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Ko, Young San,Cho, Sung Jin,Park, Jinju,Kim, Younghoon,Choi, Yong Joon,Pyo, Jung-Soo,Jang, Bo Gun,Park, Jong-Wan,Kim, Woo Ho,Lee, Byung Lan Nature Publishing Group 2015 The British journal of cancer Vol. No.
<P><B>Background:</B></P><P>The biological significance of FOXO1, a member of the forkhead box O transcription factor family, in gastric cancer (GC) remains unclear. The present study provides direct evidence of the role of FOXO1 in tumour growth and metastasis of GC in relation to human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2).</P><P><B>Methods:</B></P><P>The expressions of FOXO1 and HER2 were modulated in GC cell lines (SNU-638, MKN45, SNU-216 and NCI-N87) by stable transfections. The effects of transfection on GC phenotypes were evaluated <I>in vitro</I> and in animal models. In addition, the relationship between FOXO1 and HER2 was analysed using GC clinical specimens, cell lines and xenografts.</P><P><B>Results:</B></P><P>FOXO1 silencing in GC cells increased colony formation and mesenchymal transition <I>in vitro</I>, as well as tumour growth and metastasis in nude mice, whereas HER2 silencing induced the opposite results.. Furthermore, an inverse relationship between FOXO1 and HER2 was found in clinical specimens of GC, GC cells and GC xenograft tumours. Although a negative crosstalk between these two molecules was shown, double knockdown of both FOXO1 and HER2 in GC cells revealed that HER2 silencing reversed the FOXO1 shRNA-induced migration and invasion even without the FOXO1 restoration.</P><P><B>Conclusions:</B></P><P>Our results indicate that loss of FOXO1 promotes GC growth and metastasis by upregulating HER2 expression and that the HER2 expression is more critical to the induction of GC cell metastasis. The present study provides evidence that the FOXO1/HER2 pathway may regulate GC progression in a subgroup of GC patients.</P>
Structural Object Recognition Using Entropy Correspondence Measure of Line Features
KO, San,LEE, Kyoung Mu The Institute of Electronics, Information and Comm 2008 IEICE transactions on information and systems Vol.91 No.1
<P>In this paper we propose an efficient line feature-based 2D object recognition algorithm using a novel entropy correspondence measure (ECM) that encodes the probabilistic similarity between two line feature sets. Since the proposed ECM-based method uses the whole structural information of objects simultaneously for matching, it overcomes the common drawbacks of the conventional techniques that are based on feature to feature correspondence. Moreover, since ECM is endowed with probabilistic attribute, it shows quite robust performance in the noisy environment. In order to enhance the recognition performance and speed, line features are pre-clustered into several groups according to their inclination by an eigen analysis, and then ECM is applied to each corresponding group individually. Experimental results on real images demonstrate that the proposed algorithm has superior performance to those of the conventional algorithms in both the accuracy and the computational efficiency, in the noisy environment.</P>
Majority gate logic using current-induced magnetic domain wall motion
San Ko,Geun-Hee Lee,Byong-Guk Park,Kab-Jin Kim 한국자기학회 2021 한국자기학회 학술연구발표회 논문개요집 Vol.31 No.1
Existing computing technology is based on von Neumann architecture which is composed of memory unit for storing information and processing unit for performing logic operation. As the memory and processor are physically separated, data transfer between them consumes a substantial energy and time, which is known as von Neuman bottleneck. One way to overcome this bottleneck is to combine the memory and processor in a single space. This so-called processor in memory (PiM) technology will improve the performance of computer dramatically [1]. In this presentation, we propose a majority gate logic that utilizes the current-induced magnetic domain walls (DWs) motion, which can directly be connected to the DW-based racetrack memory [2,3,4] to build PiM. We use cross-wire geometry having four discrete branches, of which three branches are inputs and the other branch is output, and demonstrate that the cross-wire performs as majority gate by using micromagnetic simulations. The DWs created at the input branches are moved by current-induced spin orbit torque [5,6] and are congregated at the cross, from which the majority of the inputs are ejected to the output branches. This majority gates operates as AND, OR, NAND, NOR logic operations by properly selecting the inputs. In addition to the simulation, we also experimentally verify the DW-based majority gate in Co/Pt microwires. The current-driven DW motion and its logic operation is successfully demonstrated in Co/Pt cross-wire, suggesting that the majority gate is experimentally achievable.
