Early-life exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals associates with childhood obesity

Chunxue Yang,Hin Kiu Lee,Alice Pik Shan Kong,Lee Ling Lim,Zongwel Cai,Arthur C.K. Chung 대한소아내분비학회 2018 Annals of Pediatirc Endocrinology & Metabolism Vol.23 No.4

Increasing prevalence of childhood obesity poses threats to the global health burden. Because this rising prevalence cannot be fully explained by traditional risk factors such as unhealthy diet and physical inactivity, early-life exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) is recognized as emerging novel risk factors for childhood obesity. EDCs can disrupt the hormone-mediated metabolic pathways, affect children’s growth and mediate the development of childhood obesity. Many organic pollutants are recently classified to be EDCs. In this review, we summarized the epidemiological and laboratory evidence related to EDCs and childhood obesity, and discussed the possible mechanisms underpinning childhood obesity and early-life exposure to non-persistent organic pollutants (phthalates, bisphenol A, triclosan) and persistent organic pollutants (dichlorodip henyltrichloroethane, polychlorinated biphenyls, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances). Understanding the relationship between EDCs and childhood obesity helps to raise public awareness and formulate public health policy to protect the youth from exposure to the harmful effects of EDCs.

Anomaly detection with vision-based deep learning for epidemic prevention and control

Samani Hooman,Yang Chan-Yun,Li Chunxu,Chung Chia-Ling,Li Shaoxiang 한국CDE학회 2022 Journal of computational design and engineering Vol.9 No.1

During the COVID-19 pandemic, people were advised to keep a social distance from others. People’s behaviors will also be noticed, such as lying down because of illness, regarded as abnormal conditions. This paper proposes a visual anomaly analysis system based on deep learning to identify individuals with various anomaly types. In the study, two types of anomaly detections are concerned. The first is monitoring the anomaly in the case of falling in an open public area. The second is measuring the social distance of people in the area to warn the individuals under a short distance. By implementing a deep model named You Only Look Once, the related anomaly can be identified accurately in a wide range of open spaces. Experimental results show that the detection accuracy of the proposed method is 91%. In the social distance, the actual social distance is calculated by calculating the plane distance to ensure that everyone can meet the specification. Integrating the two functions and implementing the environmental monitoring system will make it easier to monitor and manage the disease-related abnormalities on the site.

Pakistani Media on Xinjiang: Development and Opportunities

Maoxia Jiang,Chunxue Yang,Heng Wu 아시아사회과학학회 2023 Jornal of Asia Social Science Vol.10 No.3

With the acceleration of globalization, the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region has increasingly garnered substantial attention from the international community in recent years due to its strategic location and multiculturalism. Foreign media have been actively disseminating reports in various areas in Xinjiang, such as politics, society and economy. Among which Western media reports are often inconsistent with the actual situation. But Pakistani media often exhibit their capacity for independent thought and objective analysis. They neither blindly adhere to the viewpoints of other nations nor allow themselves to be prejudiced by the cordial China-Pakistani relations. While Pakistani media endeavor to maintain a neutral stance, aspiring to explore these subjects concerning Xinjiang in a more balanced and rational manner that transcends simplistic expressions of support or opposition. There are reasons to believe that Pakistani media bring to the international community authentic, colorful, and fascinating coverage of Xinjiang, which not only enhance people's understanding of Xinjiang but also help to build a bridge of cultural communication and to promote exchanges and cooperation between Xinjiang and the world. It is believed that there will be more and more media and countries to gain a deeper understanding of Xinjiang and engage in more extensive exchanges and cooperation with the region in the future to promote harmony, development, and prosperity here.

Maternal nutrition altered embryonic MYOD1, MYF5, and MYF6 gene expression in genetically fat and lean lines of chickens

Li Feng,Yang Chunxu,Xie Yingjie,Gao Xiang,Zhang Yuanyuan,Ning Hangyi,Liu Guangtao,Chen Zhihui,Shan Anshan 아세아·태평양축산학회 2022 Animal Bioscience Vol.35 No.8

Objective: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of daily feed intake during the laying period on embryonic myogenic differentiation 1 (MYOD1), myogenic factor 5 (MYF5), and myogenic factor 6 (MYF6) gene expression in genetically fat and lean lines of chickens. Methods: An experiment in a 2×2 factorial design was conducted with two dietary intake levels (100% and 75% of nutrition recommendation) and two broiler chicken lines (fat and lean). Two lines of hens (n = 384 for each line) at 23th week of age were randomly divided into 4 treatments with 12 replicates of 16 birds. The experiment started at 27th week of age (5% egg rate) and ended at 54th week of age. Hatched eggs from the medium laying period were collected. Real time polymerase chain reaction analysis was used to analyse the MYOD1, MYF5, and MYF6 mRNA levels of E7, E9, E11, E13, and E15 body tissues and E17, E19, and E21 chest and thigh muscle samples. Results: The results indicated that there were significant effects of line, dietary intake, and interactions between them on MYOD1, MYF5, and MYF6 gene mRNA expression levels in embryonic tissues. Low daily feed intake did not change the expression trend of MYOD1 mRNA in either line, but changed the peak values, especially in lean line. Low daily feed intake altered the trend in MYF5 mRNA expression level in both lines and apparently delayed its onset. There was no apparent effect of low daily feed intake on the trends of MYF6 mRNA expression levels in either line, but it significantly changed the values on many embryonic days. Conclusion: Maternal nutrient restriction affects myogenesis and is manifested in the expression of embryonic MYOD1, MYF5, and MYF6 genes. Long term selection for fat deposition in broiler chickens changes the pattern and intensity of myogenesis. Objective: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of daily feed intake during the laying period on embryonic myogenic differentiation 1 (<i>MYOD1</i>), myogenic factor 5 (<i>MYF5</i>), and myogenic factor 6 (<i>MYF6</i>) gene expression in genetically fat and lean lines of chickens.Methods: An experiment in a 2×2 factorial design was conducted with two dietary intake levels (100% and 75% of nutrition recommendation) and two broiler chicken lines (fat and lean). Two lines of hens (n = 384 for each line) at 23th week of age were randomly divided into 4 treatments with 12 replicates of 16 birds. The experiment started at 27th week of age (5% egg rate) and ended at 54th week of age. Hatched eggs from the medium laying period were collected. Real time polymerase chain reaction analysis was used to analyse the <i>MYOD1</i>, <i>MYF5</i>, and <i>MYF6</i> mRNA levels of E7, E9, E11, E13, and E15 body tissues and E17, E19, and E21 chest and thigh muscle samples.Results: The results indicated that there were significant effects of line, dietary intake, and interactions between them on <i>MYOD1</i>, <i>MYF5</i>, and <i>MYF6</i> gene mRNA expression levels in embryonic tissues. Low daily feed intake did not change the expression trend of <i>MYOD1</i> mRNA in either line, but changed the peak values, especially in lean line. Low daily feed intake altered the trend in <i>MYF5</i> mRNA expression level in both lines and apparently delayed its onset. There was no apparent effect of low daily feed intake on the trends of <i>MYF6</i> mRNA expression levels in either line, but it significantly changed the values on many embryonic days.Conclusion: Maternal nutrient restriction affects myogenesis and is manifested in the expression of embryonic <i>MYOD1</i>, <i>MYF5</i>, and <i>MYF6</i> genes. Long term selection for fat deposition in broiler chickens changes the pattern and intensity of myogenesis.