해 기능 학습이 이루어진다는 것이다. 전자는 학습 활동이 용이하고 체계적이라는 점에서, 후자는 앎의 과정을 보다 중시한다는 점에서 장점을 갖고 있으나, 한 편으로 전자는 명제적 지식의 성격이 기능 학습에 유효한 것이어야 한다는 검과, 후자는 실제 수업이 이루어지기 위해서 치밀한 계획과 준비가 필요하다는 점에서 문제점도 안고있었다. 3차 국어과 교육과정은 후자의 방법을, 6차와 7차 국어과 교육과정은 전자와 같은 인식을 보이고 있으나, 논의가 개념 수준에서 이루어져 언어 사용 기능 교육이 제대로 이루어지기 어렵다는 한계를 갖는다. 따라서 국어과 교육의 논의는 개념 수준에서 벗어나 실시간과 실공간 속에서 학생들이 무엇을 어떻게 배울 것인지를 구체적으로 제시하는, 곧 수업화ㆍ자료화하는 실질적이고도 기술적인(technical) 논의로 바뀌어야 한다고 본다. Aim and Content of Korean Language Education for a Society Based on Creative Knowledge This thesis argues the improvement of language use skill that is the most important aim of Korean language education in a society based on creative knowledge and the education contents to achieve it. Some Korean language educators regard skill as worthlessness and vulgarity. However it results from the misunderstanding that the concept of knowledge is limited to knowing that and that skill is entirely different from knowledge. This paper summarizes the theory on skill study in two ways by researching the relations between knowing that and Know-how. One is that skill study is done in the process of exercising and internalizing knowing that preferentially and the other is that it's done through a lot of experiences and actives without any premise of knowing that. These have respective merits : former has the easiness and systematic of skill study and the latter thinks highly of the processing of knowledge. On the contrary, there are problems : in case of the former, the content of knowing that should be effective to skill study and the latter needs accurate plan and preparation for actual study. The 3rd education course in Korean language with latter method and the 6th and 7th without former on place a limit that the argument only in concept level makes the actual language use skill difficult. Therefore the argument of Korean language education should be changed to actual and technical one to present in detail what and how students learn in real time and real space.

Noradrenaline이 근방추의 흥분성에 미치는 영향

현정,남숙현,홍승길 고려대학교 의과대학 1984 고려대 의대 잡지 Vol.21 No.1

The present experiment was done to determine the effects of noradrenaline on the muscle spindle in cats. The reaction site was determined by recording the changes of impulses from group Ia and group Ⅱ muscular afferents of peripheral sensory nerves and dorsal roots. The results are as follows: 1. 36 group Ia muscular afferents were recorded according to extracellular recording and 5 out of 36 showed enhancement of impulse discharge after 1-2 ㎍ noradrenaline injection, 8 showed decrease and 20 showed initial enhancement followed by decrement, but 3 gave no response at all. 2. The administration of KCI solution did not give nay influences to impulse changes of group Ia muscular afferents activated by noradrenaline, however,the injection of bradykinin diminished the decreasing effect of noradrenaline. 3. A small amount of noradrenaline slightly increased the systemic blood pressure but this kind of blood pressure changes was indifferent to the change of the excitability of group Ia muscular afferents from muscle spindle. However, a large amount of noradrenaline increased the blood pressure about 50 ㎜Hg above normal level which influenced the excitatory effect of the muscle spindle. 4. 22 out of 25 group Ⅱ muscular afferents did not show any responses to noradrenaline. Summerizing above results, it could be assumed that the initial excitatory response of group Ia muscular afferents following the injection of noradrenaline was not attributed to vasoconstriction but to direct effects on muscle stretch receptor, and its depressive response were due to the asphyxia resulted from vasoconstriction. And also, it could be suggested that noradrenaline acts on equator region of the muscle spindle, that is, the distribution area of group Ia muscular afferents.

치환용매 변화에 따른 비대칭 Ceellulose Acetate 막의 기체투과특성

정광보,장승현,남석태 한서대학교 산학협력연구원 부설 환경연구소 2000 환경연구소 논문집 Vol.3 No.-

Gas permeation behavior was examined for asymmetric cellulose acetate membrane prepared by changing the acetone evaporation time and drying solvent. By changing the acetone evaporation time, the gas permeation rate decreased for the first 2 minutes and then increased gradually for the membrane of i-PrOH exchange drying. Gas permeation rate was in the order of He>N₂>O₂ and separation factor was about 1.9 for the membrane of 9 minute acetone evaporation. The permeation mechanism appears to be the combination of Knudsen flow and viscous flow. The effect of Knudsen flow was increased with acetone evaporation time, while the effect of viscous flow increased for the membrane of EtOH exchange drying.

피압수가 존재하는 연약점토지반 내에 연직배수재의 관입깊이에 따라 압밀거동에 미치는 영향

정성교,진현식,백승훈 동아대학교 건설기술연구소 1999 硏究報告 Vol.22 No.2

In the Yangsan area developed for housing complex the soft clay deposited as about 20 to 40 meters in thickness and there was the Artesian pressure of about 20kPa under the clay stratum. To investigate the consolidation behaviour due to partially or fully penetrating vertical drains in the clay layer, a finite element analysis was carried out in this study. As a result of analysis, it was shown that the consolidation rate and the final settlement for the case of fully penetrating vertical drains were faster and less than of partially penetration, respectively.