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An attempt to improve the poor performance characteristics of coconut oil for industrial lubricants
Suresh Babu Valeru,Y. Srinivas,K. N. S. Suman 대한기계학회 2018 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.32 No.4
Coconut oil is used as the base fluid for metal cutting applications because of its high natural properties compared to other vegetable oils. The major hindrances to extensive utilization of coconut oil compared to mineral oils for various metal cutting operations are its high pour point, low oxidation and thermal stability therefore further improvement in these aspects is much needed. In this work, a systematic approach to improve the cold flow behavior, oxidation and thermal stability of the coconut oil by the combination of chemical additive i.e 2,6 Di-tetra butyl phenol and diluents such as Poly alpha olefin4(PAO4), Poly (Ethylene co-vinyl acetate) (PPD) has been carried out. Based on the obtained results an improvement of cold flow behavior (least pour point) was observed with the addition of PAO4 and PPD with varying weight percentage combinations. Apart from this addition of 2, 6 Di-tetra butyl phenol as anti-oxidant (AO) in various weight percentage has led to an improvement of oxidation and thermal stability to the primarily modified coconut oil.
Babu, C.V. Suresh,Chung, Bong Chul,Lho, Dong Seok,Yoo, Young Sook Elsevier 2006 Journal of chromatography Vol.1111 No.2
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Immunoassays are commonly used in bioresearch for the detection and quantification of small proteins and macromolecules in biological fluids and other complex matrices. In this report, a competitive immunoassay using capillary electrophoresis (CE) with laser-induced fluorescence was developed for methionine-enkephalin (ME). The method is based on the competitive reaction between the ME and fluorescein conjugated ME (ME-F) with anti-ME antibody, capillary electrophoresis separation of the ME-antibody bound and free ME-F, followed by the laser-induced fluorescence detection of the fluorescent species. With the optimized separation conditions, it was possible to separate the antibody bound and free fluorescien conjugated ME by a capillary electrophoresis–laser-induced fluorescence (CE–LIF) analysis using an uncoated fused-silica capillaries. The results concluded that the assay specificity, selectivity and accuracy were excellent.</P>
Adaptive Firefly Algorithm based OPF for AC/DC Systems
Babu, B. Suresh,Palaniswami, S. The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2016 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.11 No.4
Optimal Power Flow (OPF) is an important operational and planning problem in minimizing the chosen objective functions of the power systems. The recent developments in power electronics have enabled introduction of dc links in the AC power systems with a view of making the operation more flexible, secure and economical. This paper formulates a new OPF to embrace dc link equations and presents a heuristic optimization technique, inspired by the behavior of fireflies, for solving the problem. The solution process involves AC/DC power flow and uses a self adaptive technique so as to avoid landing at the suboptimal solutions. It presents simulation results of IEEE test systems with a view of demonstrating its effectiveness.
Suresh Babu Daram,P.S.Venkataramu,M.S.Nagaraj 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Grid and Distributed Comp Vol.9 No.5
Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS), under different conditions, are being incorporated in a power system for the improvement of active power flow along with voltage at each bus. Among the many FACTS devices, Interline Power Flow Controller (IPFC) is one of its kind, that has the capability of controlling multi-transmission systems. In this paper, an Improved Power Injection Model (IPIM) of Interline Power Flow Controller (IPFC) has been introduced. This model was included to Newton-Raphson (NR) method of load flow solution. The proposed model is tested on the standard test systems. The results of standard 5-bus system, IEEE-14 bus system is presented for the purpose of demonstration.
Capillary electrophoresis at the omics level: Towards systems biology
Babu C. V., Suresh,Song, Eun Joo,Babar, Sheikh Md. Enayetul,Wi, Mun Hyung,Yoo, Young Sook WILEY-VCH Verlag 2006 Electrophoresis Vol.27 No.1
<P>Emerging systems biology aims at integrating the enormous amount of existing omics data in order to better understand their functional relationships at a whole systems level. These huge datasets can be obtained through advances in high-throughput, sensitive, precise, and accurate analytical instrumentation and technological innovation. Separation sciences play an important role in revealing biological processes at various omic levels. From the perspective of systems biology, CE is a strong candidate for high-throughput, sensitive data generation which is capable of tackling the challenges in acquiring qualitative and quantitative knowledge through a system-level study. This review focuses on the applicability of CE to systems-based analytical data at the genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic levels.</P>
Kinetic Analysis of the MAPK and PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathways
Suresh Babu, CV,Babar, Sheikh Md. Enayetul,Song, Eun Joo,Oh, Eulsik,Yoo, Young Sook Korean Society for Molecular Biology 2008 Molecules and cells Vol.25 No.3
Computational modeling of signal transduction is currently attracting much attention as it can promote the understanding of complex signal transduction mechanisms. Although several mathematical models have been used to examine signaling pathways, little attention has been given to crosstalk mechanisms. In this study, an attempt was made to develop a computational model for the pathways involving growth-factor-mediated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt). In addition, the dynamics of the protein activities were analyzed based on a set of kinetic data. The simulation approach integrates the information on several levels and predicts systems behavior. The in-silico analysis conducted revealed that the Raf and Akt pathways act independently.
