Geometrically frustrated anisotropic four-leg spin-1/2 nanotube

Jafari, R,Mahdavifar, Saeed,Akbari, Alireza IOP 2019 Journal of physics, an Institute of Physics journa Vol.31 No.49

<P>We develop a real space quantum renormalization group (QRG) to explore a frustrated anisotropic four-leg spin-1/2 nanotube in the thermodynamic limit. We obtain the phase diagram, fixed points, critical points, the scaling of coupling constants and magnetization curves. Our investigation points out that, in the case of strong leg coupling, the diagonal frustrating interaction is marginal under QRG transformations and does not affect the universality class of the model. Remarkably, the renormalization equations express that the spin nanotube prepared in the strong leg coupling case goes to the strong plaquette coupling limit (weakly interacting plaquettes). Subsequently, in the limit of weakly interacting plaquettes, the model is mapped onto a 1D spin-1/2 XXZ chain in a longitudinal magnetic field under QRG transformation. Furthermore, the effective Hamiltonian of the spin nanotube inspires both first and second order phase transitions accompanied by the fractional magnetization plateaus. Our results show that the anisotropy changes the magnetization curve and the phase transition points, significantly. Finally, we report the numerical exact diagonalization results to compare the ground state phase diagram with our analytical visions.</P>

Gapped quantum criticality gains long-time quantum correlations

Jafari, R.,Akbari, Alireza Editions de Physique 2015 Europhysics letters Vol.111 No.1

Application of bioactive glasses in various dental fields

Nazanin Jafari,Mina Seyed Habashi,Alireza Hashemi,Reza Shirazi,Nader Tanideh,Amin Tamadon 한국생체재료학회 2022 생체재료학회지 Vol.26 No.3

Bioactive glasses are a group of bioceramic materials that have extensive clinical applications. Their properties such as high biocompatibility, antimicrobial features, and bioactivity in the internal environment of the body have made them useful biomaterials in various fields of medicine and dentistry. There is a great variation in the main composition of these glasses and some of them whose medical usage has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) are called Bioglass. Bioactive glasses have appropriate biocompatibility with the body and they are similar to bone hydroxyapatite in terms of calcium and phosphate contents. Bioactive glasses are applied in different branches of dentistry like periodontics, orthodontics, endodontics, oral and maxillofacial surgery, esthetic and restorative dentistry. Also, some dental and oral care products have bioactive glasses in their compositions. Bioactive glasses have been used as dental implants in the human body in order to repair and replace damaged bones. Other applications of bioactive glasses in dentistry include their usage in periodontal disease, root canal treatments, maxillofacial surgeries, dental restorations, air abrasions, dental adhesives, enamel remineralization, and dentin hypersensitivity. Since the use of bioactive glasses in dentistry is widespread, there is a need to find methods and extensive resources to supply the required bioactive glasses. Various techniques have been identified for the production of bioactive glasses, and marine sponges have recently been considered as a rich source of it. Marine sponges are widely available and many species have been identified around the world, including the Persian Gulf. Marine sponges, as the simplest group of animals, produce different bioactive compounds that are used in a wide range of medical sciences. Numerous studies have shown the anti-tumor, anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, and antibiotic effects of these compounds. Furthermore, some species of marine sponges due to the mineral contents of their structural skeletons, which are made of biosilica, have been used for extracting bioactive glasses.

Simulation and in vitro evaluations of microfluidically-fabricated clarithromycin-poly (e-caprolactone) nanoparticles

Beeta Tavana,Alireza Khatibi,Saeed Jafarkhani,Payam Zahedi,Mohammad Hossein Zamani,Seyed Hassan Jafari,Mohammad Najafi 한국공업화학회 2023 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.124 No.-

Clarithromycin (CLR)-loaded poly (e-caprolactone) (PCL) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized usingmicrofluidics (MF) with square-shaped (MF1), and three-channel (MF2), geometries as well as conventionalbulk mixing (BM). Based on Comsol simulation results of MF chips, the flow rate ratio, nonsolventphase flow rate, and polymer solution concentration were optimized 0.05, 50 mL h1, and 0.2(%w/v), respectively; thereby, representing MF1 geometry with highest homogenous mixing. Characterization studies indicated that MF1-based NPs possessed smaller average diameter (91 nm),narrower polydispersity index (0.13) and higher zeta potential (-44 mV) compared to those NPs synthesizedby MF2 and BM methods. Moreover, MF1-aided synthesis of NPs exhibited the encapsulation efficiencyof approximately 81% and loading capacity of around 13%. Investigating CLR release behavior atdifferent pHs also demonstrated that the MF1-based NPs experienced the most controlled release, followedthe Fickian diffusion mechanism. The controlled release of MF1-based NPs was confirmed by evaluatingtheir inhibitory effect against specific cytokines on BEAS-2B as bronchitis cell line via a series ofin vitro experiments including real time-polymerase chain reaction and flow cytometry. Eventually, theantibacterial properties of the samples were studied on two prevalent bacterial strains and the obtainedobservations revealed that MF1-based NPs encompassed the best performance in controlled release ofCLR with respect to the other samples.

