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        Effects of Loading Rates on the Hysteretic Response of Resilient Variable Friction Dampers

        Yongwei Wang,Zhen Zhou,Linjie Huang 한국강구조학회 2021 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.21 No.5

        A novel resilient variable friction damper (RVFD) with a simple construction was proposed. To analyze the eff ects of loading rate on the stability and energy dissipation performance of the RVFD, two RVFDs were tested under diff erent loading rates and the hysteretic behaviors of the compared with that of the traditional constant friction dampers. Then the peak force, energy dissipation behavior, uneven gap opening of the grooved outer plates (GOPs), and performance of the disc springs under diff erent loading rates were studied. The results show that although no self-centering system was provided, only the RVFDs without a self-centering system still can exhibit stable self-centering performance and eff ective energy dissipation behaviors, especially with due to the using e of athe grooved steel plates with greater groove angle. When the loading rate is less than 10 mm/s, the peak forces of the RVFD slightly decrease with the increase in loading rates, while when the loading rate is greater than 10 mm/s, its eff ects could be neglected. The uneven gap opening of the GOPs infl uences the clamping forces of the disc springs in the bolts under diff erent loading amplitudes. The disc springs in the RVFDs not only provide the increasing clamping forces for energy dissipation and the restoring forces for self-centering behavior, but also dissipate the energy, which accounts for about 10% of the total energy dissipation of the RVFD.

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        Anatomical Adaptations of the Xerophilous Medicinal Plant, Capparis spinosa, to Drought Conditions

        Lu Gan,Chunyu Zhang,Yongtai Yin,Zhiwei Lin,Yongwei Huang,Jun Xiang,Chunhua Fu,Maoteng Li 한국원예학회 2013 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.54 No.2

        Capparis spinosa is a plant that grows in dry and arid environments. As far as can be ascertained, no comprehensive studies on how the leaf, stem and root structures adapt to drought conditions have been published to date. In this paper, a study into the anatomical adaptations of the leaf, stem and root of C. spinosa to drought environments was conducted using in vitro cultured seedlings as control. The results showed that C. spinosa could change its leaf, stem, and root structures when adapting to drought conditions. The plant growing under drought conditions possessed an enlarged transit region between the stem and root where the xylem and fibro-vascular system had increased in order to enhance water absorption and storage capacity. The leaf, stem and root of C. spinosa under drought conditions were better developed than those under normal in vitro culture conditions. The leaf possessed uniform mesophyll cells and three or four layers of palisade mesophyll cells on both sides of the mature leaves. The stomata were evenly distributed across both sides of the leaf, and they remained open continually during the day throughout the summer growing period, especially those on the lower leaf surface. The xylem in the stem was extremely well developed with wide vessels and much thicker cortical layers. All these characteristics can enhance the adaptability of C. spinosa and enable it to survive in extremely dry and arid areas.

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