Suresh Babu, R.,Pyo, Myoungho The Electrochemical Society 2014 Journal of the Electrochemical Society Vol.161 No.6
<P>In this work, we report the facile synthesis of sugar hard carbon (SHC)/multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWNT) composites (SHC/MWNT) and comparisons of electrochemical performance with that of pristine SHC when used as anodes in sodium ion batteries (SIBs). Composites with various contents of MWNTs were prepared via the simple mechanical mixing of MWNTs with a SHC precursor, to control the nanopore density and enhance the reversible sodium insertion/desertion at low charge/discharge (C/D) voltages. The incorporation of well-dispersed MWNTs in the SHC media decreased the crystallite sizes of the SHC and increased the meso-to-macropore densities in the composites, which eventually contributed to an improvement in the reversible capacity and cyclability of the composite. At the optimal MWNT content (5%), the composite showed a reversible capacity of 300 mAh·g<SUP>−1</SUP> at 20 mA·g<SUP>−1</SUP>, in contrast to 221 mAh·g<SUP>−1</SUP> for the SHC. This trend was maintained after 50 C/D cycles, delivering a high capacity of 280 mAh·g<SUP>−1</SUP>, relative to 220 mAh·g<SUP>−1</SUP> for the SHC. The noticeable improvement for Na storage capability in the SHC/MWNT mostly resulted from an increase of nanopore density, which extended the low-voltage plateau for great reversible capacity and high capacity retention, and also contributed to an enhancement in rate capability.</P>
Suresh Babu, C. V.,Cho, Sung Gook,Sook Yoo, Young WILEY-VCH Verlag 2005 Electrophoresis Vol.26 No.19
<P>Signal transduction studies have indicated that Akt is essential for transducing the signals originating from extracellular stimuli. An exploration of the Akt signal transduction mechanism depends on the ability to assay its activation states by determining the ability of Akt to phosphorylate various substrates. This paper describes a CE-based kinase assay for Akt using a UV detection method. The RPRAATF peptide was used as the specific substrate to determine the Akt activity. Under the CE separation conditions used, the phosphorylated and nonphosphorylated forms of the RPRAATF peptide were rapidly resolved in the Akt reaction mixture within 20 min. Using this method for measuring the Akt activity, the incubation time for the Akt reactions as well as the kinetic parameters (K<SUB>M</SUB>) were examined. Furthermore, the developed method was applied to a PC12 cell system to assess the dynamics of the Akt activity by examining the effectiveness of the RPRAATF peptide substrate under various cytokine-stimulated environments. These results highlight the feasibility of the CE method, which is a simple and reliable technique for determining and characterizing various enzyme reactions particularly kinase enzymes.</P>
Babu, Rajendran Suresh,de Barros, Ana Lucia Ferreira,de Almeida Maier, Mariana,da Motta Sampaio, Daniel,Balamurugan, Jayaraman,Lee, Joong Hee Elsevier 2018 Composites Part B, Engineering Vol.143 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>To accomplish high-performance flexible energy storage devices, a new class of flexible electrodes with prosperous constructions bearing exceptional electrical conductivity, exclusive porosity, and outstanding mechanical stability is extremely needed. Here, we have successfully fabricated a highly flexible electrode with nanocomposite of polyaniline/manganese hexacyanoferrate PANI/MnHCF nanocomposite (PANI/MnHCF) on highly conductive carbon fiber (FCF). The nanocomposite exhibits an ultra-high specific capacitance of 730 F g<SUP>−1</SUP> at a current density of 1 A g<SUP>−1</SUP> with exceptional rate capability (350 F g<SUP>−1</SUP> capacitance retention at a current density of 20 A g<SUP>−1</SUP> <SUB>),</SUB> and outstanding cycling performance (capacitance retention of ∼85% after 1000 cycles). The PANI/MnHCF/FCF electrode shows better electrochemical performance due to their exclusive properties such as excellent electrical conductivity, unique porous network and outstanding mechanical flexibility. Furthermore, the higher surface area of PANI/MnHCF nanocomposite facilitates the transport of electrons and electrolyte ions during rapid charge/discharge process. This present work offers a simple, scalable and cost-effective method for fabrication of other PANI/MnHCF nanocomposite based electrode, which is applicable for providing energy in practical flexible portable devices.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> PANI/MnHCF nanoparticles decorated on FCF by simple one-step co-polymerization method. </LI> <LI> The fabricated flexible and binder-free nanocomposite enhances the electrochemical performance. </LI> <LI> The nanocomposite electrode exhibits excellent rate capability and outstanding cycling performance. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>