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Fungal endophyte Penicillium janthinellum LK5 improves growth of ABA-deficient tomato under salinity
Khan, Abdul Latif,Waqas, Muhammad,Khan, Abdur Rahim,Hussain, Javid,Kang, Sang-Mo,Gilani, Syed Abdullah,Hamayun, Muhammad,Shin, Jae-Ho,Kamran, Muhammad,Al-Harrasi, Ahmed,Yun, Byung-Wook,Adnan, Muhammad Springer-Verlag 2013 World journal of microbiology & biotechnology Vol.29 No.11
Muhammad Bilal,Shoaib FREED,Saleh MUHAMMAD,Muhammad Zubair ASHRAF,Muhammad Bismillah KHAN 한국곤충학회 2018 Entomological Research Vol.48 No.4
Helicoverpa armigera, a polyphagous insect of crops and vegetables, is acquiring resistance against many commercial insecticides. The present study shows variations in the activity of two detoxification enzymes, namely esterase and glutathione S‐transferase (GST), in H. armigera after exposure to different isolates of entomopathogenic fungi. After treatment of larvae with the different isolates (Day 0), samples were collected on three days (Days 3, 5 and 7) for enzyme analysis. High GST activity was found in samples of hemolymph, intestine and fat bodies of H. armigera following treatment with Beauveria bassiana (isolate Bb‐08), Metarhizium anisopliae (isolates Ma‐11.1 and Ma‐4.1), and Isaria fumosorosea (isolates If‐02 and If‐2.3). High esterase activity was recorded in samples of the intestine and fat bodies on various days after treatment, whereas increased esterase activity in hemolymph was noted only in samples from Day 5 after treatment with M. anisopliae (Ma‐4.1). The detection of high GST and esterase activity demonstrates the possibility of the development of resistance against these microbial control agents in H. armigera.
Khan, Muhammad Aaqil,Hamayun, Muhammad,Iqbal, Amjad,Khan, Sumera Afzal,Hussain, Anwar,Asaf, Sajjad,Khan, Abdul Latif,Yun, Byung-Wook,Lee, In-Jung Portland Press Ltd. 2018 Biochemical journal Vol.475 No.18
<P>Flooding is an abiotic stress that creates hypoxic conditions triggered by redox potential leading to restricted growth and grain yield in plants. In the current study, we have investigated the effect of exogenous gibberellins (GA(4+7)) on soybean under flooding stress. A regulatory role of GAs on biochemical changes in soybean plants [including chlorophyll contents, endogenous bioactive GA(1) and GA(4), endogenous jasmonic acid (JA) and abscisic acid (ABA)] has been elucidated after 3 and 6 h of flooding stress. The modulation of stress-related bio-chemicals and their genetic determinants [for instance, ABA (Timing of CAB expression1-TOC1, ABA-receptor-ABAR) and NO (S-nitrosoglutathione reductase-GSNOR1, NO overproducer1-NOX, and nitrite reductase-NR)] in response to short-term flooding stress were also explored. The current study showed that exogenous GAs rescued chlorophyll contents, enhanced endogenous bioactive GA(1) and GA(4) levels, endogenous jasmonic acid (JA) and checked the rate of ABA biosynthesis under short-term flooding. The exo-GAs induced the glutathione activity and reduced the resulting superoxide anion contents during short-term flooding in Pungsannamul soybean. Exo-GAs also triggered the endogenous S-nitrosothiols (precursor for increased NO production) that have been decreased over the time. Moreover, the exo-GAs could impinge a variety of biochemical and transcriptional programs that are ameliorative to plant growth during short-term flooding stress. The presence of GA(1) and GA(4) also confirms the presence of both C13-hydroxylation pathway and non-C13-hydroxylation pathway in soybean, respectively.</P>
Muhammad Kashif Iqbal Khan,Abid Aslam Maan,Rana Muhammad Aadil,Akmal Nazir,Masood Sadiq Butt,Muhammad Imtiaz Rashid,Muhammad Inam Afzal 한국식품과학회 2020 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.29 No.4
Onion and ginger are rich sources of bioactive compounds which are lost during conventional drying process. The present study was designed to optimize the novel Microwave Assisted Drying and Extraction technique (MADE) for simultaneous drying and extraction/recovery of bioactive compounds from model food products. The time required for drying of samples was 11 (onion) and 16 (ginger) minutes with recovery yield of 87% (onion) and 85% (ginger). The drying time was reduced to 100 times compared to hot air drying and moisture ratio of dried samples was best described by Midilli model. The diffusivities of onion and ginger slices were 1.27 e-11 and 1.43 e-11 m2/s, respectively. Moreover, microwave-based extraction was compared with conventional one. The results of antioxidant activity and total phenolic contents of condensates obtained through MADE were higher compared to conventional method. In short, MADE exhibited better yield of extraction and drying properties compared to conventional methods.
Muhammad Imran KHAN,Muhammad Zubair KHAN,Jin Hyuk SHIN,Ji Hyeon LEE,Seong Whan CHO,Tia Sun SHIN,Min Yong KIM,Jong Deog KIM 한국생물공학회 2021 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.10
Alzheimer disease (AD) is neurodegenerative disorder and principal type of dementia. Formation of extracellular senile plaques and cytoplasmic neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) in brain due to the abnormal production and aggregation of amyloid beta (Aß) and tau proteins are the major molecular cause of AD. Paired helical filaments (PHF) are formed due to hyperphosphorylation of tau leads to formation of NFT which accumulate, and aggregates causing pathological conditions and eventually cause neuronal death. Tau phosphorylation is controlled by several genes and proteins. Several kinesis such as GSK3 beta, CDK5 and CAMII, etc are involved in phosphorylation of tau and phosphatases such as PH1A, PH1B etc are involved in dephosphorylation of tau, the imbalance of which leads to hyperphosphorylation and finally NFT. In this study we elucidate the effects of theasponin E1 on the activities andgene’s expression level of kinases and phosphatases involved in the phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of tau. The ther-apeutic neuroprotective effects of green tea seed isolated theasaponin E1 was examine using SHY-5Y cell lines and HTB2 glial neuron cells. Effect of thaesaponin E1 on the expression level of tau generating and phosphorylation promoting genes were investigated by RT- PCR, ELISA, and western blotting. Cells were cultured in EMEM media supplemented with 10% FBS in 6-well plate and in-cubated at 37℃ in a CO2 incubator. Cells were treated with different concentrations of E1andwere processed for checking the enzymatic activities, RNA, and proteins extraction. Our results demonstrated that theasaponin E1 significantly reduced Aβ concentration and tau hyperphosphorylation in dose-dependent manner by suppressing expression level of GSK3 β, CDK5, CAMII, MAPK, EPOE4(E4), PICALM. E1 also enhance expression level of PH-1A and TREM2 etc. ELISA and western blotting results shown reduction in APP and Aß and p-tau. Thea saponin also reduce the inflammation by suppressing the Nf-kB pathways and reducing the inflammatory cytokines i.e., IL-1beta, IL-10, TNF-alpha etc. dose dependently. The overall results revealed that E1 significantly reduce Aβ and p-tau level hence possesses neuroprotective effects.