High efficiency electrospun TiO2nanofiber based hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite solar cell

Dharani, Sabba,Mulmudi, Hemant Kumar,Yantara, Natalia,Thu Trang, Pham Thi,Park, Nam Gyu,Graetzel, Michael,Mhaisalkar, Subodh,Mathews, Nripan,Boix, Pablo P. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Nanoscale Vol.6 No.3

The good electrical and morphological characteristics of TiO2 nanofibers and the high extinction coefficient of CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite are combined to obtain a solar cell with a power conversion efficiency of 9.8%. The increase of the film thickness dramatically diminishes the performance due to the reduction in porosity of the TiO2 nanofiber framework. The optimum device (similar to 413 nm film thickness) is compared to a planar device, where the latter produces higher V-oc but lower J(sc), and consequently lower efficiency at all measured light intensities.

Scoring systems for the management of oncological hepato-pancreato-biliary patients

Alexander W. Coombs,Chloe Jordan,Sabba A. Hussain,Omar Ghandour 한국간담췌외과학회 2022 Annals of hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery Vol.26 No.1

Oncological scoring systems in surgery are used as evidence-based decision aids to best support management through assessing prognosis, effectiveness and recurrence. Currently, the use of scoring systems in the hepato-pancreato-biliary (HPB) field is limited as concerns over precision and applicability prevent their widespread clinical implementation. The aim of this review was to discuss clinically useful oncological scoring systems for surgical management of HPB patients. A narrative review was conducted to appraise oncological HPB scoring systems. Original research articles of established and novel scoring systems were searched using Google Scholar, PubMed, Cochrane, and Ovid Medline. Selected models were determined by authors. This review discusses nine scoring systems in cancers of the liver (CLIP, BCLC, ALBI Grade, RETREAT, Fong’s score), pancreas (Genç’s score, mGPS), and biliary tract (TMHSS, MEGNA). Eight models used exclusively objective measurements to compute their scores while one used a mixture of both subjective and objective inputs. Seven models evaluated their scoring performance in external populations, with reported discriminatory c-statistic ranging from 0.58 to 0.82. Selection of model variables was most frequently determined using a combination of univariate and multivariate analysis. Calibration, another determinant of model accuracy, was poorly reported amongst nine scoring systems. A diverse range of HPB surgical scoring systems may facilitate evidence-based decisions on patient management and treatment. Future scoring systems need to be developed using heterogenous patient cohorts with improved stratification, with future trends integrating machine learning and genetics to improve outcome prediction.

An approach to a novel modelling of structural reinforced glass beams in modern material components

Foti, Dora,Carnimeo, Leonarda,Lerna, Michela,Sabba, Maria Francesca Techno-Press 2022 Advances in computational design Vol.7 No.3

In modern buildings, glass is considered a structurally unsafe material due to its brittleness and unpredictable failure behavior. The possible use of structural glass elements (i.e., floors, beams and columns) is generally prevented by its poor tensile strength and a frequent occurrence of brittle failures. In this study an innovative modelling based on an equivalent thickness concept of laminated glass beam reinforced with FRP (Fiber Reinforced Polymer) composite material and of glass plates punched is presented. In particular, the novel numerical modelling applied to an embedding Carbon FRP-rod in the interlayer of a laminated structural glass beam is considered in order to increase both its failure strength, together with its post-failure strength and ductility. The proposed equivalent modelling of different specimens enables us to carefully evaluate the effects of this reinforcement. Both the responses of the reinforced beam and un-reinforced one are evaluated, and the corresponding results are compared and discussed. A novel equivalent modelling for reinforced glass beams using FRP composites is presented for FEM analyses in modern material components and proved estimations of the expected performance are provided. Moreover, the new suggested numerical analysis is also applied to laminated glass plates with wide holes at both ends for the technological reasons necessary to connect a glass beam to a structure. Obtained results are compared with an integer specimen. Experimental considerations are reported.

A Serial Biofiltration System for Effective Removal of Low-Concentration Nitrous Oxide in Oxic Gas Streams: Mathematical Modeling of Reactor Performance and Experimental Validation

Yoon, Hyun,Song, Min Joon,Kim, Daehyun D.,Sabba, Fabrizio,Yoon, Sukhwan American Chemical Society 2019 Environmental science & technology Vol.53 No.4

<P>Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are among the major anthropogenic sources of N<SUB>2</SUB>O, a major greenhouse gas and ozone-depleting agent. We recently devised a zero-energy zero-carbon biofiltration system easily applicable to activated sludge-type WWTPs and performed lab-scale proof-of-concept experiments. The major drawback of the system was the diminished performance observed when fully oxic gas streams were treated. Here, a serial biofiltration system was tested as a potential improvement. A laboratory system with three serially positioned biofilters, each receiving a separate feed of artificial wastewater, was fed N<SUB>2</SUB>O-containing gas streams of varied flow rates (200-2000 mL·min<SUP>-1</SUP>) and O<SUB>2</SUB> concentrations (0-21%). Use of the serial setup substantially improved the reactor performance. Fed fully oxic gas at a flow rate of 1000 mL·min<SUP>-1</SUP>, the system removed N<SUB>2</SUB>O at an elimination capacity of 0.402 ± 0.009 g N<SUB>2</SUB>O·m<SUP>-3</SUP>·h<SUP>-1</SUP> (52.5% removal), which was approximately 2.4-fold higher than that achieved with a single biofilter, 0.171 ± 0.024 g N<SUB>2</SUB>O·m<SUP>-3</SUP>·h<SUP>-1</SUP>. These data were used to validate the mathematical model developed to estimate the performance of the N<SUB>2</SUB>O biofiltration system. The Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency indices ranged from 0.78 to 0.93, confirming high predictability, and the model provided mechanistic insights into aerobic N<SUB>2</SUB>O removal and the performance enhancement achieved with the serial configuration.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>

Genetic and phenotypic diversity in Solanum lycopersicum genotypes: insights from morpho-molecular and biochemical analyses

Khan Tamana,Rashid Rizwan,Shah Labiba,Afroza Baseerat,Khan Sabba,Bhat Mohd. Ashraf,Alwutayd Khairiah Mubarak,Mahajan Reetika,정용석,Mansoor Sheikh,Sun Hyeon-Jin 한국식물생명공학회 2024 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.18 No.2

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) crop is well-known for its versatility worldwide and is also recognized as model species used extensively for various genetic studies. The aim of this research was to investigate both inter and intra-genetic diversity present among various tomato genotypes. This investigation was carried out through a comprehensive analysis encompass- ing morphological observations, biochemical assessments, and the utilization of SSR markers. A total of 15 discrete agro- morphological traits and six biochemical traits were undertaken in the current study for evaluating the analysis of variance, genetic parameters and correlation. The analysis of variance indicated significant differences across genotypes for all 15 agro-morphological traits and 6 biochemical traits tested, indicating that the experimental material included considerable vari- ability. Morphological clustering divided the genotypes into 2 clusters and the genotype wise distance matrix was obtained to identify the most diverse genotypes. PCA analysis was conducted to understand the directive relation of traits and magnitude of variability contributed by them. SSR profiling with 24 primers identified 44 alleles with 1.83 as mean number of alleles/ SSR with an average PIC value of 0.31. Structure analysis revealed two sub-populations (K = 2). The AMOVA indicated that 98% of the total variation was present within populations. This study presents a roadmap for composing future breeding strategies for integrating desirable traits in novel tomato lines that combine robustness and nutritive value.