漕艇競技의 內容에 관한 硏究

李相于 東亞大學校 附設 스포오츠科學硏究所 1984 스포츠科學硏究論文集 Vol.2 No.-

In this paper, the author has compared the psysiques, pitches and records of the rowing crew of 6 Japanese teams who participated in the 61st Japanese Rowing Championship and of 8 teams who participated in the 23rd Oxford Rowing Championship, for the race improvement of rowing. As a result, the followings have been obtained: (1) The teams in the Japanese Rowing Championship are superior to those of Oxford Rowing Championship in terms of heights and weights. The Average weight of a Korean team(Dankook University) is higher than those of other teams by 3kg, whilst these shows little difference in height. Therefore, it is suggested that the steady state of weights should be maintained. (2) The record of Juodaikaku team who won the Japanese Rowing Championship is 6’15”30 and that of Dankook University team who won the Oxford Championship 6’29”42, thus showing the difference by 4”12. The former maintained the steady lap time in each quarter, whilst the latter maintained the stagnant record in the last 500 quarter. (3) It is desirable that the pitches should be adjusted in consideration of the race management of the rival team and the race ability.

創作務踊에 있어서의 움직임에 對한 哲學的 考察

張禎允 東亞大學校 附設 스포오츠科學硏究所 1984 스포츠科學硏究論文集 Vol.2 No.-

The six movement theories chosen for this study examined that 1. Delsarte analyzed gesture and meaning ful movement in the context of dramatic art. 2. The development of musical concept through rhythmical movement was explored by Delsarte. 3. Laban investigated human movement as the total harmonization of an individual and applied to education, art, recreation, therapy, and industry. 4. Graham, in the theatre of Dance, projected body-centered movement, through which a man's inner being could be penetrated. 5. Humphrey-Weidman found imaginative movement values in the theatric forms of abstracted life. 6. Philosophical concept of movement as symbolic transformation were considered by Ellfeldt-Metheny. Theoretic concept of movement is either functional or expressive. As far as concerning creative dance movement in modern dance, we conceive the dance movement itself as a symbolic form or the virtual image related to an imaginary world created by the piece. After the revolution about dance concept by Merce Cunningham, the movement concept tends to follow the artistic trends in modern society, which I consider tentative and personal.

競技種目別로 본 優秀選手의 體格.體力의 比較 및 基準設定에 관한 硏究

朴哲浩,金榮俊,鄭琮潤 東亞大學校 附設 스포오츠科學硏究所 1985 스포츠科學硏究論文集 Vol.3 No.-

This research has the aims of making known what the characteristics of physique and physical fitness factors are and establishing a desirable model of standard evaluation for talented collegiate athletes according to their games. Method All 157 talented athletes of 11 items of sports who attend colleges in Pusan and chosen for the research, and standard evaluation by means of T-score was made on the basis of the measurement results of 18 physique and 28 physical fitness factors. The numbers of student athletes in each event are 29 in baseball, 27 in socer, 22 in wrestling, 16 in taegwondo, 15 in judo, 14 in ssirum, 12 in bosing, 7 in track & field, 5 in archery, and 3 in cycling. Conclusion 1. The first three groups which attained higher records in standing height, body weight of chest and sitting height were those of ssirum, field & track and judo, while those of Taegwondo and archery were the lowest 2. In such factors as length of upper arm and length of limb, the groups of field & track, ssirum and baseball were highest in order, while those of archery and cycling were the lowest in their scores. 3. In girths of upper arm, forearm and thigh, the athlete groups of ssirum, judo and field & track in order got higher scores than others, while the lowest two groups were those of Taegwondo and archer. 4. In strengths of grip, upper arm in extensor and flexor and leg in extensor and flexor, the groups of ssirum, field & track and judo were the highest three, and those of archery and boxing were the lowest two. 5. In the relative strength factor, the groups of field & track, archery and cycling in the score order were the highest, and judo and boxing groups were the lowest. 6. In the static muscular endurance factor, the player groups of wrestling, soccer and archery were in order the highest three, and those of baseball and boxing were the lowest two. 7. In the power factor, the collegiate athlete groups of field & track, fencing, ssirum and baseball were the highest four in the score order, and those of boxing and archery were the lowest two. 8. In the factor of flexibility, the athletic groups of fencing, archery and Taegwondo were the highest three, while those of field & track and boxing showed the lowest marks. 9. In the factor of cardiovascular funciton and endurance, the student player groups of field & track, ssirum and soccer were the highest three, while those of boxing and archery received the lowest scores. 10. A model of standard evaluation of physique and physical fitness for the subjects, namely talented athletes, by means of T-score were presented in Table 5-1, 2, 3 and 4.

