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Moon Phase based Threshold Determination for VIIRS Boat Detection
( Euihyun Kim ),( Sang-wan Kim ),( Hahn Chul Jung ),( Joo-hyung Ryu ) 대한원격탐사학회 2021 大韓遠隔探査學會誌 Vol.37 No.1
Awareness of boats is a main issue in areas of fishery management, illegal fishing, and maritime traffic, etc. For the awareness, Automatic Identification System (AIS) and Vessel-Pass System (V-PASS) have been widely used to collect the boat-related information. However, only using these systems makes it difficult to collect the accurate information. Recently, satellite-based data has been increasingly used as a cooperative system. In 2015, U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) developed a boat detection algorithm using Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) Day & Night Band (DNB) data. Although the detections have been widely utilized in many publications, it is difficult to estimate the night-time fishing boats immediately. Particularly, it is difficult to estimate the threshold due to the lunar irradiation effect. This effect must be corrected to apply a single specific threshold. In this study, the moon phase was considered as the main frequency of this effect. Considering the moon phase, relational expressions are derived and then used as offsets for relative correction. After the correction, it shows a significant reduction in the standard deviation of the threshold compared to the threshold of NOAA. Through the correction, this study can set a constant threshold every day without determination of different thresholds. In conclusion, this study can achieve the detection applying the single specific threshold regardless of the moon phase.
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Lee, Euihyun,Shim, Sang-Hee,Cho, Minhaeng Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Chemical Science Vol.9 No.44
<▼1><P>The fluorescence of fluorescent proteins with noncovalently encapsulated chromophore is enhanced by complex interactions between chromophore, protein and bound water.</P></▼1><▼2><P>Fluorescent proteins contain an internal chromophore constituted of amino acids or an external chromophore covalently bonded to the protein. To increase their fluorescence intensities, many research groups have attempted to mutate amino acids within or near the chromophore. Recently, a new type of fluorescent protein, called UnaG, in which the ligand binds to the protein through many noncovalent interactions was discovered. Later, a series of mutants of the UnaG protein were introduced, which include eUnaG with valine 2 mutated to leucine emitting significantly stronger fluorescence than the wild type and V2T mutant, in which valine 2 is mutated to threonine, emitting weaker fluorescence than the wild type. Interestingly, the single mutation sites of both eUnaG and V2T mutants are distant from the fluorophore, bilirubin, which renders the mechanism of such fluorescence enhancement or reduction unclear. To elucidate the origin of fluorescence intensity changes induced by the single mutations, we carried out extensive analyses on MD simulations for the original UnaG, eUnaG and V2T, and found that the bilirubin ligand bound to eUnaG is conformationally more rigid than the wild-type, particularly in the skeletal dihedral angles, possibly resulting in the increase of quantum yield through a reduction of non-radiative decay. On the other hand, the bilirubin bound to the V2T appears to be flexible than that in the UnaG. Furthermore, examining the structural correlations between the ligand and proteins, we found evidence that the bilirubin ligand is encapsulated in different environments composed of protein residues and water molecules that increase or decrease the stability of the ligand. The changed protein stability affects the mobility and confinement of water molecules captured between bilirubin and the protein. Since the flexible ligand contains multiple hydrogen bond (H-bond) donors and acceptors, the H-bonding structure and dynamics of bound water molecules are highly correlated with the rigidity of the bound ligand. Our results suggest that, to understand the fluorescence properties of protein mutants, especially the ones with noncovalently bound fluorophores with internal rotations, the interaction network among protein residues, ligand, and water molecules within the binding cavity should be investigated rather than focusing on the local structure near the fluorescing moiety. Our in-depth simulation study may offer a foundation for the design principles for engineering this new class of fluorescent proteins.</P></▼2>
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An Urgent Information Control Mechanism for Context-aware Framework
Hyunjeong Lee,Jungsik Sung,Youngsik Chung,Euihyun Paik 대한전자공학회 2009 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2009 No.7
Context-aware framework is a main infrastructure in ubiquitous home networks. A lot of sensors detect dynamic conditions of the home, and some sensed data include urgent states of home condition. In this paper, we focus on processing urgent information for providing users ubiquitous services. First, we describe how to detect urgent information from sensed data, and then propose a method of processing urgent situation quickly and adequately.
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Seo, Juyeon,Hwang, Kyo-Jin,Baik, Sung-Il,Lee, Suryeon,Cho, Byungjin,Jo, Euihyun,Choi, Minseok,Hahm, Myung Gwan,Kim, Yoon-Jun American Chemical Society 2018 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.10 No.36
<P>Increased interest in two-dimensional (2D) materials and heterostructures for use as components of electrical devices has led to the use of an atomically mixed phase between semiconducting and metallic transition metal dichalcogenides that exhibited enhanced interfacial characteristics. To understand the lattice structure and properties of 2D materials on the atomic scale, diverse characterization methods such as Raman spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) have been applied. However, determination of the exact chemical distribution, which is a critical factor for the interfacial layer, was hindered by limitations of these typical methods. In this work, atom-probe tomography (APT) was introduced for the first time to analyze the three-dimensional atomic distribution and composition variation of the atomic-scale multilayered alloy structure W<I><SUB>x</SUB></I>Nb<SUB>(1-<I>x</I>)</SUB>Se<SUB>2</SUB>. Composition profiles and theoretical calculations for each atom demonstrated the reaction kinetics and stoichiometric inhomogeneity of the W<I><SUB>x</SUB></I>Nb<SUB>(1-<I>x</I>)</SUB>Se<SUB>2</SUB> layer. The role of the intermediate layer was investigated by fabrication of a WSe<SUB>2</SUB>-based field-effect transistor. Introduction of W<I><SUB>x</SUB></I>Nb<SUB>(1-<I>x</I>)</SUB>Se<SUB>2</SUB> between metallic NbSe<SUB>2</SUB> and semiconducting WSe<SUB>2</SUB> layers resulted in improved charge transport with lowering of the contact barrier.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>
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