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김봉옥,박상균,방덕영 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1993 충남의대잡지 Vol.20 No.2
The purposes of this study were to evaluate the status of rehabilitation of spinal cord injured patients and to obtain baseline data for their comprehensive rehabilitation in Taejon and Chungnam area by questionnaire to the spinal cord injured in this area who suffered for 1 year or longer. The study population was consisted of 79 men, and 3 women. The results were as follows. 1. In age distribution, 33 cases(40.2%) were in their fourth decade and 19 cases(23.2%) were in the fifth decade. The causes of the injury were traffic accidents, hit by flying object, falls, and diseases in the order of frequency. 2. Twelve cases(14.6%) were quadriplegics, 70 cases(85.4%) were paraplegics, and 49 cases(59.87%) were job-related injury. 3. Most of the patients experienced various complications such as pain in paralyzed area, spasticity, and urinary tract infections in the order of frequency. 4. Sixty-seven cases(81.7%) were not supported by the goverment's plan to provide orthoses for the disabled with low income. 5. Among architecturaa barriers, the most common limitation to the patients was toilet(51.2%) accessibility. 6. In men responders, 34 cases(75.4%) were unable to pursue sexual intercourse. 7. The most common cause of dependency in ADL was bowel and bladder problem. With the above results, we conclude that 1) establishment of the comprehensive spinal cord injury center, 2) provision of opportunity of the continuous formal education, 3) assistance of productive activities, 4) removal of architectural barriers at home and community, and 5) obligation of registration of the disabled are necessary for the comprehensive rehabilitation of spinal cord injured patients is Taejon and Chungnam region.
Identification of Different Isomers of Reacted Transition Metal Clusters
Young Dok Kim,Gerd Gantefor 한국물리학회 2007 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.51 No.3
When gas molecules adsorb on clusters, dissociative or non-dissociative chemisorption can take place. For some cases, both takes place at the same time, leading to the formation of two different isomers. With conventional methods, it is difficult to identify various isomers. In the present work, a novel method to identify isomers of a reacted cluster is presented. Using atomic and molecular reagents, one can obtain various isomers at different concentrations, and these isomers can be identified using ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy. Several examples for the identification of different isomers will be presented here.gf
Kim, Dae Han,Seo, Hyun Ook,Han, Sang Wook,Park, Eun Ji,Jeong, Myung-Geun,Kim, Kwang-Dae,Gantefoer, Gerd,Kim, Young Dok American Chemical Society 2016 The Journal of Physical Chemistry Part C Vol.120 No.36
<P>The oxidation behaviors of poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT) thin films (similar to 60 nm thickness)/ZnO irradiated with three different wavelengths of visible light (blue, green, and red) in a humid atmosphere were studied using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and UV-vis spectroscopy. The formation of sulfoxide states upon visible light irradiation was observed in the S 2p core-level XPS spectra, and more importantly, this oxidation became pronounced with decreasing wavelength of incident light. Photo-oxidation of P3HT films also resulted in a reduction in optical absorption. In contrast to the XPS results, changes in the UV-vis absorption spectrum were rather insensitive to the wavelength of incident visible light. The wavelength dependency of the photo-oxidation of P3HT films seen in the XPS spectra is attributed to the more pronounced photoinduced oxidation of locally disordered thiophene rings on the surfaces of P3HT films under irradiation with shorter-wavelength visible light. The population of local-disordered sites that increases the optical transition gap compared to that of the well-ordered bulk P3HT film decreases from the top surface to the interior of P3HT films due to stronger interchain interactions in the interior portion of the films. Therefore, changes in the optical absorbance seen in the UV-vis absorption spectra of the entire P3HT film upon photoinduced oxidation are less sensitive to the wavelength of incident light in the visible regime.</P>
Kim, Ho Jong,Han, Sang Wook,Kim, Ju Hwan,Seo, Hyun Ook,Kim, Young Dok Elsevier 2018 CURRENT APPLIED PHYSICS Vol.18 No.4
