교정치료 초기에 사용되는 4가지 호선의 초기 치료효과를 비교하기 위한 전향적 임상 실험 연구

unknown,Malcolm L. Jones,Luciane M. Menezes,Koo, Daniel,Carlos N. Elias 대한치과교정학회 2005 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.35 No.5

본 연구의 목적은 교정치료 초기에 사용되는 스테인레스스틸, 다가닥철선, 초탄성 NiTi, 열활동성 NiTi 재료로 이루어진 총 4가지 호선의 초기 치료효과를 비교하기 위하여 시행되어으며, 실험의 설계는 전향적 임상 실험(prospective randomized clinical trial)으로서 브라질 리오데자네이로 주립 치과대학에 내원한 45명의 고정식 교정장치 환자를 대상으로 시행되었다. 각 호선의 재료는 환자의 치열에 무작위로 배당되었는데 스테인레스스틸은 26명,다가닥철선은 22명,초탄성NiTi는 22명, 열활동성NiTi는 20명에게 할당되었고.8주후에 모형을 다시 제작한 후 3차원 디지털 영상 장비를 이용하여 모형의 치관에 설정된 해부학적 지표의 변화를 측정하였는데 치료전 및 치료후 치열불규칙지수(Dental Irregularlty Index)의 차이로 초기 교정치료 효과를 비교하였다. 분산분석을 시행하여 불규칙지수의 변화를 살펴본 결과 호선의 재료에 따른 초기 치료 효과는 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical performance of 4 types of orthodontic wires, indicated for initial tooth alignment: stainless steel, multistranded steel, superelastic and thermoactivated nickel-titanium. A prospective randomized clinical trial was conducted on a sample of 45 patients, at the Dental School of the State University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Fixed appliances were fitted and study casts were obtained from each patient. Randomly, the wires were allocated as follows: 26dental arches for superelastic NiTi wires, 22 for stainless steel, 22 for multistranded and 20 for thermoactivated archwires. After 8 weeks, the archwires were removed and impressions for study casts were taken again. Using a 3D digitization technique of defined anatomical points on the study cast crowns, a Dental irregularity Index (Dll) was created for each study cast. The difference between Dll before and after the archwire insertion expressed the aligning effect of the wires. ANOVA tests were employed to evaluate the anatomical point approximation (positive Dll) and separation (negative Dll), for each area of the dental arches: upper and lower whole arch and anterior arch. Results showed no significant difference between the different archwires.

Electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 with N/B co-doped reduced graphene oxide based catalysts

María Isabel Cerrillo,Carlos Jiménez,Miguel Ángel Ortiz,Rafael Camarillo,Jesusa Rincón,Fabiola Martínez 한국공업화학회 2023 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.127 No.-

Metal based materials are frequently used in electrocatalytic processes for the mitigation ofCO2 emissions, increasing the cost of the technology and the toxicity of the material. Metal-free catalystsappear as an interesting alternative. This work focusses on the synthesis of nitrogen and boron dopedreduced graphene oxide (rGO) for the electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 in gas phase in continuous operationmode in a PEM type cell. The main reaction products observed have been formic acid and CO, beingthe first one mainly formed. Results obtained with rGONB have been compared with the undoped rGOand with copper-based catalysts (Cu/rGO and Cu/rGONB). The non-metal doped material (rGONB) ismuch more active in the CO2 electrocatalytic reduction as compared with the undoped material (rGO). The catalytic activity of rGONB is very similar to those obtained with Cu/rGO and Cu/rGONB catalysts,pointing out rGONB as a very promising material for the electrocatalytic reduction of CO2. This is especiallyrelevant considering that rGONB has been tested in a relatively high geometric area (comparedwith most works in literature), in gas phase and in continuous operation mode, which is an importantstep to carry out the further scale-up of the process for industrial applications.

