Adoption of information and communication technologies (ICTs) by local emergency management agencies in the United States

Eliot A. Jennings,Sudha Arlikatti,SIMON A. ANDREW,김경우 한국행정학회 2017 International Review of Public Administration Vol.22 No.2

Although local emergency management agencies are increasingly using various technologies to improve disaster management, little research provides an understanding of the linkages between Information and Communication Technology (ICT) use and independent IT departments. Using a survey of local emergency managers in the United States of America, this study focuses on the relationship between the presence of an independent IT department within an emergency management agency and their adoption of three types of ICTs – emergency operations, risk communication, and social media technologies. The findings indicate that emergency management agencies are more likely to use all three types of ICTs when an independent IT department exists in-house. On the other hand, challenges of the ever changing ICTs are alleviated when there is no designated IT department. Implications for practice with regards to reducing barriers to ICT use for emergency management are discussed.

The Role of Government Initiatives in Building Open Innovation System

( Kyujin Jung ),( Simon A. Andrew ) 한국정책학회 2014 International Journal of Policy Studies Vol.5 No.1

While much has been written about the importance of open innovation and R&D collaboration, few have explored firms` motivation to support open innovation system (OIS). As a platform for promoting joint R&D activities, OIS provides important clues for our understanding of regional governance. However, small and medium enterprises (SMEs) can adopt an absorption strategy in the market or freely ride on competitors` technology spillover instead of creating new products and sharing product innovation. Employing the data from Seoul Development Institute, this research tests three hypotheses among 336 SME in light of a regional open R&D initiative recently introduced by the Seoul metropolitan government. The findings suggest that SMEs without pre-existing R&D collaboration are more likely to support the OIS initiative if they perceived a greater need for managerial supports, whereas SMEs with R&D collaboration are more likely to support the OIS initiative when expressed higher importance on infrastructure supports.

Population Genetics and Disease Ecology of Mosquito Species in Galapagos

Bataille Arnaud,Andrew A. Cunningham,Simon J. Goodman 한국응용곤충학회 2012 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2012 No.05

The introduction of new pathogens and disease vectors has been recognized as a major threat to Galapagos Island biodiversity. Here I focus on mosquito species of the Galapagos archipelago, using population genetic and phylogenetic data to understand their historical and current population dynamics. I show that two mosquito species found in the archipelago have very different historical and contemporary evolutionary histories: one species, Aedes taeniorhynchus, naturally colonized the archipelago 200,000yrs ago and is now found widely in the islands, having adapted and spread to a range of different habitats. It has also changed its feeding-behaviour and now frequently feeds on reptiles in addition to mammals, unlike the continental progenitor populat ions. These properties potentially make Aedes taeniorhynchus a key bridge-vector in the archipelago for any new invading mosquito borne diseases. In contrast, I show that Culex quinquefasciatus, a major vector of diseases such as West Nile virus and avian malaria, has been introduced on multiple occasions since 1985 via human transportation networks and that its distribution and movement in the archipelago depend greatly on human activities. These two species might play an important role in the introduction and spread of new diseases in the Galapagos archipelago.

Effect of Natural Disasters on Local Economies: Forecasting Sales Tax Revenue after Hurricane Ike

Ismayilov, Orkhan,Andrew, Simon A. World Association for Triple Helix and Future Stra 2016 Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia Vol.15 No.2

One of the main objectives of this paper is to provide insight to understand the effect of natural disasters on local government finance. That is, to analyze local governments' sales tax revenues after Hurricane Ike. Three Texas cities are examined: League City, Pearland, and Sugarland. Based on data collected from the Texas Comptroller's Office and the US Census, we found local governments experience a short-term increase in sales tax revenues and a long-term decline after the hurricane strike the region. On average, a major hurricane has a two-year impact on local government economy. The findings are essential for practitioners because in order to have a prosperous recovery after natural disasters, public managers have to prepare financially for short term changes in their sales tax revenues.