<P>Water and oil absorption behaviors of the bare and PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane)-coated PET (polyethylene terephthalate) fabrics with two different fiber strand thicknesses were investigated. PET fabrics were superhydrophobically modified by PDMS-coating via a thermal vapor deposition process. The modification greatly enhanced the selectivity of PET fabric to oil absorption from oil/ water mixture, making the PDMS-coated fabric a promising candidate as an absorbent of oil spills. We have also studied oil sorption behaviors of PDMS-coated PET fabric as a function of fiber strand thicknesses and oil viscosities. In general, fabric with a thinner fiber strand thickness showed a higher maximum oil absorption capacity, whereas uptake of the oil in thicker-fiber-absorbent was faster. Based on our results, we suggest that different absorbent structures with various fiber strand thicknesses can be chosen to maximize the efficiency of oil removal, depending on oil viscosity and available oil absorption time. (c) 2018 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.</P>
Kim, Dae Han,Kim, Soong Yeon,Han, Sang Wook,Cho, Youn Kyoung,Jeong, Myung-Geun,Park, Eun Ji,Kim, Young Dok Elsevier 2015 Applied catalysis. A, General Vol.495 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Bare and TiO<SUB>2</SUB>-coated Ni particles were used as catalysts for the CO<SUB>2</SUB> reforming of CH<SUB>4</SUB> (CRM) reaction at 800°C and TiO<SUB>2</SUB> layers with two different thicknesses were prepared by atomic layer deposition (ALD). We focused on the deactivation mechanism of Ni-based catalysts upon long-term operation. All of the catalysts showed a decrease in the catalytic activity as a function of the reaction time for 160h, and the TiO<SUB>2</SUB>-coated Ni showed a less pronounced decrease in the catalytic activity in comparison to that of the bare Ni catalyst. The graphitic carbon layers that have been formed on the Ni particles during the reaction are suggested to be responsible for the deactivation and the additional TiO<SUB>2</SUB> layer facilitated the formation of separate carbon filaments rather than the graphitic layer on the Ni, reducing the possibility of the deposited carbon layers to cover and poison the Ni active sites of catalysts. The fabrication of core-shell structures of metal and oxide by ALD can be a useful approach for the synthesis of heterogeneous catalysts, for which not only high activity, but also enhanced stability at an elevated temperature can be achieved.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> TiO<SUB>2</SUB>-shell/Ni-core catalysts were fabricated by atomic layer deposition (ALD) method. </LI> <LI> TiO<SUB>2</SUB> layers on Ni enhanced the stability and selectivity for CRM at 800°C. </LI> <LI> TiO<SUB>2</SUB>-shell/Ni-core showed the formation of separated carbon filaments during CRM. </LI> <LI> Formation of separate C filament left Ni-rich areas, resulting in long-term activity. </LI> <LI> Homogeneous C layer on bare Ni showed a more pronounced decrease in CRM reactivity. </LI> </UL> </P>
Kim, Kwang-Dae,Lim, Dong Chan,Hu, Jinhee,Kwon, Jung-Dae,Jeong, Myung-Geun,Seo, Hyun Ook,Lee, Joo Yul,Jang, Ka-Young,Lim, Jae-Hong,Lee, Kyu Hwan,Jeong, Yongsoo,Kim, Young Dok,Cho, Shinuk American Chemical Society 2013 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.5 No.17
<P>A ripple-structured ZnO film as the electron-collecting layer (ECL) of an inverted organic photovoltaic (OPV) was modified by atomic layer deposition (ALD) to add a ZnO thin layer. Depositing a thin ZnO layer by ALD on wet-chemically prepared ZnO significantly increased the short-circuit current (<I>J</I><SUB>sc</SUB>) of the OPV. The highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 7.96% with <I>J</I><SUB>sc</SUB> of 17.9 mA/cm<SUP>2</SUP> was observed in the inverted OPV with a 2-nm-thick ALD-ZnO layer, which quenched electron–hole recombination at surface defects of ZnO ripples. Moreover, an ALD-ZnO layer thinner than 2 nm made the distribution of electrical conductivity on the ZnO surface more uniform, enhancing OPV performance. In contrast, a thicker ALD-ZnO layer (5 nm) made the two-dimensional distribution of electrical conductivity on the ZnO surface more heterogeneous, reducing the PCE. In addition, depositing an ALD-ZnO thin layer enhanced OPV stability and initial performance. We suggest that the ALD-ZnO layer thickness should be precisely controlled to fabricate high-performing OPVs.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/aamick/2013/aamick.2013.5.issue-17/am402403x/production/images/medium/am-2013-02403x_0009.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/am402403x'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>