Molecular cloning of two novel NPR1 homologue genes in coconut palm and analysis of their expression in response to the plant defense hormone salicylic acid

Germán Nic‑Matos,María Narváez,Santy Peraza‑Echeverría,Luis Sáenz,Carlos Oropeza 한국유전학회 2017 Genes & Genomics Vol.39 No.9

Nonexpressor of pathogenesis-related gene 1 (NPR1) codes for a transcription cofactor involved in the activation of systemic acquired resistance, a salicylic acid (SA)-dependent defense response. This work reports the cloning and characterization of two new genes, CnNPR1 and CnNPR3 from coconut, homologous to AtNPR1 of Arabidopsis thaliana. The cDNA deduced amino acid sequence contains the protein–protein interaction domains the BTB/POZ and ANKYRIN repeat domains, and a nuclear localization site (NLS). Phylogenetic analysis grouped CnNPR1 in a clade with AtNPR1 and CnNPR3 in a clade with AtNPR3, both reported genes of A. thaliana. Exogenous application of SA to coconut plantlets induced changes in the expression of CnNPR1 and CnNPR3 in leaf, stem and root tissues, providing evidence of their possible role in the signaling cascade leading to SAR in coconut palm. This is the first report on the cloning of putative key genes in the SAR-type defense mechanism in coconut palm.

Volatiles from Marina neglecta: Biocide effect on insect vectors of tropical diseases in Southern Mexico

Pacheco-Hernández Yesenia,Jonnathan Castro-Juárez Carlos,Alberto Ramírez-García Sergio,Cruz-Durán Ramiro,Lozoya-Gloria Edmundo,Villa-Ruano Nemesio 한국응용곤충학회 2021 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.24 No.2

Preventive measures based in the control of insect vectors are considered as the best choice to decrease the incidence of insect-borne diseases. Herein we report on the volatile content of the leaf essential oils from Marina neglecta, a medicinal plant distributed in the tropical regions of southern Mexico. In order to investigate the chemical variation of the essential oils, a volatile screening was performed during the four seasons of the years 2016–2019. Simultaneously, their biological activity was tested on distinct life stages of Meccus pallidipennis, M. bassolsae, Aedes aegypti and A. albopictus. Essential oils were mainly constituted of β-pinene (>30%) β-car yophyllene (>25%) and germacrene D (>13%). Dorsal-abdomen application of essential oils on triatomines, revealed an efficient LC 50 for nymphs of the stages I to III (4 µg/insect), nymphs of the stages IV to V (5–6 µg/ insect), and adults (7–8 µg/insect). The LT 50 for the stages I to III was between 6 and 8 h, whereas that for the stages IV to V and adults oscillated between 12 and 16 h and 22 to 26 h, respectively. Fumigation experiments performed on nymph V, demonstrated that 300 µg L − 1 air produced 100% mortality after 72 h post-treatment. Among tested volatiles, β-pinene and β-caryophyllene produced a comparable mortality rate (p < 0.01) than that of essential oils in the stages assayed. Essential oils showed strong larvicidal (LC 50 , 24–36 µg mL − 1 ) and adul ticidal (35–48 µg mL − 1 ) activities in mosquito species with an LT 50 of 4.5 h and 25–35 min, respectively. The evaluation of β-pinene produced a significant mortality rate (p < 0.01) in larvae whereas germacrene D was the most effective volatile (p < 0.01) against adults of both mosquito species. According to our results, β-pinene was the most effective volatile against the four insect species evaluated and its effect was comparable to that of the essential oil.

Environmental Friendly Deproteinization and Saccharification of Industrial Fungal Biomass by Enzymatic Processing

( Cecilia Perez-cruz ),( Carlos N. Cano-gonzalez ),( Jose Fuentes ),( Nagamani Balagurusamy ),( Carolina E. Vita ),( Roque A. Hours ),( Cristobal N. Aguilar ),( Sebastian F. Cavalitto ),( Juan C. Cont 한국키틴키토산학회 2018 한국키틴키토산학회지 Vol.23 No.3

Aspergillus niger biomass, an industrial by-product of citric acid fermentation is an emergent source of glycoderivatives with applications in biofuel, cosmetics, feed, energy, food, medicine, and nanotechnology. In this study, the effect of purified neutral protease for deprotenization of fungal biomass studied at various levels (0, 5, 10, 20 and 40 U/100 mg of biomass) and the saccharification of fungal biomass was evaluated with amylolytic enzymes and chitosanases. The efficiency of deproteinization of fungal biomass was based on the enzyme concentration and contact time. Protease at a concentration of 20 U/100 mg of dry biomass and with a contact time of 8 h achieved 30% final deproteinization. No effect on saccharification of A. niger biomass was observed by treatment with purified amylolytic enzymes. Meanwhile, the endo- and exo-chitosanases treatment yielded 54 g of g reducing sugars (equivalent to amino sugars)/ kg of fungal biomass, which can be employed for tailor-made carbohydrate production.

