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Secondary Outcomes of a Legislated Stadium Subsidy
Timothy Kellison,Yukyoum Kim,James Jeffrey D. 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2022 Journal of Global Sport Management Vol.7 No.4
Legislated stadium subsidies—the allocation of public funding toward stadium projects without a direct vote by citizens—has been the primary funding mechanism in more than 80% of the major professional sport stadium projects occurring in North America between 2005–2020. In the absence of a public vote, the degree to which citizens support a stadium subsidy is unclear. To investigate how citizens first appraise, and then respond to, a legislated stadium subsidy, we surveyed voters in Franklin County, Ohio, about the public purchase of Nationwide Arena, the anchor property of Columbus’s downtown Arena District. The results of structural model testing provided support for eight of 11 hypotheses. Both perceived stadium impact and trust in government were significant predictors of one’s evaluation of the public-financing plan. In turn, this evaluation impacted voter attitudes toward the stadium’s primary tenant, policymakers associated with the plan, and the democratic process in general.
Global Perspectives on Democracy and Public Stadium Finance
Timothy Kellison,Michael P. Sam,Sungil Hong,Kamilla Swart,Michael J. Mondell 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2020 Journal of Global Sport Management Vol.5 No.4
Arenas, ballparks, and stadiums built for professional sports teams or mega-events all around the world often come with large public costs. In democratic states, citizens are assumed to have a role in public policymaking, but previous research suggests the strength of this role can vary case-to-case. To examine the incidence of public stadium finance and public participation across the geopolitical landscape, a collective case study was employed and organized into regime type (i.e., full democracies, flawed democracies, hybrid regimes, authoritarian regimes). The results of the study show clear contrasts in the financing mechanisms within and between regime types. Additionally, each case-study grouping contained examples of citizen-led public participation, though the efficacy of these democratic actions is questionable. This review complements the growing literature on public policy and stadium finance by assessing public engagement in current stadium-subsidy debates around the world.
Timothy Kellison 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2023 Journal of Global Sport Management Vol.8 No.4
Stadium districts are almost always located in central cities. Oneexception, and the focus of this study, is Truist Park–Battery Atlanta,a $1.3-billion baseball stadium development that opened in a sub-urb outside Atlanta, Georgia, in 2017. Empirical material collectedfrom 134 active voters was used to analyze the perceived impact ofthe stadium development on the region and consider whether pub-lic opinion in this case contrasted with questions traditionally raisedin cities affected by urban stadium projects. Nineteen preliminarycodesandsixcategoriesemergedfromacombinedapproachtoqualitative analysis. The primary themes were established a prioribased on the goal of identifying both universal and regional attrib-utes. The results provide evidence that public interest in stadiumprojects may transcend proximity to the urban core, thereby sug-gesting many—although not all—concerns are universal.