Efficacy of Auxiliary Traits in Estimation of Breeding Value of Sires for Milk Production

Sahana, G.,Gurnani, M. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1999 Animal Bioscience Vol.12 No.4

Data pertaining to 1111 first lactation performance record of Karan Fries (Holstein-Friesian $\times$ Zebu) cows spread over a period of 21 years and sired by 72 bulls were used to examine the efficiency of sire indices for lactation milk production using auxiliary traits. First lactation length, first service period, first calving interval, first dry period and age at first calving were considered as auxiliary traits. The efficiency of this method was compared with simple daughter average index (D), contemporary comparison method (CC), least-square method (LSQ), simplified regressed least-squares method (SRLS) and best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) for lactation milk production. The relative efficiency of sire evaluation methods using one auxiliary trait was lower (24.2-32.8%) in comparison to CC method, the most efficient method observed in this study. Use of two auxiliary traits at a time did not further improve the efficiency. The auxiliary sire indices discriminate better among bulls as the range of breeding values were higher in these methods in comparison to conventional sire evaluation methods. The rank correlation between breeding values estimated using auxiliary traits were high (0.77-0.78) with CC method. The rank correlation among auxiliary sire indices ranged from 0.98 to 0.99, indicating similar ranking of sire for breeding values of milk production in all the auxiliary sire indices.

Evaluation of Rainfall Forecasts by Three Mesoscale Models during the Mei-yu Season of 2008 in Taiwan. Part I: Subjective Comparison

Sahana Paul,Chung-Chieh Wang,Li-Shan Tseng,이동인,Jing-Shan Hong,Tzay-Ming Leou 한국기상학회 2021 Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Vol.57 No.4

This study assesses relative merit of three mesoscale models – the Cloud-Resolving Storm Simulator (CReSS), the Central Weather Bureau (CWB) Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model, and the CWB Non-hydrostatic Forecast System (NFS) – that participated in the Southwest Monsoon Experiment (SoWMEX) in 2008. The Mei-yu quantitative precipitation forecasts (QPFs) in May–June of the three models are compared against merged data from ~400 rain gauges and the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM). The three models have a grid size of 3.5 or 5 km, and their QPFs over the forecast range of 12–36 h are verified by subjective means, with particular foci on rainfall spatial pattern, intra-seasonal variability, and diurnal cycle during the entire season, its sub-periods, and Intensive Observation Periods (IOPs). The three models each has advantages and disadvantages. The CReSS performs best in seasonal and diurnal characteristics of rainfall. Despite higher resolution, it suffers from over-forecast and location error problems. Without a data assimilation system, its single domain with a limited size fabricates it more sensitive to errors in initial and boundary conditions (IC/BCs) from the global model. Although theCWBWRF is most stable among three and performs well in simulating spatial distribution of rainfall, it exhibits under-prediction with an inadequate intra-seasonal variation. In both the entire period and IOPs, the CWB NFS simulates rainfall pattern closest to observation with only slight under-prediction. However, the diurnal cycle captured by the CWB NFS has a phase lag of 12 h and thus a timing error that is likely associated with delayed development of convection due to systematic bias.

Multi-criteria Vertical Handoff Decision Algorithm Using Hierarchy Modeling and Additive Weighting in an Integrated WLAN/WiMAX/UMTS Environment- A Case Study

( Sahana Bhosale ),( Rohin Daruwala ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2014 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.8 No.1

Multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) algorithms play an important role in ensuring quality of service in an integrated HetNets (Heterogeneous Networks). The primary objective of this paper is to develop a multi-criteria vertical handoff decision algorithm (VHDA) for best access network selection in an integrated Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN)/ Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS)/ Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) system. The proposed design consists of two parts, the first part is the evaluation of an Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to decide the relative weights of handoff decision criteria and the second part computes the final score of the weights to rank network alternatives using Simple Additive Weighting (SAW). SAW ranks the network alternatives in a faster and simpler manner than AHP. The AHP-SAW mathematical model has been designed, evaluated and simulated for streaming video type of traffic. For other traffic type, such as conversational, background and interactive, only simulation results have been discussed and presented in brief. Simulation results reveal that the hierarchical modelling and computing provides optimum solution for access network selection in an integrated environment as obtained results prove to be an acceptable solution to what could be expected in real life scenarios.

