Advances in Wireless Power Transfer Systems for Roadway-Powered Electric Vehicles

Choi, Su Y.,Gu, Beom W.,Jeong, Seog Y.,Rim, Chun T. IEEE 2015 IEEE journal of emerging and selected topics in po Vol.3 No.1

<P>Roadway-powered electric vehicles (RPEVs) are attractive candidates for future transportation because they do not rely on large and heavy batteries but directly and efficiently get power while moving along a road. The inductive power transfer systems (IPTSs) that have been widely used for the wireless powering of RPEVs are reviewed in this paper. The development history of the IPTS is tracked from the origin of the RPEV in the 1890s to the recent RPEV. Throughout its 100-year history, the size, weight, efficiency, air gap, lateral tolerance, electromagnetic force, and cost of the IPTS have been substantially improved, and now RPEVs are becoming more widely commercialized. Important milestones of the developments of the IPTS and RPEVs are summarized in this paper, focusing on recent developments of on-line electric vehicles that were first commercialized in 2013.</P>

Generalized Active EMF Cancel Methods for Wireless Electric Vehicles

Choi, Su Y.,Gu, Beom W.,Lee, Sung W.,Lee, Woo Y.,Jin Huh,Rim, Chun T. IEEE 2014 IEEE transactions on power electronics Vol.29 No.11

<P>In the inductive power transfer systems (IPTSs) of wireless electric vehicles (WEV), the electromagnetic field (EMF) should be lowered for the safety of pedestrians. In general, the EMF should be canceled for every space, time, and load condition of interest. Three generalized design methods for cancelling the EMF of WEV are proposed in this paper. By adding active EMF cancel coils to each primary main coil and secondary main coil, respectively, the EMF generated from each main coil can be independently cancelled by their corresponding cancel coils. Moreover, the EMF can be successfully mitigated if a dominant EMF source only is cancelled with 3-dB margin, which can be applied to any resonant type wireless power transfer systems. Furthermore, no significant power drop may occur if the cancel coils are placed aside from magnetic coupling path. Design examples are shown for U-type and W-type IPTS as well as a wireless stationary EV charger. Experimental verifications are shown for a recently developed I-type IPTS, which has a narrow rail width structure with alternating magnetic polarity along with a roadway. The proposed design methods have been demonstrated, without the loss of generality, to only the secondary coil where relatively large EMF is generated due to high ampere turns. An optimum spacing for cancel coils from main coils and an optimum number of turns are determined. Through experiments, additional EMF mitigation techniques such as the magnetic mirror method, separating pick-up rectifiers, and passive Al plate are provided. Thus, the EMF at 1 m distance from the center of a pick-up becomes under 44 mG even for the maximum power of 12 kW.</P>

Ultraslim S-Type Power Supply Rails for Roadway-Powered Electric Vehicles

Choi, Su Y.,Jeong, Seog Y.,Gu, Beom W.,Lim, Gyu C.,Rim, Chun T. IEEE 2015 IEEE transactions on power electronics Vol.30 No.11

<P>An ultraslim S-type power supply rail, which has a width of only 4 cm, for roadway-powered electric vehicles (RPEVs) is proposed in this paper. The cross section of the core has a thin S-shape, and a vertically-wound multiturn coil is displaced inside the core. In this way, the most slim power supply rail is designed, which is crucial for the commercialization of RPEVs. The construction of roadway infrastructure, which is responsible for more than 80% of the total deployment cost for RPEVs, can be much easier when the width of the power supply rail is so small. To increase portability and to minimize construction time, a foldable power supply module is also proposed in which flexible power cables connect each foldable power supply module such that no connectors are needed during deployment. An effective winding method for minimizing the cable length is proposed, and an optimum core thickness of the proposed power supply rail is determined by FEA simulations and verified by a prototype power supply module. By virtue of the ultraslim shape, a large lateral displacement of 30 cm at an air gap of 20 cm was experimentally obtained, which is 6 cm larger than that of the I-type power supply rail. In addition to the larger lateral displacement, it is estimated that the S-type one has lower EMF than the I-type one because the width of the S-type one is narrower than that of I-type one. The maximum efficiency, excluding the inverter, was 91%, and the pick-up power was 22 kW.</P>

Generalized Models on Self-Decoupled Dual Pick-up Coils for Large Lateral Tolerance

Choi, Su Y.,Jeong, Seog Y.,Lee, Eun S.,Gu, Beom W.,Lee, Sung W.,Rim, Chun T. IEEE 2015 IEEE transactions on power electronics Vol.30 No.11

