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Hwang, Joo-Won,Shin, Gil-Cho,Moon, Il-Su The Society of Korean Medicine 2014 대한한의학회지 Vol.35 No.4
Objectives: cDNA microarray is an effective method to snapshot gene expression. Functional clustering of gene expressions can identify herbal medicine mechanisms. Much microarray data is available for various herbal medicines. This study compares regulated genes with herbal medicines to evaluate the nature of the drugs. Methods: Published microarray data were collected. Total RNAs were prepared from dissociated hippocampal dissociate cultures which were given hypoxic shock in the presence of each herbal medicine. Up- or downregulated genes higher than Global M value 0.5 were selected, clustered in functional groups, and compared with various herbal treatments. Results: 1. Akt2 was upregulated by Acorus gramineus SOLAND, Arisaema amurense var. serratum $N_{AKAI}$ and Coptis chinensis $F_{RANCH}$, and they belong to Araceae herb. 2. Nf-${\kappa}b1$, Cd5, $Gn{\gamma}7$ and Sgne1 were upregulated by Arisaema amurense var. serratum $N_{AKAI}$, Coptis chinensis $F_{RANCH}$ and Rheum coreanum $N_{AKAI}$. 3. Woohwangcheongsim-won, Sohaphyang-won and Scutellaria baicalensis $G_{EORGI}$ downregulated Scp2 and upregulated Tsc2. Woohwangcheongsim-won and Sohaphyang-won upregulated Hba1 and downregulated Myf6. 4. Sohaphyang-won and Scutellaria baicalensis $G_{EORGI}$ downregulated Slc12a1. 5. Woohwangcheongsim-won and Arisaema amurense var. serratum $N_{AKAI}$ upregulated $Rar{\alpha}$, Woohwangcheongsim-won and Coptis chinensis $F_{RANCH}$ downregulated Rab5a and $Pdgfr{\alpha}$, and Woohwangcheongsim-won and Rheum coreanum $N_{AKAI}$ upregulated $Plc{\gamma}1$ and downregulated Pla2g1b and Slc10a1. Conclusions: By clustering microarray, genes are commonly identified to be either up- or downregulated. These results will provide new information to understand the efficacy of herbal medicines and to classify them at the molecular level.
Joo Seong-Soo,Won Tae-Joon,Kim Min-Jung,Hwang Kwang-Woo,Lee Do-Ik The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 2006 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.29 No.5
Biphenyl dimethyl dicarboxylate (DDB) is a hepatoprotectant, which is used as an adjuvant agent in a treatment for chronic hepatitis. Amantadine is an antiviral agent, which is utilized primarily in the treatment of influenza, but also, occasionally in the treatment of hepatitis C. In a previous study, we reported that DDB, coupled with amantadine, would exert an anti-HBV effect, via the induction of interferon-inducible gene expression in the HepG2 2.2.15 cell line. The primary objective of the present study was to determine whether or not DDB and/or amantadine exhibit anti-HBV properties, and what mechanisms of action might be involved in such properties. In our study, we were able to determine that DDB stimulates Jak/Stat signaling, and induces the expression of interferon alpha $(IFN-\alpha)$ stimulated genes, most notably 6-16 and ISG12. In addition, the antiviral effectors induced by $IFN-\alpha$, PKR, OAS, and MxA, were regulated in the presence of DDB at its optimal concentration $(250{\mu}g/mL)$, to a degree commensurate with the degree of induction associated with the $IFN-\alpha$ treated group. Finally, we determined that the replication of pregenomic RNA and HBeAg was inhibited by DDB treatment, and this inhibition was maximized when coupled with the administration of amantadine $(25{\mu}g/mL)$. In conclusion, the results of this study demonstrated clearly that DDB, as well as the combination of DDB/amantadine, directly inhibited $IFN-\alpha$ signaling-mediated replication of HBV in infected hepatocytes, and thus may represent a novel treatment for chronic hepatitis B, which would be characterized principally by its improved safety over other treatment strategies.
