http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
- 中文 을 입력하시려면 zhongwen을 입력하시고 space를누르시면됩니다.
- 北京 을 입력하시려면 beijing을 입력하시고 space를 누르시면 됩니다.
RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : Upali (검색결과 18 건)
- 무료
- 기관 내 무료
- 유료
-
Impact of urbanization on user expectations related to public transport accessibility
Upali Vandebona,Hiroshi Tsukaguchi 서울시립대학교 도시과학연구원 2013 도시과학국제저널 Vol.17 No.2
An analysis of experience and expectations of urban residents towards accessibility to public transport systems from a number of cities at varying levels of urbanization is presented. A framework suitable to investigate differences of walking time to public transport facilities was initially established. It is then demonstrated that there is a relationship between the level of service of accessibility to public transport systems in a given urban area and expectations of its residents. Access to bus stops as well as railway stations has been considered. The paper provides a framework for planners to identify the perceived value of improvements to accessibility by accounting for the difference between the improvement of a physical measure of accessibility and the increased level of expectation of the subject community. The analysis has shown that it is important to keep the walking time for access to public transport systems below a specific value to ensure that the level of service associated with accessibility is within community expectations.
-
Aluminum Toxicity and Tolerance Mechanism in Cereals and Legumes - A Review
Arunakumara, Kodithuwakku Kankanange Indika Upali,Walpola, Buddhi Charana,Yoon, Min-Ho 한국응용생명화학회 2013 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.56 No.1
Aluminum (Al), the third most abundant element overall, after silicon and oxygen, is found virtually in all food, air, soil and water. Under acidic conditions, Al is solubilized into $[Al(H_2O)_6]^{3+}$, which is highly toxic to many plant species. Present paper reviewed Al toxicity and tolerance mechanism in agricultural plants with special reference to cereals and legumes. Even at micromolar concentrations, cell division in the root tip meristem in sensitive plants is quickly inhibited by $Al^{3+}$. Expressing the species-dependent manner of response, growth enhancement at low concentrations of $Al^{3+}$ is also reported from some plants such as soybean. Plasma membrane can be identified as the primary target of Al toxicity, where production of higher reactive oxygen species and higher fatty acid peroxidation has been observed due to alteration of plasma membrane integrity. Though, toxicity and the mechanisms attributed to Al-resistance are extremely complex phenomena, exclusion is widely accepted as the key mechanism involved in detoxifying $Al^{3+}$. Exudation of chelating ligands, formation of pH barrier at the rhizosphere or at root apoplasm, cell wall immobilization, selective permeability of the plasma membrane, and Al efflux have been proposed as the possible mechanisms for Al exclusion. Al-induced exudation in cereals and legumes is dominated by citrate, malate, and oxalate in varying degrees depending on the species and/or cultivar. Apart from sensitive cultivars, moderately tolerant or tolerant cultivars can also be distinguished from various kinds of cereals and legumes. However, reliable techniques for screening such resistant genotypes have not been developed for any economically important crops.
-
Arunakumara, Kodithuwakku Kankanange Indika Upali,Walpola, Buddhi Charana,Subasinghe, Siripala,Yoon, Min-Ho The Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistr 2011 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.54 No.4
Pterocarpus santalinus Linn.f., commonly known as Red sanders, belongs to the family Fabaceae. It is endemic to India and considered globally endangered, with illegal harvest being a key threat. The plant is renowned for its characteristic timber of exquisite color, beauty, and superlative technical qualities. The red wood yields a natural dye santalin, which is used in coloring pharmaceutical preparations and foodstuffs. In the traditional system of medicine, the decoction prepared from the heartwood is attributed various medicinal properties. It has been used in inducing vomiting and treating eye diseases, mental aberrations, and ulcers. The heartwood of Red sanders is known to have antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, anthelmintic, tonic, hemorrhage, dysentery, aphrodisiac, and diaphoretic activities. It has also been used as a cooling agent. Ethanol extract of stem bark was reported to possess anti-hyperglycaemic activity. The wood in combination with other drugs is also prescribed for snake bites and scorpion stings. Phytochemical investigations of aqueous and ethanol extracts of stem bark revealed the presence of alkaloids, phenols, saponins, glycosides, flavonoides, triterpenoides, sterols, and tannins. The heart wood contains isoflavone glucosides and two anti-tumour lignans, viz., savinin and calocedrin. However, the species has remained unexplored for many pharmacological activities claimed. The present paper reviewed botany, uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacology of P. santalinus.