<P>Self-decoupled dual pick-up coils for large lateral tolerance and low electromagnetic field for pedestrians are proposed. Analytical models are developed that are applicable to any self-decoupled coils, regardless the coil types such as single/dual pick-ups and core/coreless coils. An optimum decoupling distance between adjacent pick-up coils is determined and found to be independent of the existence of a core plate. Maximum load power over a large lateral tolerance is obtained for the optimum decoupling distance. The proposed models are so general that they can be applied to any self-decoupled pick-up coils for stationary charging and dynamic charging systems. Moreover, the self-decoupled coils are compatible with any compensation method such as serial, parallel, and serial-parallel. A prototype system of 1.5 kW and Q = 60 for roadway powered electrical vehicles was implemented and showed fairly good agreements with the theoretical models and simulations. The measured lateral tolerance was 90 cm, which is about 1.5 times of the coil width.</P>

Asymmetric Coil Sets for Wireless Stationary EV Chargers With Large Lateral Tolerance by Dominant Field Analysis

Choi, Su Y.,Huh, Jin,Lee, Woo Y.,Rim, Chun T. IEEE 2014 IEEE transactions on power electronics Vol.29 No.12

<P>Asymmetric coil sets for wireless stationary electric vehicle (EV) chargers, which has significantly larger lateral tolerance than previous ones, is proposed. The pick-up coil set is much smaller than the power supply coil set, thereby allowing large lateral and longitudinal displacements as well as robustness to air-gap displacement. Electromagnetic field (EMF) is reasonably reduced by arranging magnetic poles along the EV's moving direction so that alternating magnetic flux through adjacent poles cancels each other. A dominant field analysis useful for complex vector magnetic flux simulation is newly proposed, which is applicable to any resonating coils of an inductive power transfer system (IPTS). Furthermore, a hysteresis loss model is suggested, which appropriately reflects the partial core saturation on a system analysis. A prototype IPTS including the proposed coil sets were designed and successfully verified by experiments. In the quick charging mode, maximum output power of 15 kW, large lateral displacement of 40 cm, longitudinal displacement of 20 cm, air gap of 15 cm were achieved, and low EMF of 6.1 μT at 20 kHz was achieved in the normal charging mode of 5 kW.</P>

심층신경망 딥러닝 모델을 통한 EDISON 시뮬레이션 실행시간 추정

박수호(Su-Ho Park),서영석(Young-Suk Seo),손준우(Jun-Woo Son),최지훈(Ji-Hun Choi),고석주(Seok-Joo Koh) 한국통신학회 2019 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2019 No.11

Changes in presenilin 2-binding Wnt proteins, behavior, amyloid-beta 42, gamma-secretase activity, and testosterone sensitivity in transgenic mice coexpressing tetracycline-controlled transactivator and human mutant presenilin 2.

Hwang, Dae Y,Cho, Jung S,Kim, Chuel K,Shim, Sun B,Jee, Seung W,Lee, Su H,Seo, Su J,Choi, Soo Y,Kim, Yong K Springer Science + Business Media 2006 NEUROMOLECULAR MEDICINE Vol. No.

<P>Nonregulatable promoters have been mainly used to produce transgenic mice that express the human genes for Alzheimer's disease (AD). The aim of this study was to produce doubly transgenic mice expressing the regulatable tet promoter-controlled transactivator (tTA) and human mutant presenilin 2 (N141I, hPS2m) genes in order to examine the AD-related phenotypes at the basal and inducible levels. To achieve this, the first lineage of the transgenic line, expressing Tet/tTA and the second lineage of transgenic mice, expressing Tet/hPS2m, were created, and the doubly transgenic mice were produced by crossing the Tet/tTA-transgenic mice with the Tet/hPS2m-transgenic mice. The doubly transgenic mice and nontransgenic littermates were then treated with or without doxycycline. The results showed that removing doxycycline from the transgenic mice resulted in the induction of the transgene, a Wnt signaling defect, behavioral impairment, elevated amyloid-beta-42 and gamma-secretase activity compared with in the group given doxycyline. Moreover, the expression levels of the hPS2m transgene decreased gradually in the transgenic males, with clear changes becoming apparent between 2 and 4 wk of age. Castrating these males resulted in an increased expression level of the hPS2m gene. This was restored to the normal levels by treatment with testosterone. Therefore, tetregulated transgenic mice can be used to examine the effect of the basal or inducible expression levels of hPS2m on the pathology of AD at the 'on/off' states at any stage of development.</P>