Assessing land transformation and its relation with land surface temperature in Mumbai city, India using geospatial techniques

Mehebub Sahana,Shyamal Dutta,Haroon Sajjad 서울시립대학교 도시과학연구원 2019 도시과학국제저널 Vol.23 No.2

Land transformation as a result of unprecedented urbanization has introduced changes in local climate and surface energy budget. Land surface temperature (LST) is an important factor influencing local climate and ecology. Mumbai being second largest populated city is experiencing significant changes in land use/land cover (LULC) and surface energy fluxes. Hence, the main objective of the study is to assess the spatial variation in land surface temperature due to land use/land cover change. Several indices like; Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), normalized difference moisture index (NDMI), modified normalized difference water index (MNDWI) and normalized difference built up index (NDBI) were derived to validate the spatial variability of LST in different land use/land cover classes. The study utilized Landsat5/TM and Landsat8/TIRS data for assessing land transformation and its relation with LST in Mumbai city. January, June and October months of three time series 1990, 2000 and 2015 were chosen as representative of three seasons to analyze variation in LST. Pixel to pixel overlay analysis for different indices and LST was carried out to examine the relation of LST with different indices. The study revealed the maximum change in LST was recorded during the month of June over the study period. Land transformation from vegetation and agricultural land to urban built up has been found to be the main cause of increased LST in the study area. The finding of the study may help in promulgating sustainable urban land use policies and avoiding the effect of urban heat island.

Synthesis, Docking Study and In-vitro Evaluation of Anti-Tuberculosis Activity of Tri Substituted Imidazoles Containing Quinoline Moiety

S. Sahana,G. R. Vijayakumar,R. Sivakumar,D. Sriram,D. V. Saiprasad 대한화학회 2022 대한화학회지 Vol.66 No.3

A simple, efficient, and cost-effective method has been employed for the synthesis of 2,4,5-trisubstituted imidazole derivatives (3a-j) containing quinoline substituent at 2nd position. Title compounds were obtained by multicomponent reaction (MCR), involving aryl substituted 1,2-diketone, quinoline carbaldehyde and ammonium acetate in the presence of acetic acid solvent under mild reaction conditions. The newly synthesized quinoline containing imidazole derivatives were confirmed through FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and mass spectral analysis. In-vitro microplate alamar blue assay (MABA) to determine the MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) values against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv was performed for the synthesized compounds. The synthesized compounds exhibited activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and among which compounds, 3d, 3f and 3i showed good activity. The highest activity was showed with compound 3i. The anti-mycobacterial activity results are well correlated with the computational molecular docking analysis, which was performed for the synthesized compounds prior to the evaluation of the activity.

Driving force for forest fragmentation explored by land use change in Song watershed, India

Mehebub Sahana,Raihan Ahmed,Purva Jain,Haroon Sajjad 대한공간정보학회 2016 Spatial Information Research Vol.24 No.6

This study attempts to assess forest fragmentation and degradation in response to land use/land cover changes in Song watershed, India during 1998–2014. Landsat TM and Landsat 8 OLI satellite data across two dates (1998 and 2014) were used to analyze land use/land cover change and its impact on forest cover. The extent of forest degradation was analyzed using fragmentation model. Four categories of disturbance viz. core, perforated, edge and patch were obtained using 200 meters edge width. The result shows overall decrease of 7% in area under forest over 16 years. Area under open forest, mixed land use/land cover I (agriculture, forest and built up) and mixed land use/land cover III (agriculture and built up) has significantly increased while area under dense forest has decreased during the study period. Fragmentation model revealed lots of disturbance in forest located in mixed land use/land cover areas. Perforated and patch classes of forest have experienced a significant increase in their respective areas while core area has decreased at the expense of other fragmentation classes. Degradation of forest occurred at large scale at Hrishikesh and Thano forest ranges of Dehradun district and Gadol range in Tehri Garhwal district lying in the watershed. Rishikesh city in Dehradun district located in southern part of watershed recorded increase in patches due to developmental activities. Remote sensing and fragmentation model showed their effectiveness in analyzing forest degradation and monitoring the health of the forest in the watershed.

