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Bathula, Chinna,Song, Chang Eun,Badgujar, Sachin,Hong, Seong-Jin,Kang, In-Nam,Moon, Sang-Jin,Lee, Jaemin,Cho, Shinuk,Shim, Hong-Ku,Lee, Sang Kyu The Royal Society of Chemistry 2012 Journal of materials chemistry Vol.22 No.41
<P>Novel triisopropylsilylethynyl (TIPS)-substituted benzodithiophene-based copolymers, poly[4,8-bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl)benzo[1,2-<I>b</I>:4,5-<I>b</I>′]dithiophene-2,6-diyl-<I>alt</I>-4,6-(2-ethylhexyl-thieno[3,4-<I>b</I>]thiophene-2-carboxylate)] (<B>P1</B>), poly[4,8-bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl)benzo[1,2-<I>b</I>:4,5-<I>b</I>′]dithiophene-2,6-diyl-<I>alt</I>-[4,6-{(1-thieno[3,4-<I>b</I>]thiophen-2-yl)-2-ethylhexan-1-one}] (<B>P2</B>), and poly[4,8-bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl)benzo[1,2-<I>b</I>:4,5-<I>b</I>′]dithiophene-2,6-diyl-<I>alt</I>-4,6-(2-ethylhexyl(3-fluorothieno[3,4-<I>b</I>]thiophene)-2-carboxylate)] (<B>P3</B>), were designed and synthesized for use in polymer solar cells (PSCs). We describe the effects of the different acceptor segment side groups on the optical, electrochemical, field-effect hole mobility, and photovoltaic characteristics of the resulting TIPS-based copolymers. The side groups in the copolymers were found to significantly influence the carrier mobilities and photovoltaic properties of the copolymers. The field-effect mobilities of the holes varied from 9 × 10<SUP>−5</SUP> cm<SUP>2</SUP> V<SUP>−1</SUP> s<SUP>−1</SUP> in <B>P2</B> to 3 × 10<SUP>−3</SUP> cm<SUP>2</SUP> V<SUP>−1</SUP> s<SUP>−1</SUP> in <B>P1</B>. Under optimized conditions, the TIPS-based polymers showed power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) for the PSCs in the range of 3.16–5.76%. Among the TIPS-based copolymers studied here, <B>P1</B> showed the best photovoltaic performance, with an open-circuit voltage (<I>V</I><SUB>oc</SUB>) of 0.82 V, a short-circuit current density (<I>J</I><SUB>sc</SUB>) of 12.75 mA cm<SUP>−2</SUP>, a fill factor (FF) of 0.55, and a power-conversion efficiency of 5.76% using a <B>P1</B>:PC<SUB>71</SUB>BM blend film as the active layer under AM 1.5G irradiation (100 mW cm<SUP>−2</SUP>).</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>Polymer solar cells made from the new TIP-substituted BDT-based copolymer yield a power conversion efficiency of 5.76% with a short-circuit density of 12.75 mA cm<SUP>−2</SUP>, an open-circuit voltage of 0.82 V, and a fill factor of 0.55. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c2jm33466f'> </P>
Synthesis, Characterization and TFT Characteristics of Diketopyrrolopyrrole Based Copolymer
Bathula, Chinna,Jeong, Seunghoon,Chung, Jeyon,Kang, Youngjong American Scientific Publishers 2016 Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology Vol.16 No.3
<P>A novel diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) based low band gap polymer, poly[4,8-bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl) benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b!]dithiophene-2,6-diyl-alt-[2,5-di-hexyl-3,6-dithiophen-2-ylpyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-1,4-dione] (PTIPSBDT-DPP) is synthesized by Stille polymerization for use in thin film transistor (TFTs). The new polymer contain extended aromatic pi-conjugated segments alternating with the DPP units and are designed to increase the free energy for charge generation to overcome current limitations in photocurrent generation. In this study we describe the synthesis, thermal stability, optical, electrochemical properties and TFT characteristics.</P>
Synthesis and characterization of new silafluorene-based copolymers for polymer solar cells.