LINKING COOPERATIVE ARRANGEMENTS AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES: AN INSTITUTIONAL COLLECTION ACTION FRAMEWORK

Christopher V. Hawkins,SIMON A. ANDREW 한국행정학회 2010 International Review of Public Administration Vol.15 No.1

The main purpose of this paper is to examine if cooperative arrangements among local governments explain the tendency for local governments to adopt certain types of economic development strategies. We take our clues from the Institutional Collective Action (ICA) framework by highlighting the elements of competition and cooperation in economic development strategies. The general hypothesis is that when local governments decide to cooperate, they are acting strategically to improve their economic competitiveness and strategic acts often are based on certain development objectives. We utilize a series of binary regressions with data collected from a survey of local development officials in 206 cities located in twelve metropolitan areas in the United States. The results provide partial support for our general propositions. We found cooperation has no effect on “go it alone” tax incentive strategies but a positive effect on the use of capital intensive strategies that are crucial for enhancing regional competiveness.

Nanoscale, Electrified Liquid Jets for High-Resolution Printing of Charge

Park, Jang-Ung,Lee, Sangkyu,Unarunotai, Sakulsuk,Sun, Yugang,Dunham, Simon,Song, Taeseup,Ferreira, Placid M.,Alleyene, Andrew G.,Paik, Ungyu,Rogers, John A. American Chemical Society 2010 NANO LETTERS Vol.10 No.2

<P>Nearly all research in micro- and nanofabrication focuses on the formation of solid structures of materials that perform some mechanical, electrical, optical, or related function. Fabricating patterns of charges, by contrast, is a much less well explored area that is of separate and growing interesting because the associated electric fields can be exploited to control the behavior of nanoscale electronic and mechanical devices, guide the assembly of nanomaterials, or modulate the properties of biological systems. This paper describes a versatile technique that uses fine, electrified liquid jets formed by electrohydrodynamics at micro- and nanoscale nozzles to print complex patterns of both positive and negative charges, with resolution that can extend into the submicrometer and nanometer regime. The reported results establish the basic aspects of this process and demonstrate the capabilities through printed patterns with diverse geometries and charge configurations in a variety of liquid inks, including suspensions of nanoparticles and nanowires. The use of printed charge to control the properties of silicon nanomembrane transistors provides an application example.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/nalefd/2010/nalefd.2010.10.issue-2/nl903495f/production/images/medium/nl-2009-03495f_0006.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nl903495f'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

Illuminating the in-house provision of emergency services: A test of organizational capacity hypotheses

정규진,SIMON A. ANDREW,Wei-Ning Wu 한국행정학회 2014 International Review of Public Administration Vol.19 No.3

While much has been written about the importance of organizational capacity, fewhave examined systematically the influence of organizational capacity on local service delivery arrangements. This paper highlights the importance of organizational capacity in influencing local government decisions to provide services in house in the realm of public safety (e.g., fire, police and emergency medical services). Our empirical study, conducted in Texas, provides evidence that a local government may reduce the risks of contract failure when it produces services in house, especially in the presence of institutionalized evaluation mechanisms. Instead of relying on alternative service providers to acquire, store and move emergency medical supplies and services, local governments are building capacity to better equip themselves to deliver emergency services and plan for disasters.

Fireclay bricks produced from lithomargic clay

Anthony Andrews,Simon K. Y. Gawu,Peter A. Olubambi 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2015 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.16 No.1

Lithomargic clay underlying Awaso bauxite deposits is non-plastic and therefore cannot be used to produce ceramic bodies. The plasticity of lithomargic clay has been enhanced by addition of 20 wt% of clay binder, moulded, dried and fired at 1350 and 1400 o C, respectively. The dwell time was varied from 30 to 120 minutes. Properties such as bulk density, apparent porosity, linear firing shrinkage, and compressive strength were investigated. Crystalline phases after firing were determined using X-ray diffraction technique. The results show the properties measured depends on both the temperature and dwell time. The optimum compressive strength for such bricks could be achieved either by firing at 1350 o C for 120 minutes or at 1400 o C for 30 minutes.