시스템 생물학과 한의학 연구

엄융의(Yung E Earm) 한의병리학회 2016 동의생리병리학회지 Vol.30 No.6

토끼 동방결절에서 완만내향전류의 Slow Component에 관한 연구

엄융의(Earm, Yung-E),김기환(Kim, Ki-Whan),황상익(Hwang, Sang-Ik) 대한생리학회 1984 대한생리학회지 Vol.18 No.1

The second inward current (i_si) was studied by the two microelectrode voltage clamp technique in the sino-atrial node of the rabbit. The slow component (i_si,2) of the second inward current was sometimes identified and i_si behaved as if it were a mixture of two currents. We analysed the (i_si,2) in relation to membrane potential and frequency of voltage clamp pulses. 1) Membrane was held at -40mV which was usually found to be zero current level. When depolarizing pulses were applied, the slow inward current i_si was activated. 2) It was shown that there are three categories of the i_si activation by the low level of depolarizing clamp pulses. Moderately fast inward current with single component was developed in most cases in the presence of tetrodotoxin(TTX). But sometimes there was two separate components of i_si activation in the peak level and the time course. Thirdly the only slow component of i_si was found in rare cases. 3) The activation of (i_si,2) was dependent upon membrane potential. The i_si shows two separate peaks during clamp depolarizations and higher clamp pulses lead to fusion of the peaks. 4) The i_si,2 activation showed that it decreased with repetitive clamp pulses and it was more evident in higher frequencies(2Hz)(negative staircase).

망간 이온이 개구리 심방근의 막전압 및 수축력에 미치는 영향

嚴隆義,金典,嚴大鎔,金基煥,南基鏞 서울大學校 1977 서울醫大學術誌 Vol.18 No.1

공군장병의 최대산소 섭취능 및 심·폐 지구력에 관한 연구 : Field Running Time in Relation to Maximal Oxygen Intake

엄융의,박경화 공군본부 의무감실 1975 항공의학 Vol.23 No.-

대사성 산증 및 알칼리증에 있어서 SCN 공간의 변화

엄륭의,남기용,Earm, Yung-E,Nam, Kee-Yong 대한생리학회 1971 대한생리학회지 Vol.5 No.2

Thiocyanate space was determined in 23 bilaterally nephrectomized rabbits in acute metabolic acidosis and alkalosis. Acid-base disturbances were induced by the infusion of 0.3 N HCI or 0.3 N NaOH solution intravenously with the rate of 1 ml/min for 40 to 60 minutes. The blood pressure was monitored throughout the experiment and no changes in blood pressure was confirmed. The following results were obtained. 1. In the saline infused control rabbits, PH was 7.385 with negligible change in pH after the infusion, SCN space was 23.6% of body weight. 2. In the metabolic acidosis group, pH dropped from 7.417 to 7 130 and SCN space was 22.8% of body weight and suggested a negligible change in the extracellular space volume. 3. In the metabolic alkalosis group, pH increased from 7.393 to 7.478 and SCN space was 25.7% of body weight which confirmed a significant increase in the extracellular space volume.

