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- 저자 : Yoden, Y. (검색결과 4 건)
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( Takashi Ishige ),( Takeshi Tomomasa ),( Hitoshi Tajiri ),( Atsushi Yoden ) 대한장연구학회 2017 Intestinal Research Vol.15 No.3
Background/Aims: Enteral nutrition (EN) is recommended for the treatment of pediatric Crohn`s disease (CD) in Japan. However, the indications and treatment protocols for EN vary among hospitals. In the present study, we aimed to determine how EN was administered to pediatric patients and whether physicians followed treatment guidelines in their practices. Methods: Two types of questionnaires were administered to 32 physicians who were involved in the treatment of pediatric CD. The consensus questionnaire evaluated the physicians` attitudes towards EN, whereas the efficacy questionnaire collected data on patients with CD, aged <17 years, who had undergone induction therapy between 2006 and 2011. Results: A total of 23 physicians responded to the questionnaires. The results of the consensus questionnaire indicated that 82% and 59% of study participants recommended EN treatment for all newly diagnosed pediatric patients with CD and all relapsed patients, respectively. Exclusive EN (EEN) and elemental formula were recommended by 84% and 85% of physicians, respectively. The efficacy questionnaire revealed that 57 of the 58 patients received EN. Elemental formula was used in 39 of 40 patients who were treated with EEN. Of these 40 patients, 27 were treated with EEN alone; of these, 22 (81%) achieved remission without any other treatment. The mean duration of EEN was 15.9 days. Conclusions: EN is widely recommended by physicians treating pediatric CD in Japan. In contrast to Western countries, clinicians used elemental formula more often and with a shorter EEN treatment duration. (Intest Res 2017;15:345-351)
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The Influence of the Quasi-biennial Oscillation on the Madden-Julian Oscillation: A Short Review
Zane Martin,Seok-Woo Son,Amy Butler,Harry Hendon,Hyemi Kim,Adam Sobel,Shigeo Yoden,Chidong Zhang 한국기상학회 2021 한국기상학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.10
The stratospheric quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) and the tropospheric Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO) are strongly linked in boreal winter. In this Review, we synthesize observational and modelling evidence for this QBO-MJO connection and discuss its effects on MJO teleconnections and subseasonal-to-seasonal predictions. After 1980, observations indicate that, during winters when lower-stratospheric QBO winds are easterly, the MJO is ∼40% stronger and persists roughly 10 days longer compared with when QBO winds are westerly. Global subseasonal forecast models, in turn, show a one-week improvement (or 25% enhancement) in MJO prediction skill in QBO easterly versus QBO westerly phases. Despite the robustness of the observed QBO-MJO link and its global impacts via atmospheric teleconnections, the mechanisms that drive the connection are uncertain. Theories largely centre on QBO-related temperature stratification effects and subsequent impacts on deep convection, though other hypotheses propose that cloud radiative effects or QBO impacts on wave propagation might be important. Most numerical models, however, are unable to reproduce the observed QBO-MJO relationship, suggesting biases, deficiencies or omission of key physical processes in the models. While future work must strive to better understand all aspects of the QBO-MJO link, focus is needed on establishing a working mechanism and capturing the connection in models.
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Tacrolimus for ulcerative colitis in children: a multicenter survey in Japan
( Tadahiro Yanagi ),( Kosuke Ushijima ),( Hidenobu Koga ),( Takeshi Tomomasa ),( Hitoshi Tajiri ),( Reiko Kunisaki ),( Takashi Isihige ),( Hiroyuki Yamada ),( Katsuhiro Arai ),( Atsushi Yoden ),( Tomo 대한장연구학회 2019 Intestinal Research Vol.17 No.4
Background/Aims: Tacrolimus is effective for refractory ulcerative colitis in adults, while data for children is sparse. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of tacrolimus for induction and maintenance therapy in Japanese children with ulcer ative colitis. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the multicenter survey data of 67 patients with ulcerative colitis aged <17 years treated with tacrolimus between 2000 and 2012. Patients’ characteristics, disease activity, Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis Ac tivity Index (PUCAI) score, initial oral tacrolimus dose, short-term (2-week) and long-term (1-year) outcomes, steroid-sparing effects, and adverse events were evaluated. Clinical remission was defined as a PUCAI score <10; treatment response was de fined as a PUCAI score reduction of ≥20 points compared with baseline. Results: Patients included 35 boys and 32 girls (me dian [interquartile range] at admission: 13 [11-15] years). Thirty-nine patients were steroid-dependent and 26 were steroid-refractory; 20 had severe colitis and 43 had moderate colitis. The initial tacrolimus dose was 0.09 mg/kg/day (range, 0.05-0.12 mg/kg/day). The short-term clinical remission rate was 47.8%, and the clinical response rate was 37.3%. The mean prednisolone dose was reduced from 19.2 mg/day at tacrolimus initiation to 5.7 mg/day at week 8 (P<0.001). The adverse event rate was 53.7%; 6 patients required discontinuation of tacrolimus therapy. Conclusions: Tacrolimus was a safe and effective second-line induction therapy for steroid-dependent and steroid-refractory ulcerative colitis in Japanese children. (Intest Res 2019;17:476-485)
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