Biochemical characterization of a semi-purified aspartic protease from sea catfish Bagre panamensis with milk-clotting activity

Idalia Osuna-Ruiz,Marı´a Fernanda Espinoza-Marroquin,Jesu´ s Aaro´n Salazar-Leyva,Emyr Pen˜a,Carlos Alfonso A ´ lvarez-Gonza´lez,Isaura Ban˜uelos-Vargas,Emmanuel Martı´nez-Montan˜o 한국식품과학회 2019 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.28 No.6

Pepsin from stomach of Bagre panamensis wassemi-purified and biochemically characterized. The acidproteolytic activity and purification fold were 3875 U/mgprotein and 91.85, respectively, after purification process. The optimum pH and temperature for semi-purified proteasewere 2–3 and 65 C, respectively. The enzymeactivity was stable after heating proteases at 50 C for120 min, but only 30% residual activity was detected afterheating at 65 C for 30 min. SDS-PAGE analysis showedtwo proteins bands after dialysis (26.1 and 38.6 kDa). Onlythe band of 38.6 kDa had proteolytic activity, which wasinhibited using pepstatin A. Organic solvents, surfactantsand reducing agents affect the proteolytic activity at differentextent; however, metal ions or EDTA have noimpact on protease activity. The semi-purified proteaseexhibited milk coagulant activity, with a maximum activityat 45 C. The obtained results highlight the potentialbiotechnological use of B. panamensis pepsin.

Increased Cytokine and Nitric Oxide Levels in Serum of Dogs Experimentally Infected with Rangelia vitalii

Francine C. Paim,Aleksandro S. Da Silva,Carlos Breno V. Paim,Raqueli T. Franca,Marcio M. Costa,Marta M. M. F. Duarte,Manuela B. Sangoi,Rafael N. Moresco,Silvia G. Monteiro,Sonia Terezinha A. Lopes 대한기생충학열대의학회 2013 The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol.51 No.1

This study aimed to measure the levels of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 1 (IL-1), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and nitrite/nitrate (NOx) in serum of dogs experimentally infected with Rangelia vitalii. Twelve female mongrel dogs were divided into 2 groups; group A (uninfected controls) composed by healthy dogs (n=5) and group B consisting of dogs inoculated with R. vitalii (n=7). Animals were monitored by blood smear examinations, which showed intraerythrocytic forms of the parasite on day 5 post-infection (PI). Blood samples were collected through the jugular vein on days 0, 10, and 20 PI to determine the serum levels of IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6, and NOx. Cytokines were assessed by ELISA quantitative sandwich technique, and NOx was measured by the modified Griess method. Cytokine levels (IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-1, and IL-6) were increased (P<0.01) in serum of infected animals. Serum levels of NOx were also increased on days 10 PI (P<0.01) and 20 PI (P<0.05) in infected animals. Therefore, the infection with R. vitalii causes an increase in proinflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide content. These alterations may be associated with host immune protection against the parasite.

Factors associated with the survival of colorectal cancer in Mexico

( Carlos Quezada-gutiérrez ),( María Teresa Álvarez-bañuelos ),( Jaime Morales-romero ),( Clara Luz Sampieri ),( Raúl Enrique Guzmán-garcía ),( Evangelina Montes-villaseñor ) 대한장연구학회 2020 Intestinal Research Vol.18 No.3

Background/Aims: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a public health problem. In Mexico, there have been no recent studies conducted on survival in terms of this pathology or on the influence of prognostic factors. The study aims to determine the probability of survival in patients with CRC presence of low levels of schooling and a rural population, adjusted for clinical stage and type of treatment. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in a cohort of 305 patients with CRC treated at State Cancer Center, located in Veracruz-Mexico; the follow-up period of 60 months (2012-2016). The survival probability was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier estimator and the log-rank test with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Prognostic factors were determined using hazard ratio (HR) multivariate Cox regression analysis. Results: Overall survival was 40% at 60 months. Subjects in the age group ≥65 years had a low survival rate of 28% (P=0.026) and an advanced clinical stage of 22% (P<0.001). Of the patients with bone metastasis, none survived longer than 5 years (P=0.008). With respect to the unfavorable prognostic factors identified in the multivariate analysis, a decreased level of schooling was associated with an HR of 7.6 (95% CI, 1.1-54.7), advanced clinical stage was associated with an HR of 2.1 (95% CI, 1.2-4.0), and the presence of metastasis had an HR of 1.8 (95% CI, 1.1-2.9). Conclusions: Poor prognostic factors include an advanced clinical stage, the presence of metastasis and a low level of schooling. These findings confirm the importance of screening for early diagnosis, diminishing the barriers to accessing treatment and prospectively monitoring the population. (Intest Res 2020;18:315-324)

