Antitumor effect of Careya arborea against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma with reference to lipid peroxidation and enzymatic and non enzymatic antioxidant system in Swiss albino mice

R Sambath Kumar,T Sivakumar,V Senthil,N Venkateswara Murthy,V Balasubramaniam,R Kanaga Sabi,R. Shanmuga Sundram,P Perumal,U K Mazumder,M Gupta 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2008 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.8 No.2

The methanol extract of stem barks of Careya arborea Roxb. (MECA) (Family- Myrtaceae) was evaluated for antitumor activity and antioxidant status against Ehrlich’s Ascites Carcinoma (EAC) bearing Swiss albino mice. After 24 h of tumor inoculation the MECA was administered at the doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight/mice/day for 14 days. After the last dose and 18 h fasting mice were sacrificed. The effect of MECA on the growth of transplantable murine tumor, life span of EAC bearing hosts, hematological profiles, serum and liver biochemical parameters were estimated. The MECA showed significant (P < 0.01) decrease in ascites volume, packed cell volume and viable cell count and prolonged the life span of EAC tumor bearing mice. Hematological profiles reverted to more or less normal levels in extract treated mice. The MECA also produced protective effect by decreasing the activity of serum enzymes, bilirubin and increase the protein and uric acid levels. MECA significantly (P < 0.05) decreased the levels of lipid peroxidation, while significantly (P < 0.05) increased the levels of glutathione content, vitamin C, vitamin E, superoxide dismutase and catalase CAT. The results indicate that MECA exhibited significant antitumor and antioxidant activity in EAC bearing mice. The methanol extract of stem barks of Careya arborea Roxb. (MECA) (Family- Myrtaceae) was evaluated for antitumor activity and antioxidant status against Ehrlich’s Ascites Carcinoma (EAC) bearing Swiss albino mice. After 24 h of tumor inoculation the MECA was administered at the doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight/mice/day for 14 days. After the last dose and 18 h fasting mice were sacrificed. The effect of MECA on the growth of transplantable murine tumor, life span of EAC bearing hosts, hematological profiles, serum and liver biochemical parameters were estimated. The MECA showed significant (P < 0.01) decrease in ascites volume, packed cell volume and viable cell count and prolonged the life span of EAC tumor bearing mice. Hematological profiles reverted to more or less normal levels in extract treated mice. The MECA also produced protective effect by decreasing the activity of serum enzymes, bilirubin and increase the protein and uric acid levels. MECA significantly (P < 0.05) decreased the levels of lipid peroxidation, while significantly (P < 0.05) increased the levels of glutathione content, vitamin C, vitamin E, superoxide dismutase and catalase CAT. The results indicate that MECA exhibited significant antitumor and antioxidant activity in EAC bearing mice.

A Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Legal and Environmental (PESTLE) approach for assessment of coastal zone management practice in India

R. Sridhar,V. Sachithanandam,T. Mageswaran,R. Purvaja,R. Ramesh,A. Senthil Vel,E. Thirunavukkarasu 한국행정학회 2016 International Review of Public Administration Vol.21 No.3

This article presents a comprehensive analysis of coastal zone management practice through a political, economic, social, technological, legal and environmental (PESTLE) approach and by reviewing relevant literature. Various geo-morphological features and coastal resources of India and major threats on coastal areas were highlighted. The article also highlights the transition of coastal zone management policies of India and their impacts on the coastal areas and ecosystems. Attempting to cite examples for the eff orts taken for environmental protection from historical past to the recent developing era, the article also describes the present framework and addresses the strengths and challenges and concludes with some suggestions for an eff ective coastal zone management in India.

Effect of graphene addition on the mechanical characteristics of AA7075 aluminium nanocomposites

R. Ranga Raj,J. Yoganandh,M. S. Senthil Saravanan,M. S. Senthil Saravanan,S. Sathiesh Kumar 한국탄소학회 2021 Carbon Letters Vol.31 No.1

Processing and characterization of graphene (Gr)-reinforced aluminium alloy 7075 (AA7075) microcomposites and nanocomposites are reported in this work. Composites are fabricated by mechanical alloying process at wet conditions. The bulk composites are prepared by uniaxial die pressing to get higher densification and sintered in an inert atmosphere. Density of the nanocomposites is higher than the microcomposites due to the reduction of grain size by increased milling time. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirms graphene interaction with the AA7075 matrix lattice spaces. The effective distribution of graphene with aluminium alloy is further confirmed by the Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) analysis. The hardness of the composites proportionally increases with the graphene addition owing to grain refinement. Wear morphology is characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). Microcomposites reveal abrasive and ploughing wear mechanism of material removal from the surface. Nanocomposites show adhesive wear with delamination and particle pull-out from the material surface.