-
( Kodithuwakku Kankanange Indika Upali Arunakumara ),( Buddhi Charana Walpola ),( Siripala Subasinghe ),( Min Ho Yoon ) 한국응용생명화학회(구 한국농화학회) 2011 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.54 No.4
Pterocarpus santalinus Linn.f., commonly known as Red sanders, belongs to the family Fabaceae. It is endemic to India and considered globally endangered, with illegal harvest being a key threat. The plant is renowned for its characteristic timber of exquisite color, beauty, and superlative technical qualities. The red wood yields a natural dye santalin, which is used in coloring pharmaceutical preparations and foodstuffs. In the traditional system of medicine, the decoction prepared from the heartwood is attributed various medicinal properties. It has been used in inducing vomiting and treating eye diseases, mental aberrations, and ulcers. The heartwood of Red sanders is known to have antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, anthelmintic, tonic, hemorrhage, dysentery, aphrodisiac, and diaphoretic activities. It has also been used as a cooling agent. Ethanol extract of stem bark was reported to possess anti-hyperglycaemic activity. The wood in combination with other drugs is also prescribed for snake bites and scorpion stings. Phytochemical investigations of aqueous and ethanol extracts of stem bark revealed the presence of alkaloids, phenols, saponins, glycosides, flavonoides, triterpenoides, sterols, and tannins. The heart wood contains isoflavone glucosides and two anti-tumour lignans, viz., savinin and calocedrin. However, the species has remained unexplored for many pharmacological activities claimed. The present paper reviewed botany, uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacology of P. santalinus.
-
-
Manjari Bhagya Jayathilake,Withanage Upali Chandrasekara 국립중앙과학관 2015 Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Vol.8 No.1
We assessed variation in avifaunal diversity at some selected habitats around the Negombo estuary in Sri Lanka in relation to land-use modifications. During the study period, we observed 48 bird species of which 47 species are residents to Sri Lanka. The avian species richness, evenness, and heterogeneity were found to be the highest at undisturbed habitats. Further, these diversity measures were negatively correlated with the intensity of anthropogenic land-use activities. Total abundance of birds increased at highly disturbed habitats due to the presence of the house crow, as it is the most abundant of all birds observed at these habitats. This study highlights the need for habitat management around estuaries, giving due consideration to existing ecological theories to conserve avifaunal diversity. It also highlights the negative impacts of the house crow on diversity of other resident avian fauna in these habitats.
-
-
Chong, Vui Heng,Telisinghe, Pemsari Upali,LIM, Edwin,Abdullah, Muhammad Syafiq,Idris, Fidah,Chong, Chee Fui Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.16
Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is linked to Epstein Barr virus infection and is particularly common in the Far East, particularly among some Chinese groups. Certain ethnicities have been reported to have low incidence of NPC. This study looked at NPC in Brunei Darussalam over a three decade period. Materials and Methods: The cancer registry from 1986 to 2014 maintained by the State Laboratory was retrospectively reviewed. The age standardized rates (ASR) and the age specific incidence rates (ASIR) were calculated. Non NPC tumors were excluded from the study. Results: Altogether, there were a total of 450 NPC cases diagnosed accounting for 4.4% of all total cancer cases over the study period, declining from 10.3% in 1986-1990 to 2.3% in 2011-2014. The most common tumor type was the undifferentiated carcinoma (96.4%). The case characteristics were mean age $50.4{\pm}14.4$ years old, male 69%, and predominately Malays 74.4%, followed by Chinese 16.7%. The mean age of diagnosis increased over the study period from $45.6{\pm}17.1$ years (1986-1989) to $54.1{\pm}12.5$ years (ANOVA, p<0.01 for trend). There were no differences in the mean age of diagnosis between the ethnic groups or genders. The ASR showed a declining trend from 11.1 per 100,000 in 1986-1990 to 5.95 per 100,000 in 2011-2014, similar trends been observedfor both genders. Among the age groups, declining trends were seen in all the other age groups apart from the >70 years group. The overall ASRs for the Malays and Chinese were 7.92/100,000 and 8.83/100,000 respectively, both showing declining trends. Conclusions: The incidence of NPC in Brunei Darussalam is comparable to rates reported from Singapore and Malaysia, but higher than rates reported from the other Southeast Asian nations. Unlike higher rates reported for Chinese compared to the Malays in other countries, the rates between the Malays and Chinese in our study was comparable. Importantly, the ASR is declining overall and for both genders and ethnic groups.
