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      • An Analysis of Foreign Direct Investment Flows into Mongolia

        Tungalag Jargalsaikhan,Munkh-Erdene Tuvshintugs,Eui Burm Park 한국기독교경제학회 2020 OIKONOMOS Vol.7 No.1

        To study the current situation of foreign direct investment in Mongolia, we have calculated the amount of concentration using the Herfindahl-Hirschman index, and tested the long-term and short-term relationships using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag model (ARDL). We have shown that, in the long-run, a 1 percent increase in FDI inflows into Mongolia would increase real GDP growth by 0.32 percent. If Mongolia s export growth increases by 1 percent, the GDP growth rate will increase by 0.88 percent. However, the previous coefficient of the error correction model (ECM t_1) has a negative (-) sign as expected and is statistically significant. For this model, -0.05 indicates that the short-term deviation from the long-term equilibrium is 5 percent per quarter.

      • KCI등재후보

        Cultural Adjustment of Retail Services to Social Norms of the Corona Pandemic in the Mongolia

        Tungalag Jargalsaikhan,Otgonsaikhan Nyamdaa,Munkh-Erdene Tuvshintugs,Munkhbayasgalan Ganbold 한국글로벌문화학회 2021 글로벌문화연구 Vol.12 No.2

        전 세계적으로 비대면 시대 상황에 따른 다양한 사회 경제적 변화가 발생하고 있는 가운데, 사회 각 분야의 업무는 신속하고 직접적으로 전자전환에 적응하고 있다. 세계보건기구 (World Health Organization)가 ‘Corona 팬더믹’을 선포한 이후, 2020-2021년까지 전 세계 대부분의 국가에서 통행금지 및 질병통제 조치를 부과하여 많은 사회 문화적 활동이 축소되는 반면에, 많은 거래가 e-transaction으로 전환되는 등 비대면 시대에서 몽골은 전국적으로 사회와 문화적 변화를 가져오고 있다. 이 연구의 목적은 Corona 팬더믹의 영향으로 몽골의 사회 및 문화적 변화와 몽골 대외거래 부문의 대부분을 구성하는 소매업체의 거래문화와 운영이 어떻게 변화되고 있는지를 조사하는 것이다. 본 연구는 팬더믹에 따른 비대면시대로의 전환이 몽골의 사회, 경제, 문화적 측면에서 변화수준을 계량적으로 확인하였다. 몽골정부는 자체 사회문화적 규모와 경제 정책을 수정하고, 코로나 펜더믹 기간 동안 임시 법 및 규정을 제정했다. 본 연구는 새로운 프레임 워크 내에서 정부의 기업과 시민을 위해 일정량의 재정 지원과 문화지원 조치를 긍정적으로 인식하였다. 또한 사회공간의 폐쇄기간 동안 몽골정부는 시민의 사회 문화적 적응을 원활히 유도하기 위하여 소프트론 정책 및 금리 할인과 같은 재정 지원을 확대를 적정한 것으로 평가하였다. Globally, socio-cultural change was made due to Corona pandemic. Everything is moving very fast to the electronic transition. As World Health Organization (WHO) has named it a pandemic, by 2020-2021, many countries worldwide have repeatedly imposed curfews and disease control measures, which has reduced the profits of many businesses and affected them to close their doors. At the same time, many companies have switched to e-transition. This study is objected to examine the social and economic changes in Mongolia under the influence of Covid and the situation of retailers, who make up the majority of Mongolia"s trade sector, and how their operations are transitioning electronically. We imagine that this transition will show how Mongolia"s socio-economic culture is changing. As each country defined its own political and economic policies, temporary regulations and laws were enacted during the Covid period. Within this framework, governments implemented a certain amount of financial aid and some supportive measures for their businesses and citizen. Mongolia also provides financial assistance such as soft loan policies and interest rate concessions for businesses during a lockdown. All of them are bringing many changes to the country"s society and economy.

      • STUDY ON MONGOLIAN GOVERNMENT SUPPORTS IN SMEs

        TUNGALAG Jargalsaikhan,GANTSETSEG Tserendorj 단국대학교 몽골연구소 2018 몽골지역연구 Vol.3 No.2

        There are 83 thousand enterprises registered in Mongolia as of now, but 50921 of them conduct the business actively. As the statistical news, small and middle enterprises and businesses cover the 38.6% of total national products of our country, 38.2% of sales, 18.9% of official income taxes paid by the enterprises and organizations to the state budget and 21.8% of official trade taxes. 31% of 39 thousand small and middle enterprises conduct their businesses in the food sector, 16% of them engage in agriculture, 1% of them engage in sewing, 5.2% of them engage in skin, 5.1% of them conduct the wood processing business, 2% of them conduct the handcrafts and other percent of them conduct the activities in the mining, energy, electronic, social, cultural and educational and medical sector. According to the World Bank’s Doing business 2015 report, Mongolia currently ranks 72nd out of 189 countries in terms of ease of doing business, 4 places lower than its rank in 2014 and 20 places below its peak position of 52nd in the 2008 World Bank report. This trend indicates a deteriorating and unstable business climate in Mongolia. In the long run, profits are necessary for survival in a competitive business environment, but SME management may adopt grow or not to grow options. long-term profitability derives from the relations between cost and revenue; which is a necessary but not sufficient condition for growth.

      • An Empirical Analysis for Enhancing the Efficiency of Korean Companies in Mongolia

        Jargalsaikhan TUNGALAG,Kim Chun Soo 대한경영교육학회 2016 경영교육저널 Vol.27 No.2

        본 연구의 목적은 몽골에 진출한 한국기업을 대상으로 한국 기업들의 환경을 기업 특성, 현지 관리자 특성, 문화 특성, 산업 특성으로 구분하여 각각의 특성과 마케팅전략에 미치는 영향을 분석하여 기업의 성과를 제고할 수 있는 방안을 모색하고자 하였다. 본 연구에서는 한국과 해외 여러 문헌과 사례를 고찰하였고 실증적 분석을 통하여 이론적 선행 연구결과를 토대로 실증적인 검증을 하였다. 이를 위한 연구모형 및 연구가설을 설정하고, 가설 검증을 위하여 설문지를 이용하여 자료를 수집하고 분석하여 가설을 검증하였다. 이를 통해 설정한 연구모형의 각 요인들 간의 관계를 파악함으로써 몽골에 진출한 한국기업의 환경과 전략 및 성과 간의 관계를 제시하였다. Korean companies cross-cultural strategy has been converting gradually to clustered model from a simple transshipment hub model at the early stage. It is necessary to establish and execute various marketing strategy according to environmental features in order to survive as a competitive cross-cultural enterprise in the extensive Central Asia region industrial markets. Therefore, in this study, Korean cross-cultural companies environments are divided into the companies, directors, culture and cross-cultural-industry features and evaluated influences between the factors and the marketing strategies respectively. And this study finally seek a plan to enhance the performance of the cross-cultural companies. The results of this study are as stated as follows. First, the relationships between the cross-cultural companies environmental factors and marketing strategies are, statistically, significantly positive. Second, the relationships between the marketing strategies and performance in cross-cultural companies are, statistically, significantly positive. Third, the relationships between cross-cultural companies environmental factors and performance, the environmental features of cross-cultural companies are, statistically, significantly positive.

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