Expression and functional characterization of pathogenesis-related protein family 10 gene, PgPR10-2, from Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer

Pulla, R.K.,Lee, O.R.,In, J.G.,Kim, Y.J.,Senthil, K.,Yang, D.C. Academic Press 2010 Physiological and molecular plant pathology Vol.74 No.5

A full-length sequence (PgPR10-2) of the most abundant transcript from 14-year-old ginseng EST library was isolated and cloned. PgPR10-2 gene encodes 465 bp open reading frame and its deduced protein contains 155 amino acids. Genomic DNA sequence reveals it contains two exons interrupted by one intron. Expression of PgPR10-2 gene was especially abundant in roots and its transcripts showed differentially upregulated patterns against several given pathogens and abiotic stimuli. Observed enhanced ribonuclease activity and antifungal activity from tobacco transgenic lines suggest that the possible involvement of PgPR10-2 in defense-related mechanism via ribonuclease activity against biotic and abiotic stresses.

Antitumor effect of Careya arborea against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma with reference to lipid peroxidation and enzymatic and non enzymatic antioxidant system in Swiss albino mice

Kumar, R Sambath,Sivakumar, T,Senthil, V,Murthy, N Venkateswara,Balasubramaniam, V,Sabi, R Kanaga,Sundram, R. Shanmuga,Perumal, P,Mazumder, U K,Gupta, M Kyung Hee Oriental Medicine Research Center 2008 Oriental pharmacy and experimental medicine Vol.8 No.2

The methanol extract of stem barks of Careya arborea Roxb. (MECA) (Family- Myrtaceae) was evaluated for antitumor activity and antioxidant status against Ehrlich's Ascites Carcinoma (EAC) bearing Swiss albino mice. After 24 h of tumor inoculation the MECA was administered at the doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight/mice/day for 14 days. After the last dose and 18 h fasting mice were sacrificed. The effect of MECA on the growth of transplantable murine tumor, life span of EAC bearing hosts, hematological profiles, serum and liver biochemical parameters were estimated. The MECA showed significant (P < 0.01) decrease in ascites volume, packed cell volume and viable cell count and prolonged the life span of EAC tumor bearing mice. Hematological profiles reverted to more or less normal levels in extract treated mice. The MECA also produced protective effect by decreasing the activity of serum enzymes, bilirubin and increase the protein and uric acid levels. MECA significantly (P < 0.05) decreased the levels of lipid peroxidation, while significantly (P < 0.05) increased the levels of glutathione content, vitamin C, vitamin E, superoxide dismutase and catalase CAT. The results indicate that MECA exhibited significant antitumor and antioxidant activity in EAC bearing mice.

Production based Scheduling Method for Linear Construction in Road Projects

S. R. Kannan,R. Senthil 대한토목학회 2014 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.18 No.5

Scheduling of road projects has always been a challenging endeavor in the construction industry as project durations are quite often unpredictable. It depends on the production rates of individual activities which are governed by factors such as availability of resources, environmental and geographical conditions. The current trend in road project scheduling is based on productivity of a certain item of work with a defined crew as resource. Practically, as these production rates are not achieved as per plan, an attempt has been made in this work to propose a simple model to estimate road project durations utilizing probable production rates of activities. A simulation model attempted to arrive at probable production rates of these activities has indicated a wide range of values that cannot lead to accurate time estimates. A more specific range of production rate estimates have been arrived adopting Delphi process to account for factors mainly within the purview of constructors. The basic framework for time estimates has been proposed by adopting Linear Scheduling Method (LSM) for scheduling due to limitations of network techniques in road works. A simple flowchart model of the time estimate method has been presented incorporating probable production rates defining crews and buffer distances.

Finite element analysis of functionally graded sandwich plates under nonlinear sense for aerospace applications

M.N.A. GulshanTaj,Anupam Chakrabarti,R. Malathy,S.R.R. Senthil Kumar 국제구조공학회 2021 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.80 No.3

Owing to the increase in demand for composite materials for different applications in aircraft structures, the nonlinear response of functionally graded ceramic-metal sandwich plates under mechanical loading is studied in the present research work. Geometric nonlinearity (GNL) is considered by Green-strain components and further assumes the form of von Kármán strains. It is ascertained that the effective mechanical properties vary through the thickness direction as a function of volume fraction of ceramic and metal constituents and obeys power law equation. Higher order displacement model proposed by Reddy is incorporated in the study to arrive for 2D isoparametric finite element C0 formulation. A nine node Lagrangian element is accomplished to model the assumed plate geometry. Different thickness schemes are proposed to model the sandwich plate with graded layer as core/ face sheets. Although the model can handle thickness scheme of any kind, results are exposed for four types of symmetric sandwich plates. Comparison statement between isotropic and graded plates is drawn in each case by appropriate selection of power law exponent value. The present investigation may be useful for design engineers/researchers to arrive for particular thickness scheme based on the results, while performing large deformation analysis of functionally graded sandwich plates (FGSP).