Waist Circumference and Spirometric Measurements in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Ali Alavi Foumani,Alireza Jafari,Zahra Abbasi Ranjbar,Ehsan Kazemnezhad Leyli,Shima Ildari,Mohammad Masoud Neyaragh 질병관리본부 2019 Osong Public Health and Research Persptectives Vol.10 No.4

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the waist circumference of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), had an impact on lung function. Methods: There were 180 patients with COPD recruited into this prospective cross-sectional study. The age, weight, body mass index and waist circumference (WC) were measured. Spirometry parameters including forced vital capacity (FVC), and forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), were measured and FEV1/FVC calculated. Results: The mean FEV1/FVC in both normal weight and overweight patients, did not statistically significantly correlate with WC. The COPD assessment test, positively correlated with WC (p = 0.031). A positive correlation with body mass index (p < 0.001), smoking (p = 0.027), and global initiative for chronic obstructive lung disease score (p = 0.009), were observed to positively associate with WC. WC, age, C-reactive protein, duration of disease, and gender (male), were observed to be statistically significant risk factors for the severity of COPD. Conclusion: WC was not observed to impact upon lung function in this study but it was a predictive factor for COPD severity in patients.

Tissues toxicity attenuation by vitamin E on oxidative damage induced by diazinon

Kavoos Tahmasebi,Mahvash Jafari,Javad Heydari,Alireza Asgari,Maryam Salehi,Saeed Khazaie,Mohammad Saleh Abedini 5 환경독성보건학회 2022 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.37 No.4

Organophosphorus insecticides such as diazinon (DZN) are used worldwide in industry, veterinary practice, and agriculture. They may induce oxidative stress in different tissues. The use of antioxidants can protect tissues against oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to investigate the prophylactic and therapeutic roles of vitamin E against DZN–induced oxidative damage and biochemical alterations in various tissues of male Wistar rats. Thirty rats were divided into five groups: Control group received only corn oil as DZN solvent, DZN group received 100 mg/kg of DZN, E group received 150 mg/kg of vitamin E, E-DZN group received vitamin E and then dosed with DZN and DZN-E group received DZN and then dosed with vitamin E. All injections were carried out intraperitoneally. Plasma and various tissues were prepared and evaluated. Results showed that acute administration of DZN caused a significant induction of oxidative damage in the tested tissues via increased malondialdehyde level and some plasma biochemical indices, depletion of glutathione (GSH), reduced cholinesterase activity and change in the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione-S transferase. Treatment of rats with vitamin E resulted in an elevation in the level of GSH, normalizing the antioxidant enzymes activities and decreasing lipid peroxidation, although all these tests did not return to the normal level in certain tissues. The findings of this study suggest that both prophylactic and therapeutic treatments of rats with vitamin E provide a protective role against DZN-induced oxidative stress and cholinergic hyperactivity through free radicals scavenging and membrane stabilizing.

The Lack of Association between Plant-Based Dietary Pattern and Breast Cancer: a Hospital-Based Case-Control Study

( Nastaran Payandeh ),( Hossein Shahinfar ),( Mohammad Reza Amini ),( Alireza Jafari ),( Maryam Safabakhsh ),( Hossein Imani ),( Sakineh Shab-bidar ) 한국임상영양학회 2021 Clinical Nutrition Research Vol.10 No.2

Our purpose was to assess the association between plant-based dietary patterns and breast cancer (BrCa) among Iranian women. This hospital-based case-control study included 150 newly diagnosed BrCa cases and 150 age-matched controls from the Cancer Research Center, Imam Khomeini hospital, Iran. Three indices of a plant-based diet were first calculated: plant-based diet index (PDI), the healthy PDI (hPDI), and the unhealthy PDI (uPDI). In the overall PDI, all plant foods scored positively. In hPDI and uPDI, healthy and less healthy plant foods scored positive, respectively. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) in the highest adherence of PDI was 1.00 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.55-1.83). In hPDI, 0.89 (95% CI, 0.49-1.62); in uPDI, 1.80 (95% CI, 0.95-3.42). The adjusted OR after subgroup analysis for body mass index (BMI) was as follow, BMI > 25: 0.77(95% CI, 0.37-1.61) comparing highest with the lowest tertile of PDI, 0.91(95% CI, 0.44-1.89) comparing highest with the lowest tertile of hPDI and this value for uPDI was 2.04 (95% CI, 0.91-4.56). BMI < 25: OR for top tertile of PDI was 1.82 (95% CI, 0.48-6.93), top tertile of hPDI was 1.47 (95% CI, 0.35-6.22) and top tertile of uPDI was 2.29 (95% CI, 0.54-9.70). Our results revealed no significant association between none of the PDIs and the chance of BrCa in Iranian women. Continued and expanded research, evaluated by different methods and BrCa is urgently needed to build the foundation for future progress in evidence-based public health efforts.

