Radix et Rhizoma Ginseng chemoprevents both initiation and promotion of cutaneous carcinoma by enhancing cell-mediated immunity and maintaining redox homeostasis

Yu, Suyun,Wang, Siliang,Huang, Shuai,Wang, Wei,Wei, Zhonghong,Ding, Yushi,Wang, Aiyun,Huang, Shile,Chen, Wenxing,Lu, Yin The Korean Society of Ginseng 2020 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.44 No.4

Background: Radix et Rhizoma Ginseng (thereafter called ginseng) has been used as a medicinal herb for thousands of years to maintain people's physical vitality and is also a non-organ-specific cancer preventive and therapeutic traditional medicine in several epidemiologic and preclinical studies. Owing to few toxic side effects and strong enhancement on body immunity, ginseng has admirable application potential and value in cancer chemoprevention. The study aims at investigating the chemopreventive effects of ginseng on cutaneous carcinoma and the underlying mechanisms. Methods: The mouse skin cancer model was induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene/12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate. Ultraperformance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry was used for identifying various ginsenosides, the main active ingredients of ginseng. Comprehensive approaches (including network pharmacology, bioinformatics, and experimental verification) were used to explore the potential targets of ginseng. Results: Ginseng treatment inhibited cutaneous carcinoma in terms of initiation and promotion. The content of Rb1, Rb2, Rc, and Rd ginsenosides was the highest in both mouse blood and skin tissues. Ginseng and its active components well maintained the redox homeostasis and modulated the immune response in the model. Specifically, ginseng treatment inhibited the initiation of skin cancer by enhancing T-cell-mediated immune response through upregulating HSP27 expression and inhibited the promotion of skin cancer by maintaining cellular redox homeostasis through promoting nuclear translocation of Nrf2. Conclusion: According to the study results, ginseng can be potentially used for cutaneous carcinoma as a chemopreventive agent by enhancing cell-mediated immunity and maintaining redox homeostasis with multiple components, targets, and links.

Radix et Rhizoma Ginseng chemoprevents both initiation and promotion of cutaneous carcinoma by enhancing cell-mediated immunity and maintaining redox homeostasis

Suyun Yu,Siliang Wang,Shuai Huang,Wei Wang,Zhonghong Wei,Yushi Ding,Aiyun Wang,Shile Huang,Wenxing Chen,Yin Lu 고려인삼학회 2020 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.44 No.4

Background: Radix et Rhizoma Ginseng (thereafter called ginseng) has been used as a medicinal herb forthousands of years to maintain people’s physical vitality and is also a noneorgan-specific cancer preventiveand therapeutic traditional medicine in several epidemiologic and preclinical studies. Owing tofew toxic side effects and strong enhancement on body immunity, ginseng has admirable applicationpotential and value in cancer chemoprevention. The study aims at investigating the chemopreventiveeffects of ginseng on cutaneous carcinoma and the underlying mechanisms. Methods: The mouse skin cancer model was induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene/12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate. Ultraperformance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry was used foridentifying various ginsenosides, the main active ingredients of ginseng. Comprehensive approaches(including network pharmacology, bioinformatics, and experimental verification) were used to explorethe potential targets of ginseng. Results: Ginseng treatment inhibited cutaneous carcinoma in terms of initiation and promotion. Thecontent of Rb1, Rb2, Rc, and Rd ginsenosides was the highest in both mouse blood and skin tissues. Ginseng and its active components well maintained the redox homeostasis and modulated the immuneresponse in the model. Specifically, ginseng treatment inhibited the initiation of skin cancer byenhancing T-cellemediated immune response through upregulating HSP27 expression and inhibited thepromotion of skin cancer by maintaining cellular redox homeostasis through promoting nuclear translocationof Nrf2. Conclusion: According to the study results, ginseng can be potentially used for cutaneous carcinoma as achemopreventive agent by enhancing cell-mediated immunity and maintaining redox homeostasis withmultiple components, targets, and links.

S-515 Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in hypertensive patient undergoing chronic hemodialysis

( Bong Gyu Kwak ),( Kyun Young Kim ),( Suyun Oh ),( Yu Ah Hong ),( Hyeon Seok Hwang ),( Yoon Kyung Chang ),( Suk Young Kim ) 대한내과학회 2016 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2016 No.1

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is clinical and radiologic syndrome that accompanied by a headache, altered mental state, seizures and other neurological signs with radiologically by reversible changes on brain image. Although the pathophysiology of PRES is incompletely understood, renal failure was known as one of the risk factors. Regarding end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and PRES, only a few cases of adults on hemodialysis have been described in the literature. We report an interesting case of PRES with severe hypertension receiving chronic hemodialysis. A 55-year-old male with ESRD was admitted to our hospital due to traumatic hemothorax and performed video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery with chest tube insertion. During 3 weeks after operation, his systolic blood pressure (BP) was very huge fluctuation between 80 mmHg to 200 mmHg. Despite using anti-hypertensive medication and hemodialysis, it is very difficult to control BP and pulmonary congestion. Suddenly he was observed decreased mentality and had a seizure-like movement with pulseless electrical activity. He was returned to spontaneous rhythm after successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation for 4 minutes with comatose mentality. We found symmetrical white matter edema in posterior cerebrum in T2-wighted Brain MRI and administrated anticonvulsant and performed continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) for 23 days to maintain systolic BP between 100 mmHg to 120 mmHg. His neurologic symptoms had disappeared completely after we controlled strict blood pressure. Hemodialysis patients presenting with severe hypertension and subsequent seizures and unconsciousness should undergo brain MRI to rule out the possibility of PRES and consider to maintain appropriate BP and volume control using CRRT.

S-490 sarcoidosis presenting as pancreatitis, duodenal ulcer and severe acute kidney injury

( Kyun Young Kim ),( Bong Gyu Kwak ),( Suyun Oh ),( Won Seok Park ),( Yoon Kyung Chang ),( Suk Young Kim ),( Hyeon Seok Hwang ),( Yu Ah Hong ) 대한내과학회 2016 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2016 No.1

Sarcoidosis is a multisystemic inflammatory disease characterized by the presence of noncaseating granulomas, mainly the lung and lymph nodes. We report an interesting case of sarcoidosis simultaneously involving the gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, and kidney and presenting as severe acute kidney injury (AKI). A 41-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with anorexia and weight loss over several months. Four months ago, he was diagnosed with idiopathic acute pancreatitis and recovered after steroid treatment. At that time, abdominal computed tomography (CT) showed diffuse pancreas swelling without solid mass. We started hemodialysis due to severe AKI with hypercalcemia and renal biopsy was performed. The histopathology indicated granulomatous interstitial nephritis with diffuse interstitial inflammation and noncaseating granulomas. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed ulcerative and edematous mucosa on the stomach and the second part of the duodenum. Chest CT showed a slight interstitial pattern but definite hilar lymphadenopathy was not observed. Noncaseating granulomas were observed on microscopic examination in stomach, duodenum and bronchus. There was no involvement of sarcoidosis in any other organs. He received pulse methylprednisolone followed by maintenance prednisone therapy. After 2 months of treatment, renal function and hypercalcemia were improved. We suggest that renal sarcoidosis can manifest without typical pulmonary involvement and unusual extrathoracic organ involvement occurs with renal sarcoidosis presenting as severe AKI. Active enforcement of biopsy for suspicious lesions including kidney would provide the diagnostic clue in sarcoidosis with unusual manifestation and it supports the histological evidence of granulomas consistent with sarcoidosis. Keywords: sarcoidosis; kidney; pancreas; duodenum