Optical characterization, absorption and upconversion luminescence in Er³⁺and Er³⁺/Yb³⁺doped In₂O₃ phosphor

Singh, Vijay,Seshadri, M.,Singh, N.,Pathak, M.S.,Kumaran, R. Senthil,Choi, Yong-Keun,Singh, Pramod K.,Dhoble, S.J.,Srivastava, Anoop K. Elsevier 2016 Journal of luminescence Vol.176 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Combustion derived In<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>:Er<SUP>3+</SUP>, co-doped with Yb<SUP>3+</SUP>phosphor powders have been prepared. Powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy methods are used to characterize the prepared phosphor powders. The intensity parameters (<I>Ω<SUB>λ</SUB> </I>, <I>λ</I>=2, 4 and 6), radiative transition probabilities (<I>A<SUB>R</SUB> </I>), radiative lifetime (<I>τ<SUB>R</SUB> </I>) and branching ratios (<I>β</I>) of certain emission transition of Er<SUP>3+</SUP>ions for In<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>:Er<SUP>3+</SUP>and In<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>:Er<SUP>3+</SUP>/Yb<SUP>3+</SUP>phosphors have been estimated in the framework of the model given by Judd–Ofelt. Upon excitation at 978nm, upconversion luminescence properties of Er<SUP>3+</SUP>and Er<SUP>3+</SUP>/Yb<SUP>3+</SUP>doped In<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> phosphors are investigated. The results obtained from optical study confirm the existence of an effective Yb<SUP>3+</SUP>to Er<SUP>3+</SUP>energy transfer process and it also predict possible mechanisms to populate the <SUP>4</SUP>S<SUB>3/2</SUB> and <SUP>4</SUP>F<SUB>9/2</SUB> levels. The possible upconversion mechanisms are discussed for Er<SUP>3+</SUP>and Yb<SUP>3+</SUP>ions with energy level diagram.</P>

A recent advancement on hydrothermal carbonization of biomass to produce hydrochar for pollution control

R. Sivaranjanee,P. Senthil Kumar,Gayathri Rangasamy 한국탄소학회 2023 Carbon Letters Vol.33 No.7

A thermochemical conversion method known as hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is appealing, because it may convert wet biomass directly into energy and chemicals without the need for pre-drying. The hydrochar solid product’s capacity to prepare precursors of activated carbon has attracted attention. HTC has been utilized to solve practical issues and produce desired carbonaceous products on a variety of generated wastes, including municipal solid waste, algae, and sludge in addition to the typically lignocellulose biomass used as sustainable feedstock. This study aims to assess the in-depth description of hydrothermal carbonization, highlighting the most recent findings with regard to the technological mechanisms and practical advantages. The process parameters, which include temperature, water content, pH, and retention time, determine the characteristics of the final products. The right setting of parameters is crucial, since it significantly affects the characteristics of hydrothermal products and opens up a range of opportunities for their use in multiple sectors. Findings reveal that the type of precursor, retention time, and temperature at which the reaction is processed were discovered to be the main determinants of the HTC process. Lower solid products are produced at higher temperatures; the carbon concentration rises, while the hydrogen and oxygen content declines. Current knowledge gaps, fresh views, and associated recommendations were offered to fully use the HTC technique's enormous potential and to provide hydrochar with additional useful applications in the future.

A critical review on biochar for environmental applications

R. Sivaranjanee,P. Senthil Kumar,Gayathri Rangasamy 한국탄소학회 2023 Carbon Letters Vol.33 No.5

Water contamination is one of the most pressing environmental issues of the present. There is a significant amount of interest in the slow pyrolysis of biomass to produce biochar, a solid byproduct that is stable and rich in carbon. Adsorbents manufactured from hydrochars, sometimes referred to as hydrochar created by hydrothermal methods, have been tested for the removal of possible contaminants from wastewater. The hydrothermal processes of hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) and liquefaction (HTL) yield hydrochars, a distinct category of biochar. Because of its peak efficiency, large surface area, large size of pore and capacity to regenerate, hydrochar is an acceptable option for the rehabilitation of a range of pollutants. The formation, activation, identification, and use of biochar and hydrochar were highlighted in this review. The physiochemical properties of the char produced by the two processes are very different, which has an impact on their potential uses in areas like wastewater pollution remediation, soil improvement, greenhouse gas emission and carbon sequestration among others.