Shear Rate and Microturbulence Effects on the Synthesis of Proteases by Jacaratia mexicana Cells Cultured in a Bubble Column, Airlift, and Stirred Tank Bioreactors

María del Carmen Oliver-Salvador,Elisa Morales-López,Enrique Durán-Páramo,Carlos Orozco-Álvarez,Sergio García-Salas 한국생물공학회 2013 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.18 No.4

Cysteine proteases from Jacaratia mexicana,an endemic Mexican plant, could compete in industrial applications with papain. Currently the only way to obtain these proteases is by extracting them from the wild plant. An alternative source of these enzymes is by J. mexicana suspension culture. In this work, this culture was carried out in airlift, bubble column and stirred tank bioreactors,and the effects of shear rate and microturbulence on cell growth, protein accumulation and proteolytic activity were determined. The shear rates in the stirred tank, bubble column and airlift bioreactors were 274 1/s, 13 1/s and 36 1/s respectively, and microturbulences (symbolized by λ, in units of μm) were 46, 79, and 77 μm, respectively. Protein levels and proteolytic activity were linearly correlated with both shear rate and microturbulence. A higher shear rate and a more intensive microturbulence occurred in the stirred tank, producing higher protein accumulation and higher proteolytic activity compared with those of the other two bioreactor systems. Higher shear rate and microturbulence had an elicitor effect on protease synthesis, because microturbulence in stirred tank bioreactors was lower than the average length of J. mexicana cells. Furthermore, cells in the stirred tank were smaller and thinner than those grown in shake flask, bubble column and airlift bioreactors. In summary, proteases were produced by J. mexicana cell cultures in a stirred tank under conditions of high shear rate and intensive microturbulence, which are similar to those which occur in industrial stirred tanks. These results encourage continuation of the process development for large scale production of these proteases by this technology.

Removing Lipemia in Serum/Plasma Samples: A Multicenter Study

María-José Castro-Castro,Beatriz Candás-Estébanez,Margarita Esteban-Salán,Pilar Calmarza,Teresa Arrobas-Velilla,Carlos Romero-Román,Miguel Pocoví-Mieras,José-Ángel Aguilar-Doreste,Sociedad Española de 대한진단검사의학회 2018 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.38 No.6

Background: Lipemia, a significant source of analytical errors in clinical laboratory settings, should be removed prior to measuring biochemical parameters. We investigated whether lipemia in serum/plasma samples can be removed using a method that is easier and more practicable than ultracentrifugation, the current reference method. Methods: Seven hospital laboratories in Spain participated in this study. We first compared the effectiveness of ultracentrifugation (108,200×g) and high-speed centrifugation (10,000×g for 15 minutes) in removing lipemia. Second, we compared high-speed centrifugation with two liquid-liquid extraction methods—LipoClear (StatSpin, Norwood, USA), and 1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany). We assessed 14 biochemical parameters: serum/plasma concentrations of sodium ion, potassium ion, chloride ion, glucose, total protein, albumin, creatinine, urea, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate-aminotransferase, calcium, and bilirubin. We analyzed whether the differences between lipemia removal methods exceeded the limit for clinically significant interference (LCSI). Results: When ultracentrifugation and high-speed centrifugation were compared, no parameter had a difference that exceeded the LCSI. When high-speed centrifugation was compared with the two liquid-liquid extraction methods, we found differences exceeding the LCSI in protein, calcium, and aspartate aminotransferase in the comparison with 1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane, and in protein, albumin, and calcium in the comparison with LipoClear. Differences in other parameters did not exceed the LCSI. Conclusions: High-speed centrifugation (10,000×g for 15 minutes) can be used instead of ultracentrifugation to remove lipemia in serum/plasma samples. LipoClear and 1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane are unsuitable as they interfere with the measurement of certain parameters.