Bathula, Chinna D,Park, Song Ju,Lee, Jong-Cheol,Shin, Won Suk,Moon, Sang-Jin,Lee, Sang Kyu American Scientific Publishers 2014 Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology Vol.14 No.8
<P>A series of silafluorene-based copolymers, poly[9-(2-ethylhexyl)-9-dodecyl-silafluorene-2,7-diyl-alt-5,5-(4',7'-di-2-thienyl-2',1',3'-benzothiadiazole)] (P1), poly[9-(2-ethylhexyl)-9-dodecyl-silafluorene-2,7-diyl-alt-2,5-bis-(thiophene-2-yl)thiazolo [5,4-d]thiazole] (P2), and poly[9-(2-ethylhexyl)-9-dodecyl-silafluorene-2,7-diyl-alt-5,5-(5',8'-di-2-thienyl-2,3-bis(4-octyloxyl)phenyl)quinoxaline] (P3), were synthesized and used as donor materials in polymer solar cells (PSCs). The optical, electrochemical, and photovoltaic properties of the copolymers were investigated. The results indicate that the acceptor units in the copolymers influenced the band gap, electronic energy levels, and photovoltaic properties of the copolymers significantly. The band gaps of the copolymers were in the range 1.82-2.10 eV. Under optimized conditions, the silafluorene-based polymers showed power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) for the PSCs in the range 1.31-1.69% under AM 1.5 illumination (100 mW/cm2). Among the three copolymers, P1, which contained a benzothiadiazole acceptor unit, showed a power conversion efficiency of 1.69% with a short circuit current of 4.59 mA/cm2, open circuit voltage of 0.88 V, and a fill factor of 0.42, under AM 1.5 illumination (100 mW/cm2).</P>
Synthesis and photophysical investigations of pyromellitic diimide based small molecules
Bathula, Chinna,Mallikarjuna, K.,Kadam, Abhijit,Shrestha, Nabeen K.,Khadtare, Shubhangi,Mane, Suresh D.,Kim, Haekyoung Elsevier 2019 Inorganic chemistry communications Vol.102 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The present work reports on the highly efficient microwave assisted Suzuki coupling reaction for obtaining pyromellitic diimide based symmetrical small molecules with donor-acceptor-donor (<I>D</I>-<I>A</I>-<I>D</I>) configuration. Electron rich bithiophene is employed as a donor and alkyl substituted pyromellitic diimide units are explored as acceptors to get the desired small molecules. In order to study the relation between chemical structures and material properties, the prepared compounds were characterized in detail using absorption spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry and thermograviometric analysis. The compounds exhibited good thermal stabilities with high decomposition temperature. Photophysical investigations of the newly synthesized pyromellitic diimide based small molecules, suggests these materials as potential candidates for organic electronic applications.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Two novel symmetrical π conjugated oligomers are synthesized. </LI> <LI> Microwave assisted PdCl<SUB>2</SUB>(dppf) catalyzed Suzuki coupling reaction. </LI> <LI> The shorter reaction time, high yields and simple isolation is the novelty of this method. </LI> <LI> Determination of photophysical studies and HOMO-LUMO levels. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Henry Opoku,Chinna Bathula,Melaku Dereje Mamo,Nabeen K Shrestha,이태권,노용영 한국고분자학회 2019 Macromolecular Research Vol.27 No.1
Two narrow band gap triisopropylsilyl substituted benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b] dithiophene (TIPS-BDT) derivatives, P1 (1.65 eV) and P2 (1.46 eV) are synthesized for ambipolar organic field-effect transistors and complementary inverters. Two electron acceptor units, heptadecanyl substituted thieno[3,4-c]pyrrole-4,6-dione (TPD) and ethylhexyl substituted diketopyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole (DPP) are incorporated to tune the structure and resulting properties of the donor-acceptor type copolymers. Structural modification based on the acceptor unit variation, resulted in comparable electrochemical, optical, microstructural, and charge transporting properties, as well as environmental and operational stability. TIPS-BDT copolymers with TPD acceptor units show comparatively superior performance, with field effect mobility ~10-3 cm2V-1s-1 for both holes and electrons and inverter gain ~18 with poly(methyl methacrylate) gate dielectric.
Badgujar, Sachin,Bathula, Chinna,Moon, Sang-Jin,Lee, Soo-Hyung,Lee, Sang Kyu American Scientific Publishers 2014 Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology Vol.14 No.8
<P>New dithieno[3,2-b: 2',3'-d] thiophene (DTT)-based copolymers were designed and synthesized for use as donor materials in polymer solar cells (PSCs). The optical, electrochemical, and photovoltaic properties of the copolymers were investigated. The results indicate that the acceptor units in the copolymers influenced the band gap, electronic energy levels, and photovoltaic properties of the copolymers significantly. The band gaps of the copolymers were in the range 1.85-2.02 eV. Under optimized conditions, the DTT-based polymers showed power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) for the PSCs in the range 0.97-1.19% under AM 1.5 illumination (100 mW/cm(2)). Among the copolymers, P2, which contained a pyrrolo[3,4-f] isoindole-tetraone acceptor unit, showed a power conversion efficiency of 1.19% with a short circuit current of 4.18 mA/cm(2), open circuit voltage of 0.77 V, and a fill factor of 0.37, under AM 1.5 illumination (100 mW/cm(2)).</P>