http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
집단미술치료가 경도 지적장애 학생의 자기표현에 미치는 효과
The Effects of a Group Art Therapy about Mild Mentally Retarded student Self Expression 조선대학교 조형미술연구소 2009 조형미술논문집 Vol.9 No.2
This study purpose to check the effects, if any, a group art therapy on self-expression of mentally retarded student. Study subjects are 2 male students and 1 female student, who were receiving integrated education in K elementary school in G city, and who marked IQ58~69, SA7.42~9.50 and SQ82~98 in KEDI-WISC. They were offered with total 28 sessions of art therapy, two times a week during the period of April through July, 2006. Research instruments are measurements of self-expression. For data analysis, change in acquired points is recorded through the sessions as self-expression and behavior observation measurements. To check if the data collected have any significance, individual points are compared. The study results are as follows. A group art therapy shows positive effects to help mentally retarded adolescents improve self-expression. Before the therapy, they used only a few words doing basic communication such as 'greetings' and 'answering'. As the session go by , however, they express more autonomous communication, such as 'explaining', 'telling opinions about things and behaviors', and draw some discussions such as 'waiting for turns to talk'. These result show that a group art therapy proves to be effective in enhancing self-expression and peer relations of mentally retarded student, by providing them with various art media and chance to work with others in which they can make their desires satisfied, self expression improved, and try to understand and accept feelings of other group members while interacting with them. Keywords 집단미술치료, 경도 지적장애아, 자기표현
Elsevier 2019 Design studies Vol.63 No.-
<P>We investigate how stakeholder expertise influences design interpretation derived from intent communication through conceptual design representations. Four types of design sketch are used as stimuli to gather responses from three stakeholder groups: Designers, Managers, Engineers. Physical response derived from an eye-tracking study, together with self-report responses gathered through a card-sorting exercise using semantic differentials, is subjected to qualitative and statistical analysis. Results indicate how expertise implicated response to design intent expressed through the ambiguity of sketch representations, significant differences towards graphic elements of the sketch stimuli, and how stakeholder expertise (i.e. Design, Manager, Engineer) implicated comprehension. Findings are discussed in terms implications for understanding the role and use of sketches in the communication of intent during conceptual design ideation.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Designers are less challenged in interpreting design intent in ambiguous sketches. </LI> <LI> Designers pay more attention to visual elements of design sketches. </LI> <LI> Managers are more attentive to systemic and diagrammatic elements of design sketches. </LI> <LI> Norms and conventions of solution representation implicate stakeholder comprehension. </LI> </UL> </P>
Diseases Associated with International Travel
Self, L.S. INSTITUTE OF TROPICAL MEDICINE YONSEI UNIVERSITY 1984 YONSEI REPORTS ON TROPICAL MEDICINE Vol.15 No.1
最近 國際旅行의 頻度가 잦아지고 그 範圍가 擴大됨에 따라 疾病의 國際的 擴散이 增加一路에 있음을 알 수 잇다. 過去 십어년간 飛行旅客의 數는 西太平洋地域 國家中에는 十培以上으로 增加된 나라도 있었다. 「콜레라」나 「시겔라症」과 같은 어떤 疾患들은 感染된 後 病原體의 潛伏期間동안 世界를 여러번 一週하게 될 정도로 交通手段이 예전에 비하여 빨라졌다. 또하 航空이던 海上이던 陸路이던 어떤 交通手段을 通하여서이고 實際 病院媒介體인 모기나 齧齒類들을 다른 곳으로 옮길 수 있는 可能性도 있다. 가장 큰 관심사는 「말라리아」의 媒介體인 모기가 위 交通手段에 便乘하여 「말라리아」 非蔓延地域에 流入되는 것이다. 一般大衆이나 醫學界從事者들로서는 國際旅行의 公衆保健學的 有意點을 認識시키고, 떠나거나 現地에 到着된 旅行者들에게도 보다 效果的인 事前敎育과 檢疫이 必要할 것이다. 한 國家에서 다른 國家로 疾病이 流入傳播됨을 豫防한다는 立場은 國家保健政策的인 面 이외에도 交通機關이나 貿易 및 觀光事業등에 從事하는 이들의 關心事가 되어야 할 것이다. In recent years, it has become apparent that the remarkable growth of travel has increased in risk of the international spread of disease. The volume of airline passengers recorded in some countries of the Western Pacific Region has increased ten-fold or more within the past decade. Such is the speed of air travel that it is now possible to fly incubation period of some diseases, such as cholera and shigellosis. All means of conveyance whether by air, sea or land have been held responsible for the inadvertent transport of a variety of mosquitos and rodents, which are potential vectors of malaria may be introduced and established in non-malarious countries and areas of the Pacific islands. The education of the general public and the medical professtion regarding the health implications of international travel, both for departing and returning travellers, should therefore be made more effective. Prevention of the spared of disease from one country to another should concern not only the national health services but also agencies involved in transport, trade and tourism.