개구리 대동맥의 활동전압 및 Pacemaker 전압에 관한 연구

엄융의,성호경,Earm, Yung-E,Sung, Ho-Kyung 대한생리학회 1982 대한생리학회지 Vol.16 No.2

The frog truncus arterious were studied with conventional glass microelectrode technique in order to elucidate the underlying mechanism of spontaneous pacemaker activity. The analyses were focussed on the ionic nature of pacemaker current by changing the concentrations of extracellular $K^+$ and, $Na^+$, or by using blockers of K- and Ca-current and chronotropic transmitters. 1) The action potential of the spontaneously active truncus arteriosus has some characteristic feature of maximal distolic potential ranged from -65 to -75 mV, resting potential from -45 to -50 mV and overshoot voltage about +30 mV, respectively. Duration of the action potential taken from rapid upstroke to maximal diastolic potential was about 600 msec. Usual discharge rate was $25{\sim}30/min$ at room temperature $(18{\sim}20^{\circ}C)$. 2) The sensitivity of the resting membrane potential to change extracellular potassium concentrations $(0{\sim}12\;mM)$ was relatively low. Transient hyperpolarization was appeared in the 12 mM K Ringer after 10 min exposure to 0 mM K and it could be related to Na-pump reactivation by high potassium. 3) Reduction of extracellular sodium concetrations diminished the amplitude and frequency of the action potential. In Ringer solution containing 30% Na (substituted by equimolar Tris), spontaneous activity stopped but reappeared as very slow and small action potential. There was no spotaneous activity in zero Na Ringer solution. 4) Caesium(10 mM), K-current blocker decreased the frequency of the action potential and also pacemaker depolarization. Manganese (2 mM) known to be Ca-current antagonist, blocked spontaneous activity completely. 5) Adrenaline and acetylcholine had no chronotropic effect. But adrenaline increased the duration of plateau phase and the magnitude of the action potential in the follower cell. It is concluded that K-, Na-and Ca-current components are involved in the genesis of spontaneous activity of the frog truncus arteriosus like cardiac pacemaker tissues. But the insensitivity of truncus arteriosus to adrenaline and acetylcholine indicates that there are some different control mechanisms of spontaneous rhythm in two tissues.

Effects of Adrenaline, Acetylcholine, Ca^(++) and K^(+) on the conduction through the SA Node in the Rabbit

Ahn, Cheol-Soo,Earm, Yung-E,Sung, Ho-Kung Seoul National University 1988 The seoul journal of medicine Vol.29 No.3

토끼 심방근에서 Na-Ca 교환 전류에 대한 Bay K, cAMP, Isoprenaline 효과

호원경,엄융의,Ho, Won-Kyung,Earm, Yung-E 대한생리학회 1990 대한생리학회지 Vol.24 No.2

Ca movements during the late plateau phase in rabbit atrium implicate Na-Ca exchange. In single atrial cells isolated from the rabbit the properties of the inward current of Na-Ca exchange were investigated using the whole cell voltage clamp technique. The inward currents were recorded during repolarization following brief 2 ms depolarizing pulse to +40 mV from a holding potential of -70 mV. Followings are the results obtained: 1) When stimulated every 30 sec, the inward currents were activated and reached peak values $6{\sim}12\;ms$ after the beginning of depolarizing pulse. The mean current amplitude was 342 pA/cell. 2) The current decayed spontaneously from the peak activation and the timecourse of the relaxation showed two different phases: fast and slow phase. 3) The recovery of the inward current was tested by paired pulse of various interval. The peak current recovered exponentialy with a time course similar to that of Ca current recovery. 4) Relaxation timecourse was also affected by pulse interval and time constant was reduced almost linearly according to the decrease of pulse interval between 30 sec and 1 sec. 5) The peak inward current was increased by long prepulse stimulation, Bay K, isoprenaline or c-AMP. 6) The relaxation time constant of the inward current was prolonged by Bay K or c-AMP, and shortened by isoprenaline. From the above results, it could be concluded that increase of the calcium current potentiates and prolongs intracellular calcium transients, while shortening of the timecourse by isoprenaline or short interval stimulations might be due to the facilitation of Ca uptake by SR.