-
Chong, Vui Heng,Telisinghe, Pemasari Upali,Chong, Chee Fui Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.9
Background: Carcinoma of the esophagus is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The most common subtype is squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). In the past three decades, the incidence of SCC has been reported to be decreasing whereas esophageal adenocarcinoma (AC) is increasing. This study assessed the trend of esophageal cancer in Brunei Darussalam over a three decades period. Materials and Methods: The National Cancer registry was searched for esophageal cancers from 1986 to 2012. Data on age, gender, racial groups (Malays, Chinese, Indigenous and foreign nationals) and histology type were collected. The rate (ASR) and Age Specific Incidence rate (ASIR) were calculated. Results: The predominant tumor type was SCC which accounted for 89% of all esophageal cancer. The gender ratio was 2.25: 1 (male: female) and the mean age at diagnosis was $66.9{\pm}12.9$ years, significantly younger for esophageal AC ($57.2{\pm}16.0$) compared to SCC ($68.1{\pm}12.0$, p<0.05), and among the foreign nationals (p<0.05 for trend). The proportions of SCC among all esophageal cancers in the various racial groups were: Malays (87.8%), Chinese (100%), Indigenous (100%) and foreign nationals (20%). None of the Chinese and Indigenous groups were diagnosed with esophageal AC. The overall ASR for esophageal cancer was 2.1/100,000; 2.0/100,000 for SCC with a declining trend and 0.17/100,000 for esophageal AC, without any trend observed. Among the two major racial groups; the Chinese has higher ASR (3.42/100,000) compared to the Malays (ASR 0.95/100,000). Conclusions: SCC is the predominant tumor type of esophageal cancer in Brunei Darussalam and more common among the Chinese. There was a declining trend in the incidence of SCC but not for esophageal AC.
-
Koh, Kai Shing,Telisinghe, Pemasari Upali,Bickle, Ian,Abdullah, Muhammad Syafiq,Chong, Chee Fui,Chong, Vui Heng Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.8
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common gastrointestinal cancer and the incidence is increasing. CRC is more common with increasing age, but a proportion occurs in young adults, termed young CRC. This study assessed the incidence and the demographic of young CRC in Brunei Darussalam. Materials and Methods: All histologically proven CRC between 1986 and 2014 registered with the Department of Pathology cancer registry were reviewed and data extracted for analyses. Young CRC was defined as cancer in patients aged less than 45 years. The various population groups were categorized into locals (Malays, Chinese and Indigenous) and expatriates. Results: Over the study period, there were 1,126 histologically proven CRC (mean age $59.1{\pm}14.7$ years, Male 58.0%, Locals 91.8% and 8.2% expatriates). Young CRC accounted for 15.1% with the proportion declining over the years, from 29% (1986-1990) to 13.2% (2011-2014). The proportion of young CRC was highest among the indigenous (30.8%), followed by the expatriates (29.3%), Malays (14.3%) and lowest among the Chinese (10.8%). The mean age of young CRC was $35.9{\pm}6.2$; lowest among the indigenous ($33.5{\pm}6.7$), expatriate ($34.9{\pm}6.0$) groupd and the Malays ($35.6{\pm}6.5$) compared to the Chinese ($38.6{\pm}4.6$), a similar trend being observed in the non-young CRC groups. There were no difference between the genders and tumor locations (rectum or colon) between the young and the non-young CRC cases. Female young CRC was significantly younger than male (p<0.05) without any significant variation between the various population groups (p>0.05). Conclusions: Our study showed that the young CRC accounted for 15.1% of all CRC with declining trend observed over recent years. Young CRC was more common among indigenous, expatriates and Malays and least common among the Chinese. There were no differences in the gender and tumor locations.
연관 검색어 추천
이 검색어로 많이 본 자료
활용도 높은 자료