Comparison of in Vitro Cytotoxicity and Apoptogenic Activity of Magnesium Chloride and Cisplatin as Conventional Chemotherapeutic Agents in the MCF-7 Cell Line

Mirmalek, Seyed Abbas,Jangholi, Ehsan,Jafari, Mohammad,Yadollah-Damavandi, Soheila,Javidi, Mohammad Amin,Parsa, Yekta,Parsa, Tina,Salimi-Tabatabaee, Seyed Alireza,Kolagar, Hossein Ghasemzadeh,Jalil, S Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.no.sup3

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy and also the second leading cause of cancer death among women and also in women that have a high mortality. Previous studies showed that magnesium (Mg) has cytotoxic effects on malignant cell lines. However, the anti-cancer effects of Mg on MCF-7 breast cancer cells are uncertain. This study was aimed at the comparison of the cytotoxic effect of Mg salt (MgCl2) and cisplatin on MCF-7 cells and fibroblasts (as normal cells). After treatment with various concentrations of MgCl2, and cisplatin as a positive control for 24 and 48 hours (h), cytotoxicity activity was measured by MTT assay. In addition, apoptosis was determined by annexin V/propidium iide assay. Both cisplatin and the MgCl2 exhibited dose-dependent cytotoxic effects in the MCF-7 cell line, although the LD50 of the Mg was significantly higher when compared to cispaltin ($40{\mu}g/ml$ vs. $20{\mu}g/ml$). Regarding annexin V/propidium results, treatment of MCF-7 cells with LD50 concentrations of cisplatin and Mg showed 59% and 44% apoptosis at 24h, respectively. Finally, the results indicated that Mg has cytotoxic effects on MCF-7 cells, but less than cisplatin as a conventional chemotherapeutic agent. However, regarding the side effects of chemotherapy drugs, it seems that Mg can be considered as a supplement for the treatment of breast cancer.

Application of Cox and Parametric Survival Models to Assess Social Determinants of Health Affecting Three-Year Survival of Breast Cancer Patients

Mohseny, Maryam,Amanpour, Farzaneh,Mosavi-Jarrahi, Alireza,Jafari, Hossein,Moradi-Joo, Mohammad,Monfared, Esmat Davoudi Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.no.sup3

Breast cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer mortality in Iran. Social determinants of health are among the key factors affecting the pathogenesis of diseases. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the social determinants of breast cancer survival time with parametric and semi-parametric regression models. It was conducted on male and female patients diagnosed with breast cancer presenting to the Cancer Research Center of Shohada-E-Tajrish Hospital from 2006 to 2010. The Cox proportional hazard model and parametric models including the Weibull, log normal and log-logistic models were applied to determine the social determinants of survival time of breast cancer patients. The Akaike information criterion (AIC) was used to assess the best fit. Statistical analysis was performed with STATA (version 11) software. This study was performed on 797 breast cancer patients, aged 25-93 years with a mean age of 54.7 (${\pm}11.9$) years. In both semi-parametric and parametric models, the three-year survival was related to level of education and municipal district of residence (P<0.05). The AIC suggested that log normal distribution was the best fit for the three-year survival time of breast cancer patients. Social determinants of health such as level of education and municipal district of residence affect the survival of breast cancer cases. Future studies must focus on the effect of childhood social class on the survival times of cancers, which have hitherto only been paid limited attention.

Variable localization of Toll-like receptors in human fallopian tube epithelial cells

Amjadi, Fatemehsadat,Zandieh, Zahra,Salehi, Ensieh,Jafari, Reza,Ghasemi, Nasrin,Aflatoonian, Abbas,Fazeli, Alireza,Aflatoonian, Reza The Korean Society for Reproductive Medicine 2018 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.45 No.1

Objective: To determine the localization, expression, and function of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in fallopian tube epithelial cells. Methods: The localization of TLRs in fallopian tube epithelial cells was investigated by immunostaining. Surprisingly, the intensity of staining was not equal in the secretory and ciliated cells. After primary cell culture of fallopian tube epithelial cells, ring cloning was used to isolate colonies of ciliated epithelial cells, distinct from non-ciliated epithelial cells. The expression of TLRs 1-10 was examined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and protein localization was confirmed by immunostaining. The function of the TLRs was determined by interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 production in response to TLR2, TLR3, TLR5, TLR7, and TLR9 ligands. Results: Fallopian tube epithelial cells expressed TLRs 1-10 in a cell-type-specific manner. Exposing fallopian tube epithelial cells to TLR2, TLR3, TLR5, TLR7, and TLR9 agonists induced the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and IL-8. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that TLR expression in the fallopian tubes is cell-type-specific. According to our results, ciliated cells may play more effective role than non-ciliated cells in the innate immune defense of the fallopian tubes, and in interactions with gametes and embryos.