고산(San Ko),이근희(Geun-Hee Lee),김갑진(Kab-Jin Kim),박병국(Byong-Guk Park) 한국자기학회 2021 韓國磁氣學會誌 Vol.31 No.5
We propose a universal spintronic logic device based on the current-induced magnetic domain wall (DW) motion. The majority gating operation is demonstrated by micromagnetic simulation using spin-orbit torque (SOT)-driven DW motion in Hall bar structures with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. The logic gates including AND, OR, NAND, NOR are demonstrated, indicating the universality of DW majority gate. The simulation is partially confirmed by experiment, in which we found that the asymmetry in DW motion induced by Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction or local Oersted field can cause the device malfunction. Our result suggests that the DW motion can be used not only in memory device but also in logic device, which could be useful in future processing-in-memory computing technology.
노후 집합주거단지 재생을 위한 공동주택 리모델링 계획요소와 중요도 분석
고산화(Ko San Hwa),박태원(Park Tae Won) 도시정책학회 2016 도시부동산연구 Vol.7 No.3
The majority of Apartment in Korea were supplied massively constructing new town in the mid 80s. The apartment houses constructed during this time are rapidly becoming obsolete. Furthermore, it is predicted that the necessity and revitalization of remodeling apartments will increase in the future. This study is aimed to analyze the remodeling planning factors of the deteriorated apartment houses and selecting priorities as a type of urban regeneration. For consumer focused remodeling, I have investigated remodeling planning factors and selecting priorities, and managed to present political subjects and directions to revitalization of remodeling apartments. This study has divided the interested parties related to the remodeling apartment house project into 4 different categories; residents, public institutions, private enterprises, academic community. And these 4 subcategories have been compared and analyzed their respective priorities in regards to remodeling planning factor of the deteriorated apartment house. The first priority of residents and private enterprises is economic feasibility. This differs from public institutions and the academic community’s preference of stability. These parties had wide gaps in regards to their second priority. Residents and private enterprises choose stability, while public institutions sway towards space application, and the academic community tends to choose the overall publicness of a building. It has derived the result reflected the importance and the priority of remodeling planning factor each interested parties considers. Stability was the first priority, followed by economic feasibility, space application, and publicness. The aggregate of these results have a significant influence into the required material necessary for future remodeling apartment projects.
Young San Ko,Hee-Jin Yang,Young-Je Son,Sung Bae Park,이상형,정영섭 대한신경손상학회 2018 Korean Journal of Neurotrauma Vol.14 No.2
Cranial nerve palsies are relatively common after trauma, but trochlear nerve palsy is relatively uncommon. Although traumatic trochlear nerve palsy is easy to diagnose clinically because of extraocular movement disturbances, radiologic evaluations of this condition are diffcult to perform because of the nerve’s small size. Here, we report the case of a patient withdelayed traumatic trochlear nerve palsy associated with a traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and the related radiological fndings, as obtained with high-resolution three-dimensional (3D) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A 63-yearold woman was brought to the emergency room after a minor head trauma. Neurologic examinations did not reveal anyfocal neurologic defcits. Brain computed tomography showed a traumatic SAH at the left ambient cistern. The patientcomplained of vertical diplopia at 3 days post-trauma. Ophthalmologic evaluations revealed trochlear nerve palsy on theleft side. High-resolution 3D MRI, performed 20 days post-trauma, revealed continuity of the trochlear nerve and its abutted course by the posterior cerebral artery branch at the brain stem. Chemical irritation due to the SAH and the abuttingnerve course were considered causative factors. The trochlear nerve palsy completely resolved during follow-up. This caseshows the usefulness of high-resolution 3D MRI for evaluating trochlear nerve palsy