ZO-1 and -2 Are Required for TRPV1-Modulated Paracellular Permeability

Li, J.,Cong, X.,Zhang, Y.,Xiang, R.L.,Mei, M.,Yang, N.Y.,Su, Y.C.,Choi, S.,Park, K.,Zhang, L.W.,Wu, L.L.,Yu, G.Y. SAGE Publications 2015 Journal of dental research Vol.94 No.12

<P>The tight junction based paracellular pathway plays an important role in saliva secretion. Zonula occludens (ZO) proteins are submembranous proteins of tight junction complex; however, their function in salivary epithelium is poorly understood. Here, we found that activation of transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1 (TRPV I) by capsaicin increased rat saliva secretion both in vivo and ex vivo. Meanwhile, TRPV I activation enlarged the width of tight junctions between neighboring acinar cells, increased the paracellular flux of 4-kDa fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran in submandibular gland (SMG) tissues, and decreased transepithelial electric resistance (TER) in SMG-C6 cells. ZO-1, -2, and -3 were distributed principally to the apical lateral region of acinar cells in SMG tissues and continuously encircled the peripheries of SMG-C6 cells in the untreated condition. TRPV I activation obviously diminished ZO-1 and -2 staining, but not ZO-3 or f3-catenin, at the cell-cell contacts ex vivo and in vitro. Moreover, in untreated SMG-C6 cells, ZO-1 and -2 single or double knockdown by small interfering RNA (siRNA) increased the paracellular flux of 4-kDa FITC-dextran. In capsaicintreated cells, ZO-1 and -2 single or double knockdown abolished, whereas their re-expression restored, the capsaicin-induced increase in paracellular permeability. Furthermore, TRPV I activation increased RhoA activity, and inhibition of either RhoA or Rho kinase (ROCK) abolished the capsaicin-induced TER decrease as well as ZO-1 and -2 redistribution. These results indicate that ZO-1 and -2 play crucial roles in both basal salivary epithelial barrier function and TRPV I -modulated paracellular transport. RhoA-ROCK signaling pathway is responsible for TRPVI -modulated paracellular permeability as well as ZO-1 and -2 redistribution.</P>

京畿地域의 논 雜草 分布 및 群落變化에 關한 硏究

金熙東(Kim, H.D),朴仲洙(J.S. Park),徐光起(K.K. Su),文美華(M.H. Moon),趙英哲(Y.C. Jo),朴景烈(K.Y. Park),崔榮眞(Y.J. Choi),兪昶在(S.W. Shin),沈相雨(S.W. Shim),盧泳德(Y.D. Rho) 韓國雜草學會 1997 Weed&Turfgrass Science Vol.17 No.1

혈액투석 환자의 투석간 체중증가에 미치는 Angiotensin 전환효소 억제제의 효과

김미경(M . K . Kim),윤태득(T . D . Yoon),서달덕(D . D . Su),이진연(J . Y . Lee),김용근(Y . K . Kim),이형걸(H . G . Lee),김태익(T . Y . Kim),최영선(Y . S . Choi),공진민(J . M . Kong) 대한내과학회 1997 대한내과학회지 Vol.52 No.5

N/A Objective: To determine the efficacy of ACE inhibitor on reducing the interdialytic HW gain of patients on maintenance hemodialysis. Methods: A randomized, double blind, placebo controlled crossover study, consisting of one 4-week baseline period and two 4-week treatment periods, which were interposed by a 2-week washout period, was conducted on 21 non-diabetic ESI4D patients on hemodialysis. During the treatment periods, patients were given either fosinopril 10 mg/day or a placebo. Interdialytic BW gain was recorded during the study period and BUN, plasma Na, osmolarity and the agiotensin II level were measured at the end of the baseline and treatment periods. Results: Eight patients were excluded from the study due to incompliance to medication and 13 patients remained in the study. During the baseline period, no correlation was found between interdialytic weight gain and BUN, Na, osmolarity and angiotens in II. There was no difference in the interdialytic weight. increment between the fosinopril-treated (1.0±0.1kg/day, mean±SE) and placebo-treated period (1.0±0.1), The weight increment in both periods was significantly less than that in the baseline period (1.2±0.2), suggesting a psychological influence of both medications on thirst. However, in 8 patients who gained 1.0 kg/day or more during the baseline period, the interdialytic HW increment in fosinopril-treated period (1.3±0.1) was significantly less than that in the placebo period (1.4±0.1, p<0.05 by paired t test). Of these patients, 6 patients gained less and 2 patients showed no difference in the fosinopril period compared with the placebo period. Conclusion: ACE inhibitor may reduce interdialytic BW gain in hemodialysis patients with moderate to high interdialytic weight increment.