급성 일측 수뇨관 폐쇄후 상대신의 $Li^+$처리에 관한 연구

성호경,엄융의,Sung, Ho-Kyung,Earm, Yung-E 대한생리학회 1982 대한생리학회지 Vol.16 No.2

Changes in handling of $Li^+$ by contralateral kidney during acute $Li^+$ loading were investigated immediately after unilateral ureteral obstruction. Carotid artery, jugular vein, renal vein and ureter of experimental animal were catheterized and renal venous flow was shunted to .external jugular vein. In experimental group right ureter was ligated. One to two hours after operation a single shot of LiCl solution (2 mEq/kg) was intravenously injected and then .arterial, renal venous blood and urine samples were taken sequentially for 1 to $1{\frac{1}{2}}$ hours. Urine volume, plasma and urinary concentrations of $Li^+$, $Na^+$ and $K^+$ were measured and urinary excretion of them were calculated. Results obtained were as follows: 1) In experimental group urine volume, urinary excretion of $Na^+$, and $K^+$ by contralateral kidney after unilateral ureteral obstruction were slightly larger than mean value of both kidney in control group. 2) During acute $Li^+$ loading contralateral kidney in experimental group showed limited $K^+$ excretion, but urinary flow and $Na^+$ excretion were comparable to mean value of both kidney in control group. 3) Urinary osmolar concentration in experimental group was much lower than that in control group, and it was maintained at low level even after Li loading. 4) In experimental group plasma$Li^+$ concentration decreased more slowly than in control group after a single shot of LiCl solution. 5) Urinary excretion of $Li^+$ in experimental group was markedly decreased, even lesseer than mean of both kidney in control group. 6) From the above results it was concluded that immediately after unilateral ureteral obstruction contralateral kidney showed normal water and $Na^+$ diuretic response to Li load but urinay $Li^+$ excretion was decreased and reclaimed $Li^+$ to systemic circulation.

임파유통에 영향을 주는 인자에 관한 실험적 연구

김기환,엄융의,Kim, Ki-Whan,Earm, Yung-E 대한생리학회 1975 대한생리학회지 Vol.9 No.1

Various factors influencing the lymph flow from thoracic duct were investigated in an attempt to evaluate their contributing degree and the mechanisms. Sixteen mongrel dogs weighing between 10 and 16 kg were anesthetized and polyethylene catheters were inserted into the thoracic duct and femoral veins. Arterial blood pressure, heart rate, central venous pressure, lymph pressure and lymph flow were measured under various conditions. Electrical stimulation of left sciatic nerve, stepwise increase of central venous pressure, manual application of rhythmical depressions onto abdomen, injection of hypertonic saline solution and histamine infusion were employed. Measurement of cental venous pressure was performed through the recording catheter inserted into abdominal inferior vena cava. Changes in central venous pressure were made by an air-ballooning catheter located higher than the tip of the recording catheter in the inferior vena cava. Lymph flow from thoracic duct was measured directly with a graduated centrifuge tube allowing the lymph to flow freely outward through the inserted cannula. The average side pressure of thoracic lymph was $1.1\;cmH_2O$ and lymph flow was 0.40 ml/min or 1.9 ml/kg-hr. Hemodynamic parameters including lymph flow were measure immediately before and after (or during) applying a condition. Stimulation of left sciatic nerve with a square wave (5/sec, 2 msec, 10V) caused the lymph flow to increase 1.4 times. The pattern of lymph flow from thoracic duct was not continuous throughout the respiratory cycle, but was continuous only during Inspiration. Slow and deep respiration appeared to increase the lymph flow than a rapid and shallow respiration. Relationship between central venous pressure and the lymph flow revealed a relatively direct proportionality; Regression equation was Lymph Flow (ml/kg-hr)=0.09 CVP$(cmH_2O)$+0.55, r=0.67. Manual depressions onto the abdomen in accordance with the respiratory cycle caused the lymph flow to increase most remarkably, e.g,. 5.5 times. The application of manual depressions showed a fluctuation of central venous pressure superimposed on the respiratory fluctuation. Hypertonic saline solution (2% NaCl) administered Intravenously by the amount of 10 m1/kg increased the lymph flow 4.6 times. The injection also increased arterial blood pressure, especially systolic Pressure, and the central venous pressure. Slow intravenous infusion of histamine with a rate of 14-32 ${\mu}g/min$ resulted in a remarkable increase in the lymph flow (4.7 times), in spite of much decrease in the blood pressure and a slight decrease in the central venous pressure.