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Survey of nonlinear state estimation in aerospace systems with Gaussian priors
Coelho, Milca F.,Bousson, Kouamana,Ahmed, Kawser Techno-Press 2020 Advances in aircraft and spacecraft science Vol.7 No.6
Nonlinear state estimation is a desirable and required technique for many situations in engineering (e.g., aircraft/spacecraft tracking, space situational awareness, collision warning, radar tracking, etc.). Due to high standards on performance in these applications, in the last few decades, there was an increasing demand for methods that are able to provide more accurate results. However, because of the mathematical complexity introduced by the nonlinearities of the models, the nonlinear state estimation uses techniques that, in practice, are not so well-established which, leads to sub-optimal results. It is important to take into account that each method will have advantages and limitations when facing specific environments. The main objective of this paper is to provide a comprehensive overview and interpretation of the most well-known methods for nonlinear state estimation with Gaussian priors. In particular, the Kalman filtering methods: EKF (Extended Kalman Filter), UKF (Unscented Kalman Filter), CKF (Cubature Kalman Filter) and EnKF (Ensemble Kalman Filter) with an aerospace perspective.
Light-emitting diode assessment of dentinal defects: the role of presumed extraction forces
Coelho, Marcelo Santos,Card, Steven J.,Tawil, Peter Z. The Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry 2017 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.42 No.3
Objectives: The evaluation of iatrogenic dentinal defects in extracted teeth may be influenced by extraction forces and prolonged dry times. The purpose of this study was to compare the presence of dentinal defects in freshly extracted, periodontally compromised teeth with those in a group of teeth with uncontrolled extraction forces and storage time. Materials and Methods: The experimental group consisted of eighteen roots obtained from teeth extracted due to periodontal reasons with class II or III mobility. They were kept in saline and sectioned within 1 hour following extraction. The control group consisted of matched root types obtained from an anonymous tooth collection, consistent with previous dentinal defect studies. The slices were obtained at 3, 6, and 9 mm from the apex. The imaging process exposed all specimens to no more than 60 seconds of dry time. The ${\times}12.8$ magnification was used for the 9 mm slices and ${\times}19.2$ magnification for the 3 mm and 6 mm slices under light-emitting diode (LED) transillumination. The root canal spaces and periodontal tissues were masked to minimize extraneous factors that might influence the evaluators. Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. Results: Dentinal defects were detected in 17% of the experimental group teeth, compared to 61% of control teeth (p = 0.015). Conclusions: LED transillumination assessment of freshly extracted roots with class II or III mobility showed smaller number of dentinal defects than roots with uncontrolled storage time and extraction forces. The use of freshly extracted roots with mobility should be considered for future dental defect assessment studies.
Light-emitting diode assessment of dentinal defects: the role of presumed extraction forces
Marcelo Santos Coelho,Steven J. Card,Peter Z. Tawil 대한치과보존학회 2017 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.42 No.3
Objectives: The evaluation of iatrogenic dentinal defects in extracted teeth may be influenced by extraction forces and prolonged dry times. The purpose of this study was to compare the presence of dentinal defects in freshly extracted, periodontally compromised teeth with those in a group of teeth with uncontrolled extraction forces and storage time. Materials and Methods: The experimental group consisted of eighteen roots obtained from teeth extracted due to periodontal reasons with class II or III mobility. They were kept in saline and sectioned within 1 hour following extraction. The control group consisted of matched root types obtained from an anonymous tooth collection, consistent with previous dentinal defect studies. The slices were obtained at 3, 6, and 9 mm from the apex. The imaging process exposed all specimens to no more than 60 seconds of dry time. The × 12.8 magnification was used for the 9 mm slices and × 19.2 magnification for the 3 mm and 6 mm slices under light-emitting diode (LED) transillumination. The root canal spaces and periodontal tissues were masked to minimize extraneous factors that might influence the evaluators. Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. Results: Dentinal defects were detected in 17% of the experimental group teeth, compared to 61% of control teeth (p = 0.015). Conclusions: LED transillumination assessment of freshly extracted roots with class II or III mobility showed smaller number of dentinal defects than roots with uncontrolled storage time and extraction forces. The use of freshly extracted roots with mobility should be considered for future dental defect assessment studies.
Sino-European Relations: The Cooperation Between the EU and China as Emerging Global Powers
( Filipa Bismarck Coelho ) 한국EU학회 2013 Asia-Pacific Journal of EU Studies Vol.11 No.2
Relations between the European Union (EU) and China have dramatically changed over the past 30 years since the signing of the EU China Trade Agreement in 1985. Both powers are on the rise in the international scene and it is urgent to analyse how their relations can be developed in the future. Taking into account the several existing approaches used by the EU in its external relations, it is clear that EU-China relations do not fit into any existing model or strategic pattern. Therefore, it is important to know how and how much the EU can influence these relations in order to build a renewed Sino-European relationship. This further engagement can be a win-win game if openness and mutual entrustment serve as orienting principles.