서울올림픽大會 長期基本計劃 方案에 관한 硏究

長基一 東亞大學校 附設 스포오츠科學硏究所 1983 스포츠科學硏究論文集 Vol.1 No.-

Thanks to the promoting policy of making sports activities Popular, Scientific and indispensable, which was begun right after the military revolution in May of 1961, Olympiad 'as a way of concluding it' will be held in Seoul in 1988. At present, the Ministry of Athletics is conducting Scientific and systematic training for those promising medalists of young chosen athletes in preparation for Seoul Olympics. In that a long-term plan is urgent for such hopeful games as boxing, wrestling, archery, shooting, weight lifting and ball games; and also in that the solution for various problems in raising up the record of each player to that of world player is "The sooner, the better."; was given the purport of this paper. Thus, for the purpose of taking proper pride in holding Olympics, I made following suggestions in terms of player, coach, facilities, system and so forth. 1. Various Athletic Ganes Focusing on As They Should Be (1) Field and Track: Experience in more international competitions, Inviting foreign coaches who are excellent in skills, Building a boom by sponsoring field and track games frequently (2) Gymnastics: Raising young players s early as possible, Introduction of superior facilities and up-dated infromations, Research for coaches (3) Swimming: Construction of more swimming pools preparing for important ganes, Development of new methods (4) Boxing and Wrestling: Emphasis on physical strength prior to skills, Change of delegate players when necessary (5) Ball Games: Securing genuine lawn grounds, Invitation of excellent foreign teams, Finding out unknown faces of tall height, Developing new eays of defence and offence (6) Other Games 1) Archery: Inquiry on modern methods of shooting an arrow 2) Shooting: Making this game even more popular to the public, Instituting big-scale shooting grounds 3) Weight Liffing: Education of coaches, Training in based on Scientific theories 2. Solution for Some Problems in Raising Our Sports to the World Level (1) Dispatchment of the medical doctors to each game (2) Training and frequent games in foreign countries (3) Building much more sports science institutes (4) Bringing up promising young athletes according to their fitnesses (5) Emphasizing the scientific training, enforcement of basic physical strength and rearing good coaches by the system (6) Establishment of its own ground for each game (7) Introduction of up-dated skills and methods of the countries that are superior to out country in research of sports (8) Invitation of prominent alien coaches for a long time (9) Supports of sufficient funds from the government

新羅花郞의 身體思想에 관한 硏究 : as a Consideration from the Historical viewpoint of physical education thoughts. 體育思想史的 考察을 中心으로

李鎭洙 東亞大學校 附設 스포오츠科學硏究所 1985 스포츠科學硏究論文集 Vol.3 No.-

This research was provided as one of preparatory studies for the constitution of the nation's physical culture as well as a discovery of the nation's educational situation among the world history of physical education. The purpose of this study is on a historical consideration of philosophical viewpoint about a human body conceived by the Hwarang. Both the conception about a human body from the ancient people in Korea and that of the Hwarang were examined by literal sources such as, Sam Kook Sa Gi, Sam Kook Yoo Sa and etc. The major points of consideration are as follow: 1. The peculiar concept about a human body, borne by the ancient Korean, improved the prowess of a physical eligibility for its utilization. By that period, Korean people already accepted the value and the importance of a human body, also aiming at the physical strength. 2. The philosophical viewpoint about a human body conceived by the people of silla was based on the aesthetics of a human body which appeals outwardly. Moreover, the thought of respectability of a human body achieved artistic level of the aesthetics. 3. The Hwarang, in accordance with their philosophical viewpoint about a human body, believed that a human body is unseparable from a mind. Therefore, the physical exercises were performed with the required condition of the body-mind unity. The importance of the exercises were approved by its achievement of mental education as well. The exercises included bodily ordeal, hiking and meditational course held in the mountains.