( Joo An Hwang ),( Kee Bum Kim ),( Min Jae Yang ),( Sun Gyo Lim ),( Jae Chul Hwang ),( Jae Youn Cheong ),( Sung Won Cho ),( Soon Sun Kim ) 대한간학회 2015 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.21 No.2
Background/Aims: To determine the effi cacies of entecavir (ETV) in nucleos(t)ide analogue (NA)-naive chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients and in those with prior lamivudine (LAM) use who did not develop resistance. Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 337 patients with CHB who were treated with ETV (0.5 mg daily) for at least 30 months. The study included 270 (80.1%) NA-naive patients and 67 (19.9%) LAM-use patients. Ten of the LAM-use patients were refractory to LAM therapy without developing resistance. Results: Genotypic resistance to ETV developed more frequently in the LAM-use group (13.1%) than in the NA-naive group (2.6%) at 60 months ( P=0.009). In subgroup analysis, after excluding the 10 patients who were refractory to LAM therapy, the cumulative probability of ETV resistance did not differ significantly between the two groups ( P=0.149). Prior LAM refractoriness and a higher hepatitis B virus DNA level at month 12 were independent predictive factors for the development of ETV resistance. Conclusions: ETV resistance developed more frequently in LAM-use patients with CHB. However, prior LAM use without refractoriness did not affect the development of ETV resistance. The serum hepatitis B virus DNA level at month 12 was a major predictor for the development of ETV resistance. (Clin Mol Hepatol 2015;21:131-140)
( Joo Han Park ),( Hyo Jung Lee ),( Sei Rhan Kim ),( Ga Won Song ),( Seung Kyong Lee ),( Sun Young Park ),( Ki Chan Kim ),( Sun Hyuk Hwang ),( Joon Seong Park ) 대한내과학회 2014 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.29 No.5
Background/Aims: The treatment for steroid-refractory acute graft versus host disease(GVHD) after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) needs to be standardized. We report our clinical experience with etanercept for steroid-refractoryacute GVHD. Methods: Eighteen patients who underwent allo-SCT and presented with steroid-refractory acute GVHD at Ajou University Hospital were studied retrospectively. They were given 25 mg of etanercept subcutaneously twice weekly for 4weeks. The clinical responses were evaluated with regard to the severity of acuteGVHD. Results: The median patient age was 43.5 years. Using nonparametric tests, etanercepthad a down-grading effect on acute GVHD (p = 0.005), although no patient experiencedcomplete remission. Partial responses were seen in 80%, 17%, and 57% ofgrade II to IV patients, respectively. Skin and gut GVHD were well controlled withetanercept, whereas hepatic GVHD was not. Four patients died of fatal infections. No factors affecting the clinical outcome of etanercept were identified. Conclusions: Etanercept has a modest effect on steroid-refractory acute GVHD afterallo-SCT, with tolerable side effects.
Development of Prediction Equation of Diffusing Capacity of Lung for Koreans
Hwang, Yong Il,Park, Yong Bum,Yoon, Hyoung Kyu,Lim, Seong Yong,Kim, Tae-Hyung,Park, Joo Hun,Lee, Won-Yeon,Park, Seong Ju,Lee, Sei Won,Kim, Woo Jin,Kim, Ki Uk,Shin, Kyeong Cheol,Kim, Do Jin,Kim, Hui Ju The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory 2018 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.81 No.1
Background: The diffusing capacity of the lung is influenced by multiple factors such as age, sex, height, weight, ethnicity and smoking status. Although a prediction equation for the diffusing capacity of Korea was proposed in the mid-1980s, this equation is not used currently. The aim of this study was to develop a new prediction equation for the diffusing capacity for Koreans. Methods: Using the data of the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a total of 140 nonsmokers with normal chest X-rays were enrolled in this study. Results: Using linear regression analysis, a new predicting equation for diffusing capacity was developed. For men, the following new equations were developed: carbon monoxide diffusing capacity (DLco)=-10.4433-0.1434${\times}$age (year)+0.2482${\times}$heights (cm); DLco/alveolar volume (VA)=6.01507-0.02374${\times}$age (year)-0.00233${\times}$heights (cm). For women the prediction equations were described as followed: DLco=-12.8895-0.0532${\times}$age (year)+0.2145${\times}$heights (cm) and DLco/VA=7.69516-0.02219${\times}$age (year)-0.01377${\times}$heights (cm). All equations were internally validated by k-fold cross validation method. Conclusion: In this study, we developed new prediction equations for the diffusing capacity of the lungs of Koreans. A further study is needed to validate the new predicting equation for diffusing capacity.