Effect of hybrid fibers on tension stiffening of reinforced geopolymer concrete

Ganesan, N.,Sahana, R.,Indira, P.V. Techno-Press 2017 Advances in concrete construction Vol.5 No.1

An experimental work was carried out to study the effect of hybrid fiber on the tension stiffening and cracking characteristics of geopolymer concrete (GPC). A total of 24 concentrically reinforced concrete specimens were cast and tested under uniaxial tension. The grade of concrete considered was M40. The variables mainly consist of the volume fraction of crimped steel fibers (0.5 and 1.0%) and basalt fibers (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3%). The load deformation response was recorded using LVDT's. At all the stages of loading after the first cracking, crack width and crack spacing were measured. The addition of fibers in hybrid form significantly improved the tension stiffening effect. In this study, the combination of 0.5% steel fiber and 0.2% basalt fiber gave a better comparison than the other combinations.

Assessing the changes in climate extremes over Karbi Anglong district of Assam, North-East India

Datta Pritha,Bose Sahana 대한공간정보학회 2020 Spatial Information Research Vol.28 No.5

The changes in the climate extremes are not only an important indicator of climate change but also their spatio-temporal pattern influences the occurrence of droughts, floods, soil erosion, landslides as well as the livelihoods of the human beings. Therefore the present study tries to investigate recent changes in climate extremes using eight indices developed by the Expert Team on Climate Change Detection and Indices for the Karbi Anglong district of Assam situated in North-East India. This district has gone through several changes in the land use and land cover which is one of the significant factors for bringing changes in the regional climatic conditions. A non-parametric Mann–Kendall test, Modified Mann–Kendall test and Theil–Sen’s slope estimator are used to analyze the trends and trend magnitudes of the extreme indices of temperature and precipitation. The results show that there is an increase in the frequency of the warm days and nights, along with the presence of long dry spells, increasing extreme precipitation events with high intensity throughout the district for a period of 35 years. These changes in the climate extremes can have severe impacts on the availability of water resources which can affect the agricultural activities and reduce the availability of drinking water facilities for the tribal communities.

Assessing anthropogenic disturbance on forest health based on fragment grading in Durgapur Forest Range, West Bengal, India

Shyamal Dutta,Mehebub Sahana,Sanat Kumar Guchhait 대한공간정보학회 2017 Spatial Information Research Vol.25 No.3

With the increasing degradation and encroachment of natural landscape environmentalists are now highly concerned with declining forest cover as well as increasing forest fragmentation at different scales across the world for last several decades. Considering the major fourfold effect of forest fragmentation i.e., reduction in habitat area, increased number of fragmented habitats, decrease in area coverage of habitat patch and increased number of isolated patches forest fragmentation is recognized as a major threat to forest ecosystems. Indicators of forest fragmentation are thereby gaining gradual importance at national and international environmental programs. But Spatio-temporal change of forest cover using forest fragmentation along with incorporation of population growth and associated anthropogenic intervention, at a micro-spatial scale has become the major thrust area in the present study. Kanksa is one of the few forest dominated block in Barddhaman District mostly affected by the rapid population growth, land use change in terms of increase in irrigated area as well as agricultural land, rapid urbanization in the last three decades. Present study focuses on forest fragmentation and spatio-temporal dynamics of forest cover from the beginning of 1990s up to present using geospatial techniques.

An Adaptive Cloud Service Observation using Billboard Manager Cloud Monitoring Tool

Rajesh Bose,Sudipta Sahana,Debabrata Sarddar 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Software Engineering and Vol.9 No.7

Tracking of Quality of Service (QoS) parameters in real-time within a cloud computing system is a major challenge as it involves monitoring each every resource parameter. Such resources may constitute virtual machines, storage devices, network equipment, allied appliances, etc. Examination of physical resources being used to host the virtualized systems is often required on a continuous basis. This is important as virtualized systems also share physical resources among themselves. To monitor resources and services, we introduce a new monitoring tool named Billboard Manager Cloud Monitoring Tool (BMCMT) running on our proposed Billboard Manager system. Through this system, a cloud system administrator is apprised of the status of virtual machines that are running within the cloud system. The Billboard Manager keeps a continuous watch on all the parameters of every virtual machine and physical resource registered with it. At preset intervals, the proposed BMCMT would automatically send reports to the administrators. Every cloud system administrator is provided web login user identification. Should an administrator find it necessary to carry out any activity pertaining to any resource, using the constantly Billboard Manager refreshed hyperlinks on the web page the administrator can access the appropriate management console for further action.