卓球選手의 運動强度에 관한 硏究(I)

鄭琮勳,鄭永銖 東亞大學校 附設 스포오츠科學硏究所 1984 스포츠科學硏究論文集 Vol.2 No.-

With seven ping-pong players of S Girls' Commercial Hight School as the subjects, this research was made in order to reveal the degree of work intensity by measuring how % H. R. max would change when they do the exercises of short rally, cut rally and smash, hoping the result would be of use in training table tennis players as effectively as possible. Method First, Heart Checker 108 System was employed to measure the heart rate when they do the ping-pong exercises. Second, in getting the records of heart rate and ventilation at rest as maximum heart rate and ventilation, such machines as Treadmill and Polygraph System(RM-6000) were used. Conclusion 1. As Table 1 shows, the average characteristics of the subjects were 8 years in player career, 16-18 years in age, 160.2±5.28cm in height, 52.6±3.05kg in weight, and 1.53±0.07㎡ in body surface area. 2. Heart rate at rest averaged 68.9 beats/min, having no influence upon maximum heart rate. 3. In the case the record of heart rate at exercise is low, there was noticed a fast recovery. 4. Around 2 minutes after the exercise, the normal increase of heart rate was seen. 5. Relative heart rate, or % H. R. max, during the 5-minute exercise averaged 43.9% of 129.7±5.01 beats/min in short rally suggesting a medium work intensity, 30.7% of 171.4±5.24 beats/min in smash a high work intensity. See Table 5. 6. In estimating the degree of work intensity, the use of relative heart rate rather than that of the change record of heart rate is of much help, the research insured. 7. It was revealed that a player's emotional problems influence much his relative heart rate. 8. The reason why a slow recovery is seen until 1 minute after the exercise, as in Fig. 5, is supposed to have come from the fact that, in doing a few minutes exercises such as short rally and smash, they may be finished with no appearance of maximum heart rate during them but at rest. 9. As Table 6 shows about the significance test of the mean differences of heart rate change during exercise and rest, a significance between heart rate at rest and heart rate at exercise as well as its change was seen at the level of 0.1%(p<0.001).10. Ventilation at rest of the subjects averaged 9.98±1.76 1/min, scoring a little higher than its normal value. 11. Their maximum ventilation, measured by Treadmill they were exhausted, scored on the average 83.9±8.11 1/min which is much lower than 130 1/min-180 1/min, that of foreign players. This result is believed to have come from the differences of physique, sex, age, game, temperature, moisture, gesture, training and so forth. 12. Average ventilation and relative ventilation during the five minutes of exercises recorded 33.2±3.73 1/min and 31.2% in short rally, 25.5±1.85 1/min and 21.2% in cut rally, and 59.7±4.80 1/min in smash. See Table 10. Suggestion 1. It is expected to be of much help in getting better athletic results to train table tennis players for the purpose of raising their whole body endurance. 2. A high degree of work intensity is thought to be achieved if one is trained to make many gestures and motions in exercising short rally or cut rally. 3. In comparing ventilation, relative maximum ventilation, or % VE(BTPS)max, is believed to be a good measure.

體育.스포오츠事故에 관한 法的問題의 考察

鄭琮潤,鄭琮勳,鄭永銖,朴相甲 東亞大學校 附設 스포오츠科學硏究所 1985 스포츠科學硏究論文集 Vol.3 No.-

In Modern Society, physical education and sports are getting popularization and leisureliness. From this tendency point of view, accidents of physical education and sports are getting on the increase. Nevertheless, out country is not discussed from important social problems by surrounding about accidents of physical education and sports. In connection with the importance about physical education-sports accidents, this study should also be important our civil law §750,§751,§752,§756 and national reparation law §2,§5,§6. Therefore, I would like to suggest that this study is considered a counterplan on accidents-responsibility and accidents-reparation about physical education-sports accidents.

H.R計測에 의한 主婦의 하루중 Energy 消耗量에 관한 硏究

李光順 東亞大學校 附設 스포오츠科學硏究所 1983 스포츠科學硏究論文集 Vol.1 No.-

Calcurating how many calories a housewife needs a day is very important, for her health has a great influence on her house and society. With a view to effectively controling her health, the researcher estimated the energy expenditure of a housewife in a day through different categories of activities. Method Six healthy housewives(41∼44) were selected for the subjects of this study. Computering a daily heart rate by MAC (Vine Co., VHM 1-012, Japan), and the researcher supplied power to MAC Reader Ⅱ (Vine co., VMSZ-1, Japan), and them connected the latter machine with Epson Super Terminal Printer Type Ⅰ(Epson Co., MP-80, Japan), and lastly could know their heart rates by producing power to Flat-Bad Pen Record (YEW-3066-21, Japan) with the help of Analog. Thus, applying them to the formula of S. Tsubouchi between posture change and energetic activities (Vo₂-HR), she made an exact calcuration of the total amount of oxygen intake. The following are the results of measuring their daily energy expenditure through different activities by the criterion of 4.838 Cal by the oxygen intake of 1ℓ. Conclusion 1. 2145.40±408.82 Cal/day: Total energy expenditure in a day 89.39±17.03 Cal/hr/day: Energy expenditure by/hour 1.490±0.28 Cal/min/day: Energy expenditure by/minute 38.48±5.66 Cal/㎏/day: Energy expenditure by/㎏ of body weight 1376.81±217.80 Cal/㎡/day: Energy expenditure by/㎡ of body surface area 2. r=0.911(p<0.001): Correlation coefficient between body weight and the total amount of daily energy expenditure r=0.915(p<0.001): Correlation coefficient between body surface area and the total amount of daily energy expenditure 3. 55.88±4.31 Cal/hr/bay: Energy expenditure in sleep 64.78±8.17 〃 : 〃 at rest 70.26±8.86 〃 : 〃 in recreational inactivities 74.32±8.46 〃 : 〃 in watching TV 82.97±17.02 〃 : 〃 in speaking on the phone 89.03±16.18 〃 : 〃 in personal necessities 89.98±15.84 〃 : 〃 in eating meals 96.64±31.82 〃 : 〃 in recreational activities 109.96±19.55 〃 : 〃 in homekeeping 134.02±24.60 〃 : 〃 in cleaning 140.01±29.26 〃 : 〃 in washing the clothes

高校野球 競技에 있어서 投手起用方法이 投球能力에 미치는 影響

安永弼 東亞大學校 附設 스포오츠科學硏究所 1983 스포츠科學硏究論文集 Vol.1 No.-

In fact, the pitcher's role is so important in a baseball game that there is always a danger of his overwork beyond his limits to physical strength in the course of trainings or in actual games. This paper's aim is in presenting some guidelines for solving the problems which the high school pitchers have by incautious employment and frequent replacements as relief pitchers in most part of the games. The subjects of this research were 301 pitchers who participated in 5 national high school baseball championships, and 21 who joined in the Korea-Japan High School Baseball Friendship Match in 1982. Thus, this investigation examined the employing method of the pitchers and the content of their pitching in 5 national high school baseball games. Conclusion 1. 41 pitchers threw a full game of nine innings among 301 high school pitchers from 136 teams. There is shown a tendency of decrease in the number of pitchers throwing a full game; 16 pitchers in C championship of last year, 9 pitchers in A, and 1 pitcher in E. 2. The period between the starting day of the first national game and that of the last is only 176 days, so the interval of 6 national championships is 29 days on the average. The extreme one is only 8 days between C and D games. 3. The researcher discovered that the teams which won in the finals or in the semifinals, had about four times as much as other teams in the number of pitchers who threw a full game. 4. To take another example, Cho of K High School, who participated in 19 games in last year, played two times as a starting pitcher, twenty four times as a relief pitcher, and only one time did he throw the nine innings. This shows that the accellent pitcher as wellas Cho has been over worked greatly than the other one in most games. 5. There were 54 pitchers who left the mound without even putting out one batter in the first inning, while 37 appeared twice in a game. The injury of the pitcher's shoulders is, in most cases, owing to the over-employing him more than two times in a game. 6. In three Korea-Japan baseball friendship games, Korea team made 3 pitchers rotate 14 times forcing them even when some runners were in scoring positions. On the other hand, Japanese high school teams had more freedom while rotating 5 pitchers 8 times.

Boxing 選手의 減量食 攝取에 의한 體重減量의 方法的 硏究

鄭琮勳,安永弼,朴哲浩,鄭永銖 東亞大學校 附設 스포오츠科學硏究所 1985 스포츠科學硏究論文集 Vol.3 No.-

For the purpose of contributing to the enhancement of boxing theories and techniques, this research aimed at revealing various functional changes and an ideal method of weight reduction when the subjects, six boxers at D University, reduced their body weights up to 8 percent, measuring three times-before and after weight loss and at recovery four hours after reduction. 1. Methods of weight Reduction by Group 1. Sauna Group (1) Running once a day at the work intensity of 70% ???O₂max. (2) Scheduled diet of 1877 Cal a day prepared by a nutritionist. 2. Kinds of Measurement 1. Physigue : Body height, body weight, girth of chest. 2. Fat by Underwater Body weight : Underwater body weight, residual lung volume, fat, LBM. body density. 3. General Endurance : Maximum oxygen Rptake, maximum heart rate, maximum ventilation. 4. Muscular Strength & Endurance : Left & right extension of maximum upper arm muscular strength, left & right extension of maximum upper arm muscular endurance(dynamic at the speed of once a second on the ⅓ load of the former) 3. Conclusion 1. The limit weight, one reduced by as much as 8 percent, was reached in sauna group after 8 days from 66.3 to 61.0 and in L. C. D. group after 9 days 65.7 to 60.4. 2. In general, in L. C. D. group, fat was lost more than LBM (Lean Body Mass), recovery was fast in oxygen uptake per kg of body weight and conceivable increase was seen in upper arm muscular endurance. In sauna group, nothing but the increase in maximum muscular strength was conceivable. 3. As for fat, more reduction was noticed in L. C. D. group (1.1kg, 20.8% of total weight loss) that in sauna group (2.0kg, 37.7% of total loss). 4. As for LBM, more reduction was seen in sauna group (4.2kg, 79.2% of total loss) than in L. C. D. group (3.3kg, 62.3% of total loss). 5. As to % gat, more reduction was shown in L. C. D. group (19% then in sauna group(15%). 6. As to maximum time of maintaining exercise, more insrease was revealed in L. C. D. group(33.8%, P<0.01) then in sauna group (18.4%, P< 0.01) between weiht loss and recovery periods. 7. As for maximum heart rate, no difference was shown in sauna group, while a reduction of 2 percent after weight loss and the of 3.4 percent at recovery were shown in L. C. D. group. 8. As for maximum oxygen uptake, a reduction of 2.44% in sauna group and that of 25.1% in L. C. D. group were noticed after weight loss, while an increase of 5.01% in sauna and that of 40.6% in L. C. D. group were conceived at recovery. 9. As to maximum oxygen uptake per body weight, an increase of 0.8% in sauna group and a decrease of 19.0% L. C. D. group were seen after weight loss, while an increase was shown in sauna group(0.6%) and in L. C. D. group(14.6%) at recovery. 10. As to ventilation, a decrease was revealed in sauna group (3.96%) and in L. C. D. group (14.2%) after weight reduction, while an increase was seen in sauna group (12.2%) and in L. C. D. group (15.8%) at recovery. 11. As for maximum respiratory rate, an increase in sauna group (1.5%) and a decrease in L. C. D. group (7.7%) were shown after weight loss, while an increase was noticed in sauna (1.5%) and L. C. D. group (10.0%) at recovery. 12. As for oxygen removal, an increase was seen in sauna (19.3%) and L. C. D. group (17.1%) after weight loss, and a growth was conceived only in sauna group (7.83%) at recovery 13. No significant difference was noticed in O₂ pulse, tidal volume, and respiratory quotient. 14. As to maximum of muscular strength, right upper arm a decrease was shown both in sauna (8.5%) and L. C. D. (9.0%) group, while in its counterpart were seen a reduction in sauna group (0.4%) and a increase in L. C. D. group (5.0%). 15. As to muscular endurance of right upper arm, a growth was revealed in sauna (36.3%) and L. C. D. group (77.2%) after weight loss, while in its counterpart was seen an increase in sauna (26.6%) and L. C. D. group (37.5%). At the timne of recovery, an increase was shown in sauna (31.4%) and L. C. D. group (9.3%) in right upper arm, while an increase in sauna group (26.7%) and a decrease in L. C. D. group (16.7%) were noticed in left upper arm. 4. Suggestion As for as body weight reduction is concerned, the method of low calorie diet is, in almost all respects, thought to be more economial and ideal than other methods including sauna bathing